Comparison between incremental shuttle run test and Harvard’s step test on peak exercise performance in healthy males: a cross-sectional study

Background: Cardiovascular fitness is directly related to the physical health of the person. Aerobic capacity (VO2max) is one of the major criteria to decide the cardiovascular fitness of an individual. To help quantify the fitness level by calculating their VO2max, there are various indirect maximal tests available but out of these, which one would predict VO2max better, is a major concern. Hence the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two indirect maximal tests i.e. Incremental Shuttle Run Test (ISRT) and Harvard’s Step Test (HST) on peak exercise performance in young healthy males.Methods: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling was performed on healthy untrained 100 males of age group 18-25 years. Day 1 subjects performed ISRT on 20 m track and after a 48 hours rest period, on day 3 same subject performed Harvard’s step test. Pre and post-test parameters (Pulse rate, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and RPE) were measured and predicted VO2max was calculated.Results: Post-test parameters i.e. PR, RR, SBP significantly increased (p=0.00*) by Harvard’s step test. The diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly (p=0.3) for both the tests. Rating of perceived exertion by both the test was of the range 17-19 (very hard to maximal). Calculated predicted VO2max was significantly more by ISRT than HST in males (p=0.00*).Conclusions: Incremental shuttle run test is more efficient in predicting VO2max than Harvard’s step test in healthy adult’s males.

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Associations of mode and distance of commuting to school with cardiorespiratory fitness in Slovenian schoolchildren: a nationwide cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10326-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gregor Jurak ◽

Maroje Soric ◽

Vedrana Sember ◽

Sasa Djuric ◽

Gregor Starc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Linear Models ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Active Commuting ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Main Effect ◽

Commuting Mode ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Abstract Background It is unclear whether active commuting has the potential to improve children’s health. This study examined the association of commuting mode and distance with children’s cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, including 713 Slovenian schoolchildren aged 12 to 15 years. Commuting modes were self-reported, and four commuting groups were constructed, while CRF was determined with a 20-m shuttle run test. The distance from home to school was calculated using the Geographic Information System. Effects of commuting mode and distance, controlling for age, gender and amount of total physical activity, were evaluated using general two linear models (one for each direction of commuting to/from school). Results The main effect of commuting group on CRF and its interaction with distance were significant in the direction from school to home (P = 0.013 and P = 0.028, respectively), but not in the opposite direction. Predicted differences in CRF between commuting groups were moderate and generally higher in males than in females. When comparing commuting group median distance from home to school, males driven by car had around 4 ml/min/kg lower predicted CRF than those who walked (P = 0.01) or used wheels commuting (e.g., bicycle, skateboard). Conclusions The distance of commuting had a small effect on CRF, except in the Car group where children who live close to school had significantly lower CRF than those living further away. Children driven by car who live within wheels or walk distance from school should be targeted by interventions promoting active transport.

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Heart rate agreement between the 20-meter shuttle run test and virtual system in healthy children: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.13515/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

cristiane moran ◽

SIMONE DAL CORSO ◽

MARIA TERESA BOMBIG ◽

ANDREY JORGE SERRA ◽

SILVANA ALVES PEREIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Borg Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Virtual System ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Abstract Background: Earlier studies evaluated the physiological responses to video games in children with different clinical conditions; however, no study has compared active video games with an incremental field test in healthy children. The purpose of this study was to verify the agreement between the 20-meter shuttle run test (20m-SRT) and virtual system (VS). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 235 children (9.0 ± 0.8 years, 109 boys). The two tests were performed one week apart and the children were instructed not to engage in any physical exercise or sports in the 24 hours preceding each test. Their resting heart rate was monitored for one minute and then throughout the tests. To evaluate the influence of motivation on the 20 m SRT and (VS), at the end of the tests the children were asked to rate their motivation on a scale of zero to 10, zero being “not cool” and 10 “awesome”. Perceived exertion at the end of the tests was assessed using the modified Borg scale. Results: Maximum heart rate (HRmax) did not differ between the 20m-SRT and VS (194.4 ± 10.2 bpm vs. 193.2 ± 13.8 bpm, respectively). Both tests were similar for intensity > and < 96% HRmax. The children showed greater exertion on the Borg scale and motivation during the VS. The multiple logistic regression model showed that motivation (p=0.98), sex (p=0.53), age (p=0.61), nutritional status (p=0.65), and speed (p=0.18) were not predictive factors of the child’s reaching HRmax. Conclusion: VS can be used as a tool to evaluate the intensity of maximal exercise tests, given that the percentage of children who achieved HRmax did not differ between the VS and 20m SRT. The perceived exertion scales were correlated, but only the modified Borg scale correlated with HRmax in the 20m SRT. The tests are motivational, and most children obtained the maximum VS score. Keywords: cardiology; child; exercise; physical fitness; virtual reality; Incremental stress test

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Heart rate agreement between the 20-meter shuttle run test and virtual system in healthy children: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-019-1861-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cristiane A. Moran ◽

Simone Dal Corso ◽

Maria Teresa Bombig ◽

Andrey Jorge Serra ◽

Silvana Alves Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Borg Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Virtual System ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Abstract Background Earlier studies evaluated the physiological responses to video games in children with different clinical conditions; however, no study has compared active video games with an incremental field test in healthy children. The purpose of this study was to verify the agreement between the 20-m shuttle run test (20 m-SRT) and virtual system (VS). Methods This is a cross-sectional study of 235 children (9.0 ± 0.8 years, 109 boys). The two tests were performed one week apart and the children were instructed not to engage in any physical exercise or sports in the 24 h preceding each test. Their resting heart rate was monitored for one minute and then throughout the tests. To evaluate the influence of motivation on the 20 m SRT and (VS), at the end of the tests the children were asked to rate their motivation on a scale of zero to 10, zero being “not cool” and 10 “awesome”. Perceived exertion at the end of the tests was assessed using the modified Borg scale. Results Maximum heart rate (HRmax) did not differ between the 20 m-SRT and VS (194.4 ± 10.2 bpm vs. 193.2 ± 13.8 bpm, respectively). Both tests were similar for intensity > and < 96% HRmax. The children showed greater exertion on the Borg scale and motivation during the VS. The multiple logistic regression model showed that motivation (p = 0.98), sex (p = 0.53), age (p = 0.61), nutritional status (p = 0.65), and speed (p = 0.18) were not predictive factors of the child’s reaching HRmax. Conclusion VS can be used as a tool to evaluate the intensity of maximal exercise tests, given that the percentage of children who achieved HRmax did not differ between the VS and 20 m SRT. The perceived exertion scales were correlated, but only the modified Borg scale correlated with HRmax in the 20 m SRT. The tests are motivational, and most children obtained the maximum VS score.

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Performance and reproducibility on shuttle run test between obese and non-obese children: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-017-0825-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cristiane A. Moran ◽

Maria Stella Peccin ◽

Maria Teresa Bombig ◽

Silvana Alves Pereira ◽

Simone Dal Corso

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

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Evaluation of strength, agility and aerobic capacity in Brazilian football players

Biomedical Human Kinetics ◽

10.1515/bhk-2018-0005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Gago Raymundo ◽

Carlos Soares Pernambuco ◽

Rosana Dias de Oliveira Brum ◽

Juliana Brandão Pinto de Castro ◽

Flávio Boechat de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Football Players ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Moderate Correlation ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Summary Study aim: To evaluate the levels of strength, agility and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) between the offensive and defensive teams of football players. Material and methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 20 male Brazilian football players were divided into an offensive group (OG, n = 10, age: 25.50 ± 6.15 years) and a defensive group (DG, n = 10, age: 22.50 ± 5.48 years). We used the dynamometer for back and legs, the shuttle run test, and the Cooper test to evaluate strength, agility and VO2max, respectively. Results: The independent Student t-test showed that the OG was significantly more agile than the DG (p < 0.05). The other variables did not show any statistically significant differences. In the OG there was a strong correlation between agility and VO2max (r = - 0.834, p = 0.003, r2 = 0.70). However, in the DG there was a moderate correlation between the same variables (r = - 0.677, p = 0.031, r2 = 0.46). This shows that the greater the agility is, the higher is the VO2max. There was no correlation between the variables muscle strength and body fat percentage. Conclusions: The study showed that the OG has a better physical condition than the DG.

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Heart rate agreement between the 20-meter shuttle run test and virtual system in healthy children: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.13515/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

cristiane moran ◽

SIMONE DAL CORSO ◽

MARIA TERESA BOMBIG ◽

ANDREY JORGE SERRA ◽

SILVANA ALVES PEREIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Borg Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Virtual System ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Abstract Background: Earlier studies evaluated the physiological responses to video games in children with different clinical conditions; however, no study has compared active video games with an incremental field test in healthy children. The purpose of this study was to verify the agreement between the 20-meter shuttle run test (20m-SRT) and virtual system (VS). Methods : This is a cross-sectional study of 235 children (9.0 ± 0.8 years, 109 boys). The two tests were performed one week apart and the children were instructed not to engage in any physical exercise or sports in the 24 hours preceding each test. Their resting heart rate was monitored for one minute and then throughout the tests. To evaluate the influence of motivation on the 20 m SRT and (VS), at the end of the tests the children were asked to rate their motivation on a scale of zero to 10, zero being “not cool” and 10 “awesome”. Perceived exertion at the end of the tests was assessed using the modified Borg scale. Results : Maximum heart rate (HRmax) did not differ between the 20m-SRT and VS (194.4 ± 10.2 bpm vs. 193.2 ± 13.8 bpm, respectively). Both tests were similar for intensity > and < 96% HRmax. The children showed greater exertion on the Borg scale and motivation during the VS. The multiple logistic regression model showed that motivation (p=0.98), sex (p=0.53), age (p=0.61), nutritional status (p=0.65), and speed (p=0.18) were not predictive factors of the child’s reaching HRmax. Conclusion : VS can be used as a tool to evaluate the intensity of maximal exercise tests, given that the percentage of children who achieved HRmax did not differ between the VS and 20m SRT. The perceived exertion scales were correlated, but only the modified Borg scale correlated with HRmax in the 20m SRT. The tests are motivational, and most children obtained the maximum VS score. Keywords: cardiology; child; exercise; physical fitness; virtual reality; Incremental stress test

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Associations between locomotive and non-locomotive physical activity and physical performance in older community-dwelling females with and without locomotive syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY ◽

10.1186/s40101-021-00268-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tomohiro Nishimura ◽

Atsushi Hagio ◽

Kanako Hamaguchi ◽

Toshiyuki Kurihara ◽

Motoyuki Iemitsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Walking Speed ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Step Test ◽

Locomotive Syndrome ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Slow Walking ◽

Slow Walking Speed

Abstract Background Locomotive syndrome (LS) is a condition of reduced mobility due to a disorder of the locomotive system. Increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been recommended to prevent LS. However, to increase daily MVPA is difficult for older people with LS. The MVPA consists of not only locomotive activities such as walking but also non-locomotive activities such as household activities. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between locomotive/non-locomotive MVPA and physical performance in older females with and without LS. Methods Participants of this cross-sectional study were 143 older community-dwelling Japanese females. The participants were divided into two groups based on the results of the stand-up test: the normal group (NL) (n = 86) and the LS group (n = 57). Both the locomotive and non-locomotive PA seperately measured with its intensity. The intensity of physical activity (PA) was calculated as METs and classified as sedentary behavior (SB 1–1.5 metabolic equivalent tasks (METs)), low-intensity physical activity (LPA 1.6–2.9 METs), and MVPA (≥ 3 METs). For example, locomotive LPA is slow walking speed of 54 m/min, and locomotive MVPA is walking speed of 67 m/min. While non-locomotive LPA is office work and cooking, non-locomotive MVPA is housecleaning. Physical function was evaluated by handgrip strength, walking speed, and 2-step test. Results Walking speed, hand-grip strength, 2-step test, daily step counts, and all PA measurements were not significantly different between two groups. In the LS, locomotive MVPA (r = 0.293, p < 0.05) and total MVPA (r = 0.299, p < 0.05) was significantly correlated with walking speed, but not in the NL. Conclusions Walking speed was positively correlated with locomotive MVPA and total MVPA in the LS group, but not in NL group. This result suggests that slow walking speed in older people with LS occur in connection with lower locomotive MVPA and total MVPA.

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The Association between Physical Fitness Performance and Abdominal Obesity Risk among Taiwanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17051722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 1722 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Po-Fu Lee ◽

Chien-Chang Ho ◽

Nai-Wen Kan ◽

Ding-Peng Yeh ◽

Yun-Chi Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Population Analysis ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Step Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Obesity Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

New Perspective

The present study aims to investigate the associations between physical fitness performance and abdominal obesity risk among Taiwanese adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study and reviewed the data derived from the National Physical Fitness Survey in Taiwan (HPFSIT). Data from a total of 62,486 respondents aged 23–64 years were collected in this study. The participants completed a standardized structural questionnaire and a series of anthropometric characteristics (body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio) and physical fitness (3-min step tests, 1-min sit-up tests, and sit-and-reach tests) assessments. Waist circumference was used to define abdominal obesity status. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted. Our results presented almost entirely significant associations (except for women) on the 3-min step test. Moreover, the results suggest that muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility may be effective predictors of abdominal obesity among men and women, whereas cardiorespiratory fitness predicted abdominal obesity only in men. According to the results of this study, the fitness–abdominal obesity associations are minor based on a mixed population analysis. However, dose–response relationships have been observed. The present study provides a new perspective by using different types of fitness performance to predict abdominal obesity.

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Effects of Diabetes and Hypertension on Oral Mucosa and TGFβ1 Salivary Levels

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-644020181868 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 309-315

Author(s):

Lisiane Bernardi ◽

Bárbara Capitanio de Souza ◽

Nicole Canalli Sonda ◽

Fernanda Visioli ◽

Pantelis Varvaki Rados ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Mucosa ◽

Salivary Flow ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Post Test ◽

Healthy Control ◽

History Of ◽

Spearman Test ◽

Test Correlation

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate salivary levels of TGFβ1 and proliferation/ maturation of epithelial mucosa cells in diabetic and hypertensive patients. Design: in this cross-sectional study, whole stimulated saliva and oral mucosa exfoliative cytology specimens were collected from 39 patients that were healthy (control, n=10) or presented history of arterial hypertension (HAS, n=9), diabetes mellitus (DM, n=10) or both (DM+HAS, n=10). Salivary flow rate (SFR), TGFβ1 level in saliva, AgNORs and the epithelial maturation were evaluated. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test and the Spearman test correlation analysis were used. SFR showed a significant decreased in DM and DM+HAS (0.47±0.11 and 0.64±0.43 mL/min) when compared to control (1.4±0.38 mL/min). DM+HAS presented the highest value of TGFβ1 concentration (24.72±5.89 pg/mL). It was observed a positive correlation between TGFβ1 and glycaemia (R=0.6371; p<0.001) and a negative correlation between TGFβ1 and saliva (R=-0.6162; p<0.001) and glycaemia and SFR (R=-0.5654; P=0.001). AgNORs number and status of maturation of mucosa cells were similar for all conditions. DM and DM+HAS presented the lowest SFR, which correlated with increased TGFβ1 levels. Despite the higher TGFβ1 secretion it was not observed changes in the morphology or proliferation of epithelial cells when diabetes or hypertension was present.

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