scholarly journals Socio-demographic profile of Human Immunodeficiency Virus patients on second line antiretroviral therapy in a tertiary care centre of North-East India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4594
Author(s):  
Arun Karmakar ◽  
Abhipsa Mazumdar ◽  
Nabarun Karmakar ◽  
Aditya Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/ AIDS is one of the major global health issue, resulting an epidemic. Understanding the socio-demographic profile with magnitude of risky behavior might include positive messages in the routine HIV/AIDS care and treatment. Objective of this study was to find out the socio-demographic, behavioural characteristics among patients receiving second line ART (Anti-Retroviral therapy) in a tertiary centre of North-East India.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 90 PLWHA patients receiving second line ART in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal from March 2016 to August 2017. A predesigned and pretested schedule was used as study tool to collect required information.Results: Majority participants (43.3%) belonged to 30-40 years age group, mean age 39.96±8.021 years; 51.1% were female. Majority (58.9%) got infected with HIV through heterosexual route followed by IV drug use (31.1%). Nearly half (51.1%) were diagnosed with HIV for 11-15 years duration and majority (61.1%) were under 2nd line ART for 6-10 years duration. Here, 3.3% subjects had Hepatitis B and 7.8% were infected with hepatitis C.Conclusions: Young population were most affected group and heterosexual route being the commonest mode of transmission. Combination of socio-demographic, behavioural risk factor and unawareness are responsible for rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. So, people need to be educated for primary and secondary prevention.

scholarly journals Reasons for Cancellation of Elective Surgical Operations: A Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laltanpuii Sailo ◽  
Stephen Lalfakzuala Sailo ◽  
Nari Mary Lyngdoh ◽  
Rajani Thabah ◽  
Tridip Jyoti Borah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Surgical Operations

Introduction: Cancellation of elective surgical operations is defined as an elective operation which is not performed on the scheduled date. The rates and the reasons for cancellation vary in different parts of the world. Cancellation causes increased cost of treatment, loss of daily wage and mental trauma. It also causes under utilisation of hospital resources and loss of training opportunities to surgical trainees. Aim: To estimate the rate of cancellation of elective surgical operations in a tertiary care centre in North-East India and determine the reasons for cancellation. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a 500 bedded, North-Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India, from January 2018 to September 2018. All consecutive elective surgical cases scheduled during this period were included in the study. The rate and the reasons for cancellation were noted. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of the results. Results: Out of 1812 elective surgical operations scheduled during the study period, 491 operations (27.10%) were cancelled. The most common reasons for cancellation were shortage of time (78.62%), medical causes (10.79%) and administrative problems (4.48%). Cancellation rate was highest in the Department of Surgical Oncology (40.23%), followed by Departments of Orthopaedics (34.51%) and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OG) (31.02%). Conclusion: The rate of cancellation of elective surgical operation was high (27.10%) and the most common reason was shortage of time and Surgical Oncology Department had highest rate of cancellation.

scholarly journals A study of the prevalence of hyperuricemia as well as its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in three hundred patients at a tertiary care centre in North-East India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Anant Parasher ◽  
Padma Lahdol ◽  
Abhinav Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
North East ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition defined by excessive fat accumulation in the form of triglycerides (steatosis) in the liver. In recent years, an association between elevated serum uric acid concentrations and NAFLD has been reported. Thus, we intended to perform this cross-sectional study to establish the prevalence of hyperuricemia in NAFLD patients and its association with NAFLD in 300 patients at a tertiary care centre in North-East India.Methods: In this hospital based cross-sectional study, 300 patients presenting in Assam medical college and hospital (AMCH) with diagnosed NAFLD were included during the one year period from July 2015 to June 2016.Results: Hyperuricemia was observed in 99 cases out of a total of 300 cases of NAFLD (33%), and a statistically significant association was observed between the two parameters.Conclusions: The prevalence rate of NAFLD was significantly higher in subjects with hyperuricemia than that in those without hyperuricemia (78.19% versus 40.83%) (p<0.001), and the prevalence rate increased with progressively higher serum uric acid levels (p<0.001). 

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to assess the cause of present suicide attempt and socio-demographic profile among the suicide attemptees in a tertiary care centre, Bengaluru

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Kavya M Alalageri ◽  
Shobha Shobha ◽  
Ranganath TS
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Suicide Attempted

Context: A high suicide rate is an index of social disorganization. In India, it is the second leading cause of death among 15-29 years age group. Young age, female sex, poor education, unemployment and socio economic deprivation are some of the potential risk factors. Aim: To assess the cause of present suicide intent and socio-demographic profile in patients with attempted suicide in a tertiary care centre. Settings and design: Study setting in tertiary care centre, Bengaluru and a Cross-sectional study design. Methods and material: A Cross Sectional Study was conducted among 476 suicide attempted patients by Convenient sampling from January 2016 to May 2017. Data was collected by using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics if required. Results: Mean age of study participants was 30.65+0.75 years. Most of the suicide victims (82.97%) were from nuclear families.24.57%of study participants had family history of suicide.49.66% of them had a suicidal intent during the past 12 months and only 26.89% of them sought professional help. Conclusion: Suicides and attempted suicides are slowly but steadily assuming the levels of a public health problem caused by multiple factors. Hence there is a need to address the risk factors for suicide attempts and preventing them by taking proper measures at individual, family and societal level.

scholarly journals Awareness of HIV/AIDS among the pregnant women and their husbands attending ANC clinic in a tertiary care centre in Chennai

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4310
Author(s):  
Shanthi Edward
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Women In India ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: In India the total number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) was estimated to be 2.1 million in 2015 and number of new cases estimated at 86,000.  The prevalence of HIV among pregnant women in India is high and the awareness on HIV/AIDs is low among women in India .Awareness of HIV is important in antenatal mothers as they are vulnerable and encouraging early HIV testing will augment the PPTCT (Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission) services. Hence it is prime importance to create awareness among pregnant women to protect them from HIV infection. This study was conducted to find out the awareness level among pregnant women and their husbands as husbands play an important role in prevention of HIV in their spouses.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at ANC clinic in Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Porur, Chennai. All antenatal women who visited the ANC clinic for the first time along with their husbands were selected as the subjects. Sample size was 200 (100 couples). After obtaining Informed Consent from the subjects, a semi structured questionnaire was administered. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS software version 21.Results: One hundred couples were included in the study. Seventy five percent of subjects did not accept that they are at risk and majority of them were husbands (79%) when compared to wives (71%). Above 75% of wives knew mother to child transmission whereas only 65% of husbands knew it. Willingness to undergo HIV test was more among wives (83%) than husbands (75%).Conclusions: A large effort to be taken to impart the information about the HIV/AIDS to husbands to change their attitude. At least one ANC visit by pregnant women should be made mandatory to have their husbands with them to sensitise them on HIV/AIDS. 

scholarly journals “A STUDY OF MICROALBUMINURIA IN NON DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS”

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Anup Latne ◽  
Prabhakar Jirvankar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension is a major public health problem all over the world. The incidence of hypertension is increasing year after year and the prevalence of hypertension is increasing day by day due to increased life expectancy and aging population and their sedentary lifestyle. Hypertension is known to cause microvascular changes and increased cardiovascular risk from it. Microalbuminuria possibly reflects a state of increased renal endothelial permeability and is an easily measured marker of rather diffuse endothelial dysfunction, low grade inflammation and vascular disease burden2. Microalbuminuria has been determined as an important prognostic indicator and has been reported to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and progressive renal damage. Reliable data on the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the general population and its association with cardiovascular risk factors is limited. Till now, there is little data available regarding screening and early treatment of hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria, as in the case of microalbuminuric non diabetic subjects. With these perspective this cross sectional study of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic hypertensive patients was undertaken to study prevalence of microalbuminuria in Non Diabetic hypertensive patients. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic hypertensive patients and to correlate the presence of microalbuminuria with the patients of different clinical profiles. Materials and Methods: This was observational, cross sectional study of Patients diagnosed with hypertension either admitted in ward or attending OPD of Medical College and Tertiary Care Centre. Urine microalbumin creatinine ratio was used for estimation of microalbuminuria. Conclusion: It was proved that microalbuminuria prevalence was directly proportional to the duration of hypertension, the stage of hypertension. Prevalence of microalbuminria was low in ACE inhibitor and ARB treated hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Study on Clinico-Demographic Characteristics of Orthopaedic Cases in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badri Rijal ◽  
Krishna Rana ◽  
Srijana KC ◽  
Jamuna Lamsal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forearm Bone

Introduction: Orthopedic conditions include a range of condition varying from traumatic injuries, congenital anomalies, chronic back-pain, arthritis, rheumatologic conditions, and other. In Nepal, approximately 2.35 million people are living with musculoskeletal conditions in which 175,000 people are suffering with MSD from non-traumatic causes. The aim of the study is to observe the clinical and demographic pattern of orthopedic problems presenting in the hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in All Nepal Hospital Private Limited in the month of November. The data from the medical record section was retrospectively collected. Sample size of 384 was included and convenience sampling technique was used. The descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: Eight hundred forty four cases were included in the study. Implant removal was the main condition for admission in the hospital 105 (12.44%) followed by Forearm Bone Fracture 84 (9.95%) and Cut Injury 64 (7.58%). Most cases presented during the time 6 PM to 12 AM 312 (36.96%). Conclusions: Most of the orthopedic cases presented in the evening and night time. Implant removal, forearm bone fracture and cut injury form the major bulk of the cases.

scholarly journals Magnitude of hypothyroidism among patients of cholelithiasis in a tertiary care centre in rural West Bengal: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3375
Author(s):  
Jaganmoy Maji ◽  
Debjyoti Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Elder Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common pathology of the gall bladder affecting about 10 to 15% of the adults in western countries and 2 to 29% in India. More than 80% of the patients with cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Hypothyroidism may cause gall stone formation due to the hyperlipidemia, motility disorders affecting the bile duct and sphincter of Oddi.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Surgery, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura from March 2019 to February 2020 for duration of one and half year. The sample size was 54 and consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for the sampling. All the collected data were recorded in a pre-designed proforma and analyzed in MS excel.Results: Out of 54-patients with cholelithiasis, 28% patients were from the age group 45-54 years.40% patients were hypothyroid pre-dominantly females. Among 30-female patients 11 (26.82%) were hypothyroid and among 11-male patients 2 (15.38%) were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism in male and female was statistically significant.Conclusions: This study was introduced to determine the relationship between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. It was concluded that hypothyroidism was more common in female, obese and elder patients. The gender distribution of the hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis was statistically significant while all other variables were statistically not significant.  

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