A comparative study on outcome of ileal perforation after primary perforation closure and resection and ileostomy

Background: Ileal perforations are a common occurrence in our hospital setup with a majority of cases having an etiology of typhoid. The presentation and management of ileal perforation with special reference to typhoid, nonspecific and traumatic perforations and the outcomes in these patients and the factors affecting prognosis are important. Aims and objectives of the study were to study the management of Ileal perforation. To compare the outcome of two different types of treatment for Ileal perforation i.e. Primary Closure (vs) Resection and Ileostomy.Methods: This is a randomized comparative observational study conducted in general surgery department of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai between February 2016 to October 2017. A Minimum of 28 patients was included in the study. Diagnosis was made on the basis of the X-ray erect abdomen, ultrasound abdomen, Widal test and intra-operative findings.Results: The common age groups affected was 41-50 years age group (5 patients) and 61-70 years age groups (5 patients). The least affected were 1-10years age group (one patient). The incidence in males was slightly greater than females. Male to female ratio was 2.5:1. Typhoid perforation is the most common case of ileal perforation followed by non-specific perforation. Post-operative complications are more in the primary closure group with 32.14% (9 patients) which is lower when compared to ileostomy group 17.85% (5 patients). Complications of primary closure were wound infection (2 patients), burst abdomen (3 patients), faecal fistula (1 patient), respiratory complications (3 patients). Complications in ileostomy group were wound infection (4 patients) and respiratory complications (one patient).Conclusions: Mortality was more in primary closure group with 21.42% (6 patients) and mortality was less in ileostomy group with 7.14% (2 patients). This study proposes that ileostomy may be given priority over other surgical options in moribund patients.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON OUTCOME OF ILEAL PERFORATION AFTER PRIMARY PERFORATION CLOSURE AND RESECTION AND ILEOSTOMY AT VMMC & SAFDARJUNG HOSPITAL, NEW DELHI

10.36106/ijsr/2436742 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Ramesh Kumar Verma ◽

Mohammad Nafees Ahamad ◽

Nishith Sudhir Mandal ◽

Snigdha Kamini ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Primary Closure ◽

Age Groups ◽

New Delhi ◽

Age Group ◽

Respiratory Complications ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Ileal Perforation ◽

Closure Group ◽

Safdarjung Hospital

Background: Ileal perforations are a common occurrence in our hospital setup with a majority of cases having an etiology of typhoid. The presentation and management of ileal perforation with special reference to typhoid, nonspecific and traumatic perforations and the outcomes in these patients and the factors affecting prognosis are important. Aims and objectives of the study were to study the management of Ileal perforation. To compare the outcome of two different types of treatment for Ileal perforation i.e. Primary Closure (vs) Resection and Ileostomy. Methods: This is a randomized comparative observational study conducted in Surgery Department of VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi between October 2019 to July 2020. A Minimum of 28 patients was included in the study. Diagnosis was made on the basis of the X-ray erect abdomen, ultrasound abdomen, Widal test and intra-operative findings. Results: The common age groups affected was 41-50 years age group (5 patients) and 61-70 years age groups (5 patients). The least affected were 1-10years age group (one patient). The incidence in males was slightly greater than females. Male to female ratio was 2.5:1. Typhoid perforation is the most common case of ileal perforation followed by non-specific perforation. Post-operative complications are more in the primary closure group with 32.14% (9 patients) which is lower when compared to ileostomy group 17.85% (5 patients). Complications of primary closure were wound infection (2 patients), burst abdomen (3 patients), faecal fistula (1 patient), respiratory complications (3 patients). Complications in ileostomy group were wound infection (4 patients) and respiratory complications (one patient). Conclusions: Mortality was more in primary closure group with 21.42% (6 patients) and mortality was less in ileostomy group with 7.14% (2 patients). This study proposes that ileostomy may be given priority over other surgical options in moribund patients.

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Family history of early onset acute lymphoblastic leukemia is suggesting genetic associations

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90542-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xinjun Li ◽

Kristina Sundquist ◽

Jan Sundquist ◽

Asta Försti ◽

Kari Hemminki

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Genetic Associations ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Cancer Data ◽

Group 5 ◽

Prostate Cancers

AbstractChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has an origin in the fetal period which may distinguish it from ALL diagnosed later in life. We wanted to test whether familial risks differ in ALL diagnosed in the very early childhood from ALL diagnosed later. The Swedish nation-wide family-cancer data were used until year 2016 to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for familial risks in ALL in three diagnostic age-groups: 0–4, 5–34 and 35 + years. Among 1335 ALL patients diagnosed before age 5, familial risks were increased for esophageal (4.78), breast (1.42), prostate (1.40) and connective tissue (2.97) cancers and leukemia (2.51, ALL 7.81). In age-group 5–34 years, rectal (1.73) and endometrial (2.40) cancer, myeloma (2.25) and leukemia (2.00, ALL 4.60) reached statistical significance. In the oldest age-group, the only association was with Hodgkin lymphoma (3.42). Diagnostic ages of family members of ALL patients were significantly lower compared to these cancers in the population for breast, prostate and rectal cancers. The patterns of increased familial cancers suggest that BRCA2 mutations could contribute to associations of ALL with breast and prostate cancers, and mismatch gene PMS2 mutations with rectal and endometrial cancers. Future DNA sequencing data will be a test for these familial predictions.

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Prevalence of non-pathogenic types of gastrointestinal protozoa in population in Slovakia and their potential importance in the aspect of public health

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2018-0100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 819-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adriána Dudlová ◽

Pavol Jarčuška ◽

Silvia Jurišová ◽

Zuzana Vasilková ◽

Vladimír Krčméry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Population ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Age Group ◽

Potential Importance ◽

Blastocystis Hominis ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Total Prevalence

Abstract The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of non-pathogenic protozoa circulating in the human population of Slovakia. We particularly focused on the socially deprived areas with poor sanitation conditions, as they are one of the factors affecting the transmission of these infections. Within this study, 2760 people were coprologically screened for the presence of protozoan cysts. The analyzed group comprised 1173 men and 1587 women from different regions of Slovakia. The total prevalence (2.03%) of non-pathogenic protozoa species was determined. The prevalence of Entamoeba coli was 0.80%, the prevalence of Endolimax nana 0.58%, and the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis was 0.65%. The presence of non-pathogenic protozoa was more frequent in women than that in men, in all age groups. The highest incidence of Entamoeba coli was found in children aged one month – seven years (0.79%), the lowest in the age group of 19–88 years (0.66%). Endolimax nana was most frequent in 8–18 year-olds (0.95%), where the statistical significance was found (p<0.05). The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis by the age group ranged from 0.39 to 0.95%. We did not find any statistical significance (p>0.05) for Entamoeba coli, and similarly for Blastocystis hominis associated with the sex and age. Although the circulation of non-pathogenic protozoa in the human population is far from being limited to the developing countries, their occurrence is also frequent in the population of developed countries. Despite their controversial pathogenicity, they should not be neglected, particularly in the patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Study on factors affecting fertility of Bangladeshi women

Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal ◽

10.47648/zhswmcj.2020.v0102.02 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (Number 2) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽

Nadia Begum ◽

Shila Rani Das ◽

Sultana Begum ◽

Mehruba Afrin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle Class ◽

Rural Area ◽

Age Groups ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Middle Class ◽

Factors Affecting

This is a cross sectional study conducted among Currently Married Women of Reproductive Age (CMWRA) with a sample size of 476 selected purposively using a semi-structured questionnaire in 2018 at Moulvibazar Sadar to explore the factors affecting fertility. The result shows that 55.26% respondents were within 35 years age whereas only 4.28% from age group 46-49 years age group, 33% of the respondents got married at <16 years of age and 18.70% were illiterate, 47.90% had primary education. It is evident that 76% of the respondents were from rural area; 88% were Muslims, 29.41% from lower middle class followed by upper middle class (25.42%) and poorest comprised only 7.56%. The result explored that 73.91% of the respondents were from age group 41-45 got married before 16 years of age followed by 36-40 years (68.24%), 46-49 years (66%), 20-25 and 26-30 years age groups 52.38% and 52.75% respectively; 73.33% of respondents from rural area got married at <16 years of age, 68.42% of the Muslim at <16 years. The study explored that 96.39% from poorer section and 83.33% from poorest section got married at <16 years of age. Current study revealed that 82.91% of the respondents having secondary education got married before 16 years of age followed by illiterate (82.02%). It is explored that the age at marriage is statistically associated with residence, education, wealth index and religion (p= 0.001, 0.03, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). We conclude that the sociodemographic condition contributes mostly to fertility differentials in Bangladesh.

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Ascitic Fluid Cytology Seen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.161 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 345-350

Author(s):

CC Nwafor ◽

K Obioha ◽

TO Akhiwu

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Patient Care ◽

Ascitic Fluid ◽

Age Groups ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Malignant Cells ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male To Female ◽

Fluid Cytology

Ascites is a symptom that can originate due to diverse pathologies. A lot of investigations including ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) can be done on it to help determine its origin. The aim of this study, is to document the findings and highlight the importance of AFC in patient care in Uyo. All AFC reports and slides in the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo were retrieved, reviewed and used for this study. The age ranged from 1.5 – 80 years with mean age, 41.79 (±17.23) years. About 71.8% of the ascitic fluid (AF) specimens were from patients between the 3rd and 6th decade. Females predominated in all age groups expect 10-19 year's group, with a male to female sex ratio of 1:2.4. Malignant cells were seen in 28.7% of all the samples, while 51.2% were negative for malignant cells. Malignant cells were seen in 4 (6.7%), 11 (18.3%) and 6 (10%) of the AFC performed due to various liver pathologies, ovarian malignancies and intra-abdominal malignancies respectively. Malignant cells were found more in females with a male to female ratio of 1: 3.6. Age group 40-49 years accounted for most of the malignant cases (26.6%). The pattern of AFC in Uyo is similar to the pattern in other parts of Nigeria

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Factors Affecting The Survival Trend In Oesophageal Malignancy- A Hospital Based Study

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v27i1.37613 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

MK Sarker ◽

MM Sarker ◽

MFK Bhuiyan ◽

MMR Khan ◽

ASMA Raihan

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Oesophageal Cancer ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Palliative Treatment ◽

Age Groups ◽

Curative Treatment ◽

Age Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Insidious Onset

Oesophageal cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with insidious onset and poor prognosis. The disease predominantly affects the older age groups with pick incidence between 60 to 70 years of age. The total number of oesophageal cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 43. Among them 60.47% patients were male and 39.53% patients were female, 06.98% belonged to age group 31-40, 16.28% belonged to age group 41-50, 37.21% belonged to age group 51-60, 23.25% belonged to age group 61-70 and 16.28% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 59.95 years ± 12.63 SD. In our study, 33.3% survived ≤3 months, 09.1% 4–6 months, 15.2 % 7–9 months, 06.1% 10–12 months, 27.2% 13–24 months and 09.1% >24 months. Among the expired patients, 09.10% got curative treatment and rest of 90.90% got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment 66.7% survived 13–24 months and 33.3% > 24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 36.7% survived ≤3 months, 10.0% 4–6 months, 06.7% 10–12 months and 30.0% 13–24 months. Overall median survival was 08 months, for curative treatment 18 months and for palliative treatment 07 months.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 38-43

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Factors Affecting The Survival Trend In Carcinoma Stomach- A Hospital Based Study

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v27i2.38989 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

MK Sarker ◽

MM Sarker ◽

NA Parveen ◽

PM Basak ◽

ASMA Raihan

Keyword(s):

Stomach Cancer ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Palliative Treatment ◽

Age Groups ◽

Curative Treatment ◽

Age Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Insidious Onset ◽

Carcinoma Stomach

Stomach cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with insidious onset and poor prognosis. The disease predominantly affects the older age groups with pick incidence between 60 to 70 years of age. The total number of stomach cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 105. Among them 69.52% patients were male and 30.48% patients were female. 0.95% patient belonged to age group <20, 11.43% belonged to age group 21-30, 09.52% belonged to age group 31-40, 23.81% belonged to age group 41-50, 28.57% belonged to age group 51-60, 20.0% belonged to age group 61-70 and 05.72% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 54.91 years ± 13.42 SD. In our study, 45.6% survived <3 months, 15.8% 4–6 months, 07.0% 7–9 months, 14.0% 10–12 months, 10.6% 13–24 months and 07.0% >24 months. Among 57 expired patients, 14 got curative treatment and rest of 43 got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment, 36.4% survived 10–12 months, 45.5% 13–24 months and 18.1% > 24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 51.5% survived <3 months, 24.2% 4–6 months, 12.1% 7–9 months, 09.1% 10–12 months and 03.1% 13–24 months. Overall median survival was 06 months, for curative treatment 16 months and for palliative treatment 03 months.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 44-49

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Seizure in children: How important is EEG & Neuroimaging?

Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.18231/j.pjms.2021.052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 253-257

Author(s):

Sunil Kumar Agarwalla

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Careful Examination ◽

Seizure Type ◽

Age Group ◽

Unprovoked Seizure ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Detailed History ◽

Eeg Data ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Seizure in children are generally indicating a potentially serious underlying systemic or CNS disorders that require thorough clinical examination, investigation and management. It is therefore important to establish accurate diagnosis of seizure and its etiology to manage such patients appropriately. We carried out this study to evaluate different etiology of seizures and its correlation with abnormal EEG & abnormal neuroimaging in the age group of 2mo to 14 years. 200 children presented with seizure to our department from January 2019 to November 2020 were enrolled in this prospective hospital-based study. Detailed history, clinical examination, investigation with special emphasis to EEG & neuroimaging was done and different correlation was drawn by using SSPS 18.0 statistical analysis. Among 200 cases, 6 to 10yr. age group constituted maximum (49%) number of cases. Male to female ratio is 1.5:1. GTCS is the predominant pattern of seizure (60%) in all age groups. EEG abnormality is found in 45%, mostly in focal seizure type. Neuroimaging abnormality found in 29%. Maximum cases (30%) had infectious etiology. Childhood seizure needs detailed history taking and careful examination. Vedio recording shown by parents / caregivers really help towards differentiating seizure from seizure mimics. EEG has a role in specific seizure type; Neuroimaging at times helps in diagnosis. There are few studies that describe neuroimaging [Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)] and Electroencephalogram (EEG) data in children who present with new-onset seizures. The EEG is recommended as a part of the neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with an apparent first unprovoked seizure.

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Gender Differences in Psychiatric Outpatients: A Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic Study in General Hospitals From China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-877877/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenli He ◽

Danhong Xu ◽

Jiafeng Wang ◽

Yuze Shen ◽

Zheng Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Psychiatric Clinic ◽

Age Group ◽

General Hospitals ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Psychiatric Outpatient ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Male To Female

Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about the gender characteristics and the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) impact on psychiatric department outpatients in general hospitals in China. MethodsWe retrospectively collected 225,947 outpatient clinic records before and during COVID-19 pandemic from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in the psychiatric clinic of 3 general hospitals, gender composition of patients was analyzed in different five age groups and nine diagnostic categories at three levels: total patient visits, number of patients and number of first-visit patients. ResultsThe total male-to-female ratio of psychiatric outpatient records in 3 general hospitals from 2019 to 2020 was 1:1.69. Women were more common in all age groups and the male-to-female ratio of 2020 was expanded compared to that of 2019, especially in age group below 34 years old and anxiety disorders category. Most mental disorders showed higher demands for females than that for males except Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use with the male-to-female ratio was 1:0.05. Compared to 2019, the proportions of women were expanded especially in age group below 34 years old, and anxiety disorder and undetermined diagnosis categories were significantly increased in 2020. ConclusionsThe demand for female psychiatric outpatient services is obviously higher than that for males. It is necessary to pay more attention to explore targeted mechanism or psychosocial service strategy for female patients with mental disorders. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100044894, March 31,2021 retrospectively registered.

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Comprehensive study of blunt injury abdomen in single center

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20200808 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 710

Author(s):

Vinod Bhandari ◽

Mahak Bhandari

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Age Groups ◽

Penetrating Trauma ◽

Blunt Injury ◽

Age Group ◽

Road Traffic Accidents ◽

Common Mode ◽

Ileal Perforation ◽

Male Patients

Background: Blunt injury abdomen is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Blunt trauma differs from penetrating trauma as different organs are characteristically injured by compression from blunt straining. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) and computed tomography (CT) abdomen are very beneficial to detect those patients with minimal and clinically undetectable signs of abdominal injury. Objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of blunt injury abdomen, mode of injury, organs involved in patients.Methods: A retrospective study was done on blunt injury abdomen. 48 patients were enrolled in this study.Results: Out of 48, 35 (72.9%) male patients more commonly encountered blunt injury to the abdomen. 28 (58.3%) was the highest incidence for age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents 36 (75.0%). Grade III splenic injuries were encountered in majority 19 cases and 13 cases involved laceration of parenchyma >3 cm depth and 6 cases were subcapsular hematoma (>50%). Spleen was the most common injured organ accounting for 25 (52.0%) and second most common injury was Ileal perforation 6 (12.5%), liver injury 6 (12.5%) of the cases.Conclusions: Blunt injury abdomen mainly affected male and the younger population between the age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury is road traffic accidents. In this study the spleen was found to be the most common organ injured in blunt injury abdomen.

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