scholarly journals Mortality from necrotizing fasciitis: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Patric Paul ◽  
Induprabhayadev Prabhakaran ◽  
Meer Chisthi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis refers to the rapidly progressive inflammation of the fascia, with secondary necrosis of subcutaneous tissues. Due to the high mortality, it is considered a surgical emergency, needing timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment with early debridement. The aim of the study was to analyse the clinical profile of patients with necrotizing fasciitis so as to determine the mortality and the risk factors associated with mortality and other poor outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Kerala, from January 2016 through January 2018. 175 cases were identified through the ICD codes for necrotizing fasciitis and Fournier’s gangrene in the discharge and death registers; and data were obtained about these patients. The data were analyzed to assess the study objectives.Results: In this study mortality was found to be 22.7%. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the most common co-morbid disease and had a significant association with increased risk of amputation. Mixed growth (type I NF) was the most common microbiological isolate and Pseudomonas was the most common gram-negative isolate. 4 cases of MRSA were recorded. Klebsiella infection was found to have increased risk of undergoing limb amputation. 7.4% of the patients required amputation during hospital stay for infection control.Conclusions: Necrotizing fasciitis has a high mortality. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the most common co-morbid disease. Increased blood glucose and low serum albumin had a significant association with an increased risk of amputation. Proper control of these factors is essential to reduce mortality from this condition.

scholarly journals The association of gout with an increased risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke survivors in New Zealand: A cross-sectional study using routinely collected electronic health data

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 204800401986323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Eufemia D San Gabriel ◽  
Julia Slark
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background There is a paucity of data relating to the association of gout with the occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with stroke. This study aimed to determine the association of gout with the risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in a cohort of stroke patients from Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke survivors in South and East Auckland, New Zealand from the years 2010 to 2014. Electronic health record data were collected and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23. Multivariate logistic regression modelling adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity was conducted to determine the association of gout with the risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients discharged with a diagnosis of stroke. Results The age-, gender-, and ethnicity-adjusted odds ratio for having hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke survivors with gout history were 3.25 (95% confidence interval 1.32–8.03) and 1.94 (95% confidence interval 1.12–3.36), respectively. Māori stroke survivors with gout history had the highest risk of having diabetes mellitus with age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 5.10 (95% confidence interval 1.90–18.93). Conclusion The findings from this study suggest gout may be independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with stroke. Māori who are the indigenous population of New Zealand show a greater risk of diabetes mellitus associated with a gout diagnosis compared to other populations. This finding highlights the importance of the need for further research with Māori stroke survivors and other indigenous populations.

scholarly journals The correlation between lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 and central overweight status

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 205873842110485
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Wen-Cheng Li ◽  
Yi-Chuan Chen ◽  
Wei-Chung Yeh ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overweight Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Objective Being

Objective: Being overweight is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) can independently predict the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study is aimed to investigate whether Lp-PLA2 was associated with an overweight status. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 3760 Chinese adults (age, 18–50 years) who underwent medical examination department of Xiamen Chang-Gung Hospital (XCGH) from 2018 to 2020. To explore the distribution of overweight classifications in the Chinese population, we evaluated the correlation of the overweight status with Lp-PLA2, after correcting for possible influencing factors. Results: The Lp-PLA2 level was greater in male than in female subjects ( p < 0.001). Subjects with a central overweight status had a greater Lp-PLA2 level than those with normal weight and a peripheral overweight status, in both male and female cohorts. The Lp-PLA2 level was significantly greater in those with additional comorbidities (namely diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), overweight, and metabolic syndrome (MetS)). The age-adjusted and LDL-adjusted Lp-PLA2 level also was significantly higher in the DM (+) and HTN (−) subgroups than in the DM (−), HTN (−), DM (−), and HTN (+) subgroups. Conclusion: Lp-PLA2 is associated with sex, central overweight status, diabetes, hypertension, and MetS in adults aged < 50 years and the age-adjusted and LDL-adjusted Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in the DM (+) and HTN (−) subgroups than in the DM (−) and HTN (−) and DM (−) and HTN (+) subgroups.

scholarly journals The Prevalence Of Celiac Disease in Saudi Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Cross Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type I Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: The relationship between type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) has been known. The prevalence of CD in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has not been determined. We examined the prevalence of celiac CD in patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with T1DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study for 218 patients with T1DM at the diabetic clinic of King Fahd Armed Force Hospital in Jeddah, KSA between January 2008 and June 2009. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (AntiTTG) was done in all patients. Duodenal biopsy were performed for patients with positive serology for Anti-TTG antibodies. Results: There were 69 males and 54 females who ranged in age from 12-50 years (mean ± SD 21.3 ± 7.2). The age at onset of type I diabetes mellitus was 13.8 ± 7.1 and the duration of type I diabetes mellitus was between 1 and 28 years (7.6 ± 5.7). Elevated Anti-TTG levels were found in the sera of 16 (7.3%) of 218 diabetic patients in our clinic. The gender ratio of the Anti-TTG positive is 1 male: 3 female. All None had any gastrointestinal symptoms. 12 of the 16 subjects had duodonal biopsies and 8 ( 3.7% ) biopsies showed total villous atrophy, 2 ( 0.8% ) subtotal villous atrophy and 2 ( 0.8 % ) chronic duodonitis , biopsy was not carried out in the other 4 subjects. Conclusion: The maximum prevalence of celiac disease in our population was 7.3% based on immunological marker and the minimum was 4.6% based on antibodies and biopsy results.

scholarly journals Renal Dysfunction among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Oswin Mwemezi ◽  
Paschal Ruggajo ◽  
Jonathan Mngumi ◽  
Francis F Furia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background. HIV-associated renal dysfunction is common among infected patients; the growing burden of this condition may be partly accounted for by improved survival attributed to sustained viral suppression with antiretroviral therapies (ART). Some ART regimens are nephrotoxic and may potentially contribute to renal dysfunction observed in these patients. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of renal dysfunction among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on ART attending the care and treatment clinic (CTC). Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and October 2019 among adults living with HIV on ART for 6 months or more attending CTC at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 287 participants were screened for proteinuria and microalbuminuria using the Cybow 300 urine analyzer. Serum creatinine was tested for all participants, and it was used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the CKD-EPI formula. Results. Out of 287 participants (72.1% female, mean age ± SD: 46.7 ± 10.6 years), about one-third (32.8%) had eGFR less than 90 ml/min, whereas 7% had eGFR less than 60 ml/min. Microalbuminuria and proteinuria were detected in 38.6% and 25.1% of participants, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, predictive determinants for renal dysfunction were higher viral loads (OR 2.5 (1.1–5.8), p=0.031), diabetes mellitus (OR 5.5 (1.6–18.6), p=0.006), and age above 60 years (OR 2.8 (1.0–7.3), p=0.041); however, this was not the case for serum CD4 counts (OR 1.25 (0.7–2.3), p=0.46). Conclusion. High prevalence of renal dysfunction among PLHIV on ART was noted in this study. Viral loads above 1000 cp/ml and diabetes mellitus were noted to be associated with increased risk for renal dysfunction.

scholarly journals Food profile and its effect on the occurrence of diabetes in patients living with HIV: A cross-sectional study at the Nylon district hospital, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. S124-S131
Author(s):  
Blanche Cunégonde Omgba Etoundi ◽  
Lionel Fabrice Djomkam Youmsi ◽  
Danielle Émilie Mbock ◽  
Valère Cynthia Kayo Tayou ◽  
Martin Luther Koanga Mogtomo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background: The increased nutritional needs associated with the initiation of antiretroviral therapy exposes HIV-positive patients to an uncontrolled diet. This places them at an increased risk for diabetes mellitus and highlights the role of nutritional habits in the development of diabetes mellitus amongst HIV patients. Aim: In this study, we sought to investigate the feeding habits and their effect on the occurrence of diabetes amongst HIV-positive patients at the Nylon District hospital. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out over eight months. A total of 182 participants were randomly selected of which 134 were HIV-positive and 48 HIV-negative. Blood samples were collected after at least an eight-hour fast. Results: The prevalence of diabetes in the HIV-positive group was 19 % compared to 10 % in the HIV-negative group. The total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in HIV-negative participants compared to HIV-positive participants. Consumption of dairy products more than once per day (OR= 0.71, 95 % CI: 0.27-1.89), vegetable consumption more than once per day (OR= 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.25-2.56), more than one meal per day (OR= 0.13 95% CI: 0.02-1.04), breakfast more than twice per week (OR= 0.91 95 % CI: 0.2-4.11), and practicing physical exercise (OR= 0.7 95 % CI: 0.28-1.78), reduced the odds of having diabetes in HIV positive participants. Conclusion: The HIV status has an impact on the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in these patients, and it is highly associated with the feeding habits and the lifestyle of these patients. Keywords: HIV, diabetes mellitus, feeding habits, lifestyle, lipid profile.

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