scholarly journals Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabu Velusamy ◽  
Kavitha Devarajulu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Subclinical Vitamin ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Background: Vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breast fed infants was increasing in young infants. Many studies were done previously but still the data on vitamin D status of healthy term infants are scanty. Hence the present study was done to determine the prevalence of subclinical vitamin D deficiency among exclusively breast fed babies by estimating the serum levels of relevant parameters.Methods: The present descriptive study included 40 babies that are exclusively breast fed healthy term babies with birth weight >2.5kg. After collection of complete demographic and antenatal data, serum was collected from all the babies to estimate serum levels of vitamin D (25OH-D3) and calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase.Results: Out of 40 babies, vitamin D deficiency was found in 33 (83%) babies. Of them, hypocalcaemia was seen in 13 (39.3%) infants. Raised ALP was noticed in all babies with a mean value of 464.97 IU/L. Phosphorus levels were normal in all babies with a mean value of 6.12 mg/ml.  Serum 25 OH vitamin D3 levels were low (mean-10.02 ng/ml) and mean calcium was 8.81 mg/dl.Conclusions: Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found to be high in exclusively breastfed babies with hypocalcemia in 39% of babies and associated seizure in one baby in this study.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status in exclusively breastfed infants and their mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1675
Author(s):  
C. R. Vignesh Kumaran ◽  
K. V. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Suresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Tropical Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in exclusively breastfed infants was found to be 82%, 52% and 20 % from UAE, Pakistan and China respectively but there is a paucity of data from India regarding the same.Methods: Prevalence of subclinical Hypovitaminosis D in exclusive breastfed babies and their mothers. This study was a descriptive study conducted among breastfed infants and their mothers to reconnoitre the vitamin D level status. All exclusively breast fed healthy term babies with birth weight >2.5 kg who are less than 6 months of age and its mothers. The existence of correlation in the mean vitamin D level between the exclusively breastfed mothers and its infants.Results: The infants status of vitamin D deficiency and insufficient was 91.9% and 8.1% respectively. The mothers status of vitamin D deficiency and insufficient was 78.3% and 21.7% respectively.Conclusions: Hypovitaminosis D was highly prevalent among mothers living in tropical area irrespective of diet habits or socioeconomic group. There was a significant positive correlation in the mean Vitamin D level of the mothers and their exclusively breastfed infants.

scholarly journals POS1250 VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IS MAINLY ASSOCIATED WITH SEVERE LUNG INVOLVEMENT, LONGER DISEASE DURATION AND RISK OF DEATH IN ELDERLY COVID-19 PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 908.2-908
Author(s):  
A. Sulli ◽  
E. Gotelli ◽  
A. Casabella ◽  
M. Grosso ◽  
C. Schenone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Severe Lung

Background:Vitamin D regulates the innate and adaptive immune system responses and low vitamin D levels have been associated with the increased risk of respiratory tract infections (1). Vitamin D deficiency has been recently reported to interfere with the prognosis of COVID-19 (2,3).Objectives:The aim of this study was to correlate the 25OH-vitamin D serum levels with lung involvement and disease severity, in a cohort of elderly patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods:Sixty-five COVID-19 patients (mean age 76±13 years) and sixty-five sex- and age-matched control subjects (CNT) were included in the study. Respiratory parameters (PaO2, SO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2), clinical and laboratory parameters (including 25OH-vitamin D, D-dimer, C-reactive protein) and type of radiological pulmonary involvement were collected at hospital admission. Statistical analysis was performed by non-parametric tests.Results:Vitamin D sufficiency (>30 ng/ml), insufficiency (between 20 and 30 ng/ml), deficiency (between 10 and 20 ng/ml) and severe deficiency (<10 ng/ml) were observed respectively in 11, 11, 21 and 57 % of COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D serum levels were found significantly lower in COVID-19 patients than in CNT (median 8 vs 16 ng/ml, p=0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between vitamin D serum levels and SO2 (p=0.05), PaO2 (p=0.03), PaO2/FiO2 (p=0.02). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D serum levels and severity of radiologic pulmonary involvement: vitamin D was significantly lower in COVID-19 patients with either diffuse/severe interstitial lung involvement (p=0.05) or multiple lung consolidations (p=0.0001) than in those with mild radiological lung involvement. Significantly lower vitamin D serum levels were found in COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization, compared to those who survived (median 3 vs 8 ng/ml, p=0.05). Finally, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D serum levels and D-dimer (p=0.04), C-reactive protein (p=0.04) and disease duration (p=0.05).Conclusion:This study confirms that severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with more severe lung involvement, longer disease duration and risk of death in elderly COVID-19 patients.References:[1]Cutolo M, et al. RMD Open. 2020; 6(3):e001454.[2]Bilezikian JP, et al. Eur J Endocrinol. 2020; 183(5):R133-R147.[3]Weir EK, et al. Clin Med (Lond). 2020; 20:e107-e108.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Vitamin D Deficiency among Young South African Infants: A Birth Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Jabulani R. Ncayiyana ◽  
Leonardo Martinez ◽  
Elizabeth Goddard ◽  
Landon Myer ◽  
Heather J. Zar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Young Infants

Early-life vitamin D deficiency is associated with adverse child health outcomes, but the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its correlates in infants remains underexplored, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its correlates among young infants in South Africa. This study included 744 infants, aged 6–10 weeks from the Drakenstein Child Health Study, a population-based birth cohort. Infants were categorized into distinct categories based on serum 25(OH)D concentration level including deficient (<50 nmol/L), insufficient (50–74 nmol/L), and sufficient (≥75 nmol/L). Using multivariable Tobit and logistic regression models, we examined the correlates of serum 25(OH)D3 levels. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 81% (95% confidence intervals (CI]) 78–83). Multivariable regression analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D3 concentration was independently associated with study site, socioeconomic status, and sex. Birth in winter and breastfeeding were the strongest predictors of lower serum 25(OH)D3 concentration levels. Compared to non-breastfed children, children breastfed were at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency (AOR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04–3.67) and breastfeeding for more than one month was associated with greater likelihood of vitamin D deficiency (AOR, 5.40; 95% CI, 2.37–12.32) and lower vitamin D concentrations (−16.22 nmol/L; 95% CI, −21.06, −11.39). Vitamin D deficiency in infants is ubiquitous, under-recognised, and strongly associated with season of birth and breastfeeding in this setting. Nutritional interventions with vitamin D supplementation in national health programs in low- and middle-income countries are urgently needed to improve early-life vitamin D status in infants.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D in Association with Age, Inflammatory Cytokines, Anthropometric Parameters, and Lifestyle Factors in Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor ◽  
Elena C. Castillo ◽  
Carlos Rodríguez-López ◽  
José R. Villarreal-Calderón ◽  
Merit Gómez-Carmona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

Vitamin D deficiency is present even in sunny regions. Ageing decreases pre-vitamin D production in the skin and is associated with altered cytokine profile. We performed a multivariate analysis considering lifestyle factors, anthropometric, and inflammatory markers according to seasonal variation in Mexican healthy older adults. The same cohort was followed during 12 months. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was found in 91.3% of the subjects despite living in appropriate latitude (25°40′0″N). 25(OH)D levels remained below <30 ng/mL through all seasons. Vitamin D deficiency did not correlate to sun exposure or dietary intake. Gender was the strongest associated factor, explaining a variance of 20%. Waist circumference (WC) greater than 88 cm was a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. Age (>74 years) combined with WC (>88 cm) and BMI (>32.7) showed a high probability (90%) of vitamin D deficiency. Remarkably, an increase in one centimeter in WC decreased 25(OH)D by 0.176 ng/mL, while an increase in one point BMI decreased 25(OH)D by 0.534 ng/mL. A cutoff point of 74 years of age determined probability of vitamin D hipovitaminosis. Vitamin D deficiency was correlated with TNF-αserum levels, possibly increasing the susceptibility of older adults to a proinflammatory state and its related diseases.

scholarly journals Craniotabes in Normal Newborns: The Earliest Sign of Subclinical Vitamin D Deficiency

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1784-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Yorifuji ◽  
Tohru Yorifuji ◽  
Kenji Tachibana ◽  
Shizuyo Nagai ◽  
Masahiko Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Intact Pth ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
Normal Neonates ◽  
Breast Fed

Abstract Context: Craniotabes in otherwise normal neonates has been regarded as physiological and left untreated. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of craniotabes in normal neonates. Design and Setting: Newborn screening of craniotabes was conducted at the single largest obstetrical facility in Kyoto, Japan. Follow-up study at 1 month was conducted at Kyoto University Hospital. Subjects: A total of 1120 consecutive normal Japanese neonates born in May, 2006, through April, 2007, were included in the study. Main Outcome Measures: The incidence of craniotabes was scored each month. Neonates with craniotabes were followed up at 1 month with measurements of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), intact PTH, 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD), urinary calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, and hand x-rays. Results: Craniotabes was present in 246 (22.0%) neonates, and the incidence had obvious seasonal variations, highest in April-May and lowest in November. At 1 month, infants with craniotabes had significantly higher serum ALP compared with normal neonates; 6.9% of them had elevated intact PTH over 60 pg/ml, and 37.3% had 25-OHD less than 10 ng/ml. When separately analyzed according to the method of feeding, 56.9% of breast-fed infants showed 25-OHD less than 10 ng/ml, whereas none of formula/mixed-fed infants did, and breast-fed infants had significantly higher serum PTH and ALP compared with formula/mixed-fed infants. Summary: These results suggest that craniotabes in normal neonates is associated with vitamin D deficiency in utero, and the deficiency persists at 1 month in many of them, especially when breast-fed.

scholarly journals Relation of serum 25(OH) D with variables of thyroid and lipid profile in perimenopausal women

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Poonam Rani ◽  
Seema Gupta ◽  
Gaurav Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Perimenopausal Women

Background: Deficiency of vitamin D is quite prevalent among elderly population or postmenopausal women worldwide and may affect various function of the body. The status of its deficiency with their relation with other variables are not well explored in perimenopausal women.Methods: 100 perimenopausal women from the department of obstetrics and gynaecology were selected without having known risk of thyroid disorder and cardiovascular disease. The age group criteria for these women were 40 to 50 years. Thyroid profile including TSH, T3, and T4 were estimated by using enzyme linked immunesorbent assay. Serum levels of 25(OH) D3 was estimated by using spectrophotometric method. Lipid profile including TC, TG and HDL-C were estimated CHOD-POD method, GPO-PAP method, and CHOD-POD/Phosphotungustate method. LDL-C was calculated by friedewald formula.Results: There 58 women were presented with insufficient amount of vitamin D. They were characterised with increased BMI, elevated thyrotropin alongwith lower concentrations of T3 and T4. Increased levels of TC, TG and LDL-cholesterol alongwith lower concentration of HDL-C were also observed in women with vitamin d deficiency. Women having vitamin D deficiency were presented with overweight (OR-18.0, p-value=<0.001) and dyslipidemia (OR-12.13, p-value≤0.001). Vitamin D was negatively correlated with variable i.e. BMI, TSH, TC, TG and LDL-C. This negative association was significant (<0.001) while HDL-C and T4 were positively correlated with vitamin D levels in this study population.Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency frequently occurs in middle aged perimenopausal women. Negative correlation of it with BMI, TSH and lipid variables may suggest the development of cardiovascular disease and hypothyroidism in coming years. Vitamin D supplements or vitamin D containing diet and regular exposure to sun is highly recommended to perimenopausal women.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Level of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency and Pulmonary Function in Healthy Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Maryam Moghaddassi ◽  
Marzieh Pazoki ◽  
Ahmad Salimzadeh ◽  
Tayeb Ramim ◽  
Zahra Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Background. Besides the extensive regulatory role in growing number of biologic processes, vitamin D has been recently considered essential for lungs function as well as protective against exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. We assessed the correlation between vitamin D serum levels with pulmonary function in healthy individuals. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, healthy volunteer (n=92) participants underwent the following laboratory procedures: a blood test, a 24-hour urine collection test, and the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D before undergoing spirometry. Linear correlation coefficient was calculated to detect the association between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and pulmonary volumes. Results. The mean age of participants was 39.95±9.98 years. 48% of participants showed different levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency. We recognized a consistent direct positive correlation between serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lung function volumes. The coefficient for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced expiratory flow 25–75%, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio were 0.610, 0.509, 0.454, and 0.551, respectively. Conclusions. Our findings suggest correlation between higher serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and improved pulmonary function. Accordingly, supplemental vitamin D might significantly improve treatment response.

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