scholarly journals Changes in the physiological parameters of newborns in the first one hour of life

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533
Author(s):  
Shasidhar Reddy Y. ◽  
Abdul Mohid Syed ◽  
Gangadhar B. Belavadi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: The transition from a fetus to a newborn is the most complex adaptation that occurs in human experience. This study assessed three physiological parameters viz. temperature (core and peripheral), oxygen saturation and heart rate so as to avoid the delay in normal transitional adaptation.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done at Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 150 neonates born from June 2017 to February 2018 were monitored for heart rate, oxygen saturation, core and peripheral temperature from birth to 60 minutes.Results: Most of the mother’s (45.33%) were aged between 22 to 25 years and the mean age was 23.75±3.64 years. History of consanguineous marriage was noted in 33.33%. The mode of delivery was vaginal in 70.67% of the babies. The mean gestational age was 38.74±1.36 weeks. The birth weight among 62% of the babies was between 2.5 to 3.49 Kgs and mean birth weight was 2.81±0.49 kgs. The meconium stained liquor and requirement of resuscitation was noted in 9.33% and 10.67% respectively.Conclusions: Significant difference was noted with regard to heart rate in babies with active resuscitation, low birth weight (<2.5 kg), meconium stained liquor and warmer care compared to normal babies. There was variation in oxygen saturation in babies who required resuscitation and warmer care, and those who had low birth weight. The mean peripheral and core temperature were different in babies with abdominal care compared to warmer care.

scholarly journals Kangaroo position: Immediate effects on the physiological variables of preterm and low birth weight newborns

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Érica Cesário Defilipo ◽  
Paula Silva de Carvalho Chagas ◽  
Caroline Chaves Lessa Nogueira ◽  
Geisiane Pereira Ananias ◽  
Andrea Januário da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Axillary Temperature ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Physiological Variables

Abstract Introduction: The Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method is a significant neonatal alternative that ensures better quality humanized care for preterm and low birth weight newborns. Objective: To analyze the immediate physiological effects of the kangaroo position in critically ill newborns. Methods: Open clinical trial with parallel interventions, involving preterm (up to 28 days old) low or very low birth weight newborns (minimum weight of 1,250 grams) of both sexes, that were clinically stable and undergoing enteral nutrition. The degree of respiratory distress was assessed and quantified using the Silverman-Anderson scoring system. Heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation were collected using a pulse oximeter. Respiratory rate was determined by auscultation for one minute. The newborns were submitted to the kangaroo position once only, for 90 minutes. Results: Participants were 30 newborns, 56.7% of which were girls. Comparison of the variables before and after application of the kangaroo position using the Wilcoxon test showed a statistically significant reduction in respiratory rate (p = 0.02) and Silverman-Anderson score (p < 0.01). The remaining variables showed no significant differences: heart rate (p = 0.21), peripheral oxygen saturation (p = 0.26) and axillary temperature (p = 0.12). Conclusion: There was a decline in the respiratory rate and Silverman-Anderson score after application of the kangaroo position, while peripheral oxygen saturation, axillary temperature and heart rate remained stable.

scholarly journals Oxygen Saturation in Neonate after Birth

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Ajmery Sultana Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Spo2 ◽  
Birth Preterm

Background: Oxygen saturation measures the quantity of haemoglobin in the blood that is saturated with oxygen. Hemoglobin is a component of red blood cells that binds oxygen and transports it to outlying tissues. Oxygen is commonly used throughout the world in neonatal units. Injudicious use of Oxygen may not maintain appropriate oxygen status rather can lead to hypoxemia or hyperoxemia, both of the conditions are injurious to neonatal health. Objective: To assess the oxygen saturation in neonate after birth.Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Neonatology BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, Lab Aid Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2013 to March 2014. A total 317 patients were selected according to selection criteria. The parents were interviewed with a specific pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and some information were gathered by document review. All neonate both term and late preterm (˃34weeks) who would not be anticipated for resuscitation was included.Results:A total 317 neonate were selected according to selection criteria. Among the study subjects more than half were male (57.1%). Rests were female (42.9%). Average gestational age of the study subjects was 37.47± 1.16 (SD) with the range of 34-40. On the other hand average birth weight was 2.88±0.46 (SD) with the minimum birth weight 2.0 kg and maximum weight 4.2 kg. Illustrates the median (IQR) heart rate from one to ten min for preterm versus term births. At one to three minutes and at five minutes after birth preterm infants had significantly lower SpO2 measurements. From six to 10 minutes after birth and four minutes after birth there was no significant difference between SpO2 measurements for mode of delivery. Paired sample t test showed that average SpO2 was less in 1 minute[88.42±4.8(SD)] than in 5 minute [94.25±3.5(SD)] and statistically this differences were highly significant (t=24.44, p=0.000). Pearson correlation showed high positive correlation (p=0.000) and correlation co-efficient r=0.479. Correlation was significant at the 0.01 level.Conclusion:It is “normal” to have low oxygen saturation measurements in the first minutes after birth. It takes time for infants to reach oxygen saturation levels described as “normal” in the later postnatal period. Oxygen saturation increased with time i.e., it was more in 5 minutes than in 1 minute and similarly more in 10 minutes than in 5 minutes. Conversely heart rate was found more in one minute than to five and ten minutes. Oxygen saturation was ≥ 90% within 3 to 4 minutes. Significant changes were found in Oxygen saturation by mode of delivery in three minutes & in heart rate by two minutes after birth. At one to ten minutes after birth preterm infants had lower SpO2 measurements.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Hydrokinesiotherapy in Hospitalized Preterm Newborns

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welcy Cassiano de Oliveira Tobinaga ◽  
Cirlene de Lima Marinho ◽  
Vera Lucia Barros Abelenda ◽  
Paula Morisco de Sá ◽  
Agnaldo José Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preterm Newborns ◽  
Short Term Effects

Background. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment, preterm newborns are subject to environmental stress and numerous painful interventions. It is known that hydrokinesiotherapy promotes comfort and reduces stress because of the physiological properties of water.Objective. To evaluate the short-term effects of hydrokinesiotherapy on reducing stress in preterm newborns admitted to the NICU.Materials and Methods. Fifteen preterm newborns underwent salivary cortisol measurement, pain evaluation using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), and heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation measurements before and after the application of hydrokinesiotherapy.Results. The mean gestational age of the newborns was34.2±1.66weeks, and the mean weight was1823.3±437.4 g. Immediately after application of hydrokinesiotherapy, a significant reduction was observed in salivary cortisol(p=0.004), heart rate(p=0.003), and respiratory rate(p=0.004)and a significant increase was observed in peripheral oxygen saturation(p=0.002). However, no significant difference was observed in the NIPS score(p>0.05).Conclusion. In the present study, neonatal hydrotherapy promoted short-term relief from feelings of stress. Neonatal hydrokinesiotherapy may be a therapeutic alternative. However, this therapy needs to be studied in randomized, crossover, and blinded trials. This trial is registered withNCT02707731.

scholarly journals Effect of Kangaroo mother care on physiological parameters in low birth weight neonates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Ankit Ranjan ◽  
Sushma Malik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Arterial Oxygen

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) babies require special care as they suffer from several handicaps, including maintenance of temperature, feeding, adequate weight gain and optimum neurobehavioral adaptation to the external environment. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is an important modality that helps in the easy transition of the newborn infant to the outside world and overcomes the above problems. This study was planned to assess the effect of KMC on physiological parameters of low birth weight neonates, in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a single-centered prospective observational quasi-experimental study conducted over a period of 18 months on 70 eligible LBW neonates. The arterial oxygen saturation, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean), heart rate and respiratory rate of the neonates were noted. The readings at 1 hour and 2 hours after KMC were compared with that of the reading at 10 minutes prior to initiating KMC to assess the changes in the mentioned physiological parameters.Results: Analysis suggested statistically significant improvement in the arterial oxygen saturation and stabilization of the systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate with institution of KMC. There was better improvement in the physiological parameters on increasing the duration of KMC from one hour to two hours and these changes were statistically significant.Conclusions: LBW neonates receiving KMC showed significant improvement in oxygen saturation and blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate.

scholarly journals Changes in pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Ranjbar ◽  
Leila Allahqoli ◽  
Soheila Ahmadi ◽  
Robab Mousavi ◽  
Maryam Gharacheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The Covid-19 pandemic response is influencing maternal and neonatal health care services especially in developing countries. However, the indirect effects of Covid-19 on pregnancy outcomes remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare pregnancy outcomes before and after the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 2,503 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies, admitted to the maternity department of a women’s hospital in Tehran, Iran, during the pre-Covid-19 pandemic (February 19 to April 19, 2019) and the intra-Covid- 19 pandemic (February 19 to April 19, 2020) period. Results We included 2,503 women admitted to the hospital; 1,287 (51.4 %) were admitted before the Covid-19 lockdown and 1,216 (48.6 %) during the Covid-19 lockdown. There were no significant differences in stillbirth rates (p = 0.584) or pregnancy complications (including preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension and gestational diabetes) (p = 0.115) between pregnant women in the pre- and intra-pandemic periods. However, decreases in preterm births (p = 0.001), and low birth weight (p = 0.005) were observed in the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period. No significant difference in the mode of delivery, and no maternal deaths were observed during the two time periods. Conclusions In our study we observed a decrease in preterm births and low birth weight, no change in stillbirths, and a rise in the admission rates of mothers to the ICU during the initial Covid-19 lockdown period compared to pre-Covid-19 lockdown period. Further research will be needed to devise plan for immediate post-pandemic care and future health care crises.

scholarly journals The incidence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in term newborn babies weighing more than two kilograms

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽  
Ezhilarasu Ramalingam ◽  
Mani Madhavan Sachithanantha Moorthi ◽  
Balakrishnan Nadesan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parity Mode

Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common metabolic problem especially in cases like prematurity, sepsis and small gestational age. Episodes of asymptomatic hypoglycemia may occur due to many risk factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in term new born babies weighing more than 2 kg, to study the plasma sugar level at various time points during first 48 hours of life and to study the effect of maternal factors like parity, mode of delivery, glucose infusion during labour, and time since last feed on plasma sugar level.Methods: A hospital based longitudinal study was conducted over a period of one year from April 2005 to March 2006 in Kilpauk Medical College Hospital, Chennai. 400 babies born of consecutive deliveries were included in the study. Their plasma glucose levels were assessed in cord blood, 3 hr, 12 hr and 36 hr of life. Plasma glucose levels were analysed with regards to distribution, variables like parity, mode of delivery, dextrose infusion during labour and time since last feed. The plasma glucose levels were statistically analysed by paired student ‘t’ test, multiple analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi- square test using SPSS (version 7.5) statistical package.Results: The overall incidence of hypoglycemia was seen in 20% of the neonate’s in which 29.7% in small gestational age (SGA) and 16.7% in appropriate gestational age (AGA) babies. A significant (p <0.01) association between hypoglycemia and birth weight was observed. The association between hypoglycemia with parity, mode of delivery, sex of the baby and glucose infusion received by the mother was studied, but no significant association was found. A significant difference in plasma glucose based on birth weight at 3rd hour, 12th hour and 36th hour was observed (p <0.05). None of the infants showed any clinical signs of hypoglycemia.Conclusions: The incidence of hypoglycemia was noted in 20% of the neonates. Low birth weight was considered as risk factor. A significant association was also observed between plasma glucose, mode of delivery and time since last fed. 

scholarly journals Changes of Cognitive Ability and Circulatory Physiological Parameters Among Adolescents Moving From Altitudes of 3600 m to 500 m in China: A 50-Day Follow up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Cirenyangzong - ◽  
Jianhong Gong ◽  
Dejiquzong - ◽  
Puzhen - ◽  
Luobuzhandui - ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Altitude

Background: Travelling across altitude is increasing these days. The effects of travelling from high to low altitude on cognitive and physiological parameters of native highlander adolescents is not clear. The present study aimed to measure the changes of cognitive ability and circulatory physiological parameters when Tibetan adolescents move from high to low altitude, and to test the association between cognitive function change and changes in circulatory parameters.Method: General fluid intelligence, oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentration, heart rate and blood pressure of 71 Tibetan adolescents were measured twice, initially at Lhasa city (altitude 3600 m) and again 50 days after arriving at Chengdu (altitude 500 m).Results: The mean intelligence scores remained unchanged when students moved from high to low altitude. However, the mean hemoglobin concentration, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate decreased while mean oxygen saturation and systolic blood pressure increased. No associations between change of intelligence and changes of circulatory physiological parameters were detected.Conclusions: Travelling from high to low altitude altered the mean value of circulatory physiological parameters but not cognition of Tibetan adolescents. Change of cognitive function was not associated with changes in physiological parameters.

Antenatal Azithromycin to Prevent Preterm Birth in Pregnant women with Vaginal Cerclage. A Randomized Controlled Trial

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Hassan Mostafa ◽  
Sherif Ahmed Ashoush ◽  
Hassan Awwad Bayoumy ◽  
Wessam Kamal Lotfy Gabr
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

Abstract Background Preterm birth with its complications is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal morbidity, especially in low and middle-income countries. Cervical cerclage is a well-established preventive tool in women at high risk of preterm birth; however, subclinical maternal infection might still cause failure of this method. Thus, adding prophylactic antibiotics, namely macrolides, could prevent preterm birth. Patients and methods This was a randomized controlled clinical trial involving two groups of women who underwent vaginal cerclage at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. One group received azithromycin 500mg one tablet orally once daily for 3 days every month from 14th week to 34th week gestation, in addition to routine antenatal care; while the other group received usual antenatal care without antibiotic prophylaxis after cerclage. Follow-up was done and we compared the outcomes in each group: gestational age at delivery, birth weight, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and perinatal complications. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04278937. Results Gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in the azithromycin group (36.8weeks vs 34.1weeks; P = 0.017), with significant prolongation of gestation in the azithromycin group (23.7weeks vs 21.1weeks; P = 0.005). As regards birth weight, it was significantly higher in the azithromycin group (2932.6gm vs 2401.8gm; P = 0.006); however babies with low birth weight (birth weight &lt;2500gm) were non-significantly less frequent in the azithromycin group (3cases vs 7cases; P = 0.165). There was no significant difference between the two groups as regards other outcomes (miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, antepartum hemorrhage, postpartum pyrexia, need for blood transfusion). Conclusion Adding azithromycin as antenatal prophylaxis in women undergoing vaginal cerclage prolongs pregnancy and reduces risk of PTB, with slight increase in birth weight. However, there was no clear effect on incidence of low birth weight, or perinatal morbidity/mortality.

Effectiveness of video game on bio- physiological parameters during intravenous cannulation among preschool children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jaya Rackini ◽  
A. Shanmugapriya ◽  
Anita David
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Paediatric Ward ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

AbstractBackgroundHospitalization is a completely new experience for infants and young children; they are too young to understand the stress of hospitalization. Distractions or diversions seek to divert the child’s attention to interesting or challenging tasks to draw attention away from painful or distressful medical procedure. Therefore, the present study assesses the effectiveness of video game on bio-physiological parameters during intravenous cannulation among preschool children admitted in paediatric ward.MethodsA randomized true experimental research design was used to assess the effectiveness of video game technique on pain and bio-physiological parameters during Intravenous Cannulation among preschool children admitted in paediatric ward at Sri Ramachandra Hospital in Chennai. The collected data were grouped and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, to assess the effectiveness of video games.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the mean score of oxygen saturation of post-test compare to pre-test for both groups. The number of children feeling severe pain was more in the control group during intervention and this difference was highly significant. Oxygen saturation was more in control but not significant, but the heart rate was significantly higher in control group during intervention. There was no association during pre- post-test and oxygen saturation, with selected demographic variables of the preschool children in both groups, apart from the fact that children from low income group had significant low heart rate during pre- and post-testDiscussionVideo game is an effective method in reducing pain in children undergoing intravenous cannulation. In this framework, the intervention (showing video game) reduced perception of pain and changes in bio-physiological parameters such as, heart rate and oxygen saturation, during intravenous cannulation.

scholarly journals Comparative study of early neonatal outcome in low birth weight babies in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies with the mode of delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Sivajyothi Pilli ◽  
Kavitha Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Survival Advantage ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Significant Difference

Pregnancy induced Hypertension (PIH) is strongly associated with intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW) and admission to NICU. PIH is not by itself an indication for caesarean delivery. However, the incidence of caesarean is high because of the development of complications in mother and the need to deliver prematurely. To compare the immediate morbidity and survival advantage of LBW vertex presenting babies with the mode of delivery in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancies. This was a comparative cross-sectional study done on women admitted to the labour ward during the study period with PIH delivering a baby through either a vaginal delivery or a caesarean section with a birthweight of &#60;2.5kgs. A detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. Babies were followed up for one week following delivery to note down the early neonatal outcome. In this study, over all there was no statistically significant difference in neonatal outcome in both vaginal delivery and caesarean section groups. However, there was slight increased incidence of prematurity (68% vs 64%), Birth Asphyxia (14% vs 8%), Sepsis (8% vs 6%), IVH (6% vs 2%) and Hyperbilirubinemia (16% vs 14%) in vaginal delivery group. While, RDS (20% vs 14%) and NEC (4% vs 2%) had higher incidence in caesarean delivery group. Overall, prematurity and IUGR resulting in LBW, contributed to these neonatal complications. Caesarean delivery offers no short-term survival advantage compared with vaginal delivery for LBW vertex presenting foetuses in PIH patients. Neonatal outcomes are not worsened by spontaneous or induced vaginal delivery in women with hypertension with good control and also decreases morbidity due to caesarean section to the mother.

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