Correlations between clinical features and CD4 cell count in HIV patients with tuberculosis

Background: The correlation between tuberculosis and HIV is evident from the higher incidents of tuberculosis estimated 5-8% per year among HIV infected person with lesser CD4cell count. The high seroprevalence with tuberculosis in occurrence among AIDS patients.Methods: 100 HIV positive patients with tuberculosis who were admitted to medicine department and who visited to ARTS center were taken up for study for period of two years from December 2014 to 2016. Type of study is a observational comparative cross sectional study The investigation for HIV and TB were done as per NACO and WHO recommendation ELISA test CD4 cell counts AFB staining chest X-ray FNAC Mountoux test pleural fluid analysis Ascitic fluid analysis CSF fluid analysis USG of thorax CT scan of thorax.Results: It is seen that the maximum number of patients belong to the age group 31-40 years male 40 (40%) and female 4(4%) the common occupation in the study group was driver 36 (36%) the common constitutional symptom was weight loss physical examination reveal underweight (BMI <16-18.5) 54 (54%) among the study extra-pulmonary TB 63 (63%) X-ray chest finding pleural effusion found in 21% of patients CD4 cell counts 200-500 /µl was seen maximum number of patients.Conclusions: The CD4cell counts is important investigation in HIV and TB patients it is main investigation to know prognosis of HIV also important for initiation of ARV drugs.it is evident from this study the decrease the CD4cell counts there is increase the incidence of tuberculosis.

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Correlations between clinical features and CD4 cell count in HIV patients with tuberculosis

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203//2349-3933.ijam20182926 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Bariha P. K. ◽

Karua P. C. ◽

Tudu K. M.

Keyword(s):

Constitutional Symptom ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

X Ray ◽

Fluid Analysis ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Common ◽

Cd4 Cell

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A Model and Risk Score for Predicting Nevirapine-Associated Rash among HIV-infected Patients: In Settings of Low CD4 Cell Counts and Resource Limitation§

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613600903010024 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul ◽

Somnuek Sungkanuparph ◽

Kumthorn Malathum ◽

Siriorn Watcharananan ◽

Boonmee Sathapatayavongs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Common Adverse Effect ◽

Resource Limitation ◽

Characteristic Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell

Background: Rash is the most common adverse effect associated with nevirapine (NVP). We aimed to develop a model and risk score for predicting NVP-associated rash among HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell counts. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted and 383 HIV-infected patients consecutively enrolled in the study. Results: Of 222 patients in the training set, 116 (52.2%) were males and median (IQR) age was 35.2 (31.1-42.0) years. Median (IQR) CD4 cell count was 104 (35-225) cells/mm3. Of these, 72 and 150 patients were in “rash” and “no rash” group, respectively. Four factors were independently associated with rash: a history of drug allergy (odds ratio (OR) 4.01, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.75-9.20, P = 0.001), body weight <55 kg. (OR 2.02, 95% CI, 1.09-3.76, p = 0.026), not receiving slow dose escalation (OR 2.00, 95% CI, 1.06-3.77, p = 0.032), and no concomitant drug(s) (OR 2.48, 95% CI, 1.32-4.64, p = 0.005). Receiver-operator characteristic analysis yielded area under the curve of 71% and the goodness-offit statistics was 6.48 (p = 0.840). The variables were given scores of 14, 7, 7 and 9, respectively. A cutoff >21 points defined the high risk individuals which yielded specificity and positive predictive value of 99% and 69%, respectively, with OR of 3.96 (95% CI, 1.79-8.86, p = 0.001). Conclusions: A model and risk score for predicting NVP-associated rash performed well in this study population. It might be useful for predicting the risk of rash before NVP initiation among HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell counts.

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Association between Sex, CD4 Cell Counts, Antiretroviral Medications, and Olfactory and Gustatory Functions of HIV-Infected Adults

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599817733664 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 158 (1) ◽

pp. 90-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ayotunde James Fasunla ◽

Ukamaka Nwankwo ◽

Ayodeji Matthew Adebayo ◽

Onyekwere George Nwaorgu

Keyword(s):

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Viral Loads ◽

Highly Active ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell

Objective To investigate the olfactory and gustatory functions of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected adults in Ibadan, Nigeria. Study Design A cross-sectional study of olfactory and gustatory functions of HIV-infected adults between March 2015 and December 2015. Setting Tertiary health institution. Subjects and Methods A structured questionnaire was administered to participants to obtain relevant sociodemographic and clinical information. Participants’ nadir and most recent CD4 cell count and viral loads were obtained from their medical records. Participants’ body mass indices were determined, and each subjectively rated their olfactory and gustatory performances. Objective olfactory and gustatory functions were determined using validated “Sniffin’ Sticks” and “Taste Strips” impregnated with 4 different concentrations of sucrose, quinine hydrochloride, sodium chloride, and citric acid. Results In total, 135 HIV-infected adults, comprising 41 (30.4%) men and 94 (69.6%) women, were evaluated. Their ages ranged from 20 to 70 years, mean 43.4 ± 10.4 years. Participants were on highly active antiretroviral therapy for a mean duration of 75.8 ± 36.9 months. The proportions of male participants in HIV stages 1, 2, and 3 were 18 (43.9%), 19 (46.3%), and 4 (9.8%), respectively, while female participants were 46 (48.9%), 41 (43.6%), and 7 (7.4%), respectively. Participants’ mean olfactory threshold, discrimination, identification, and TDI scores were 8.0 ± 4.9, 9.9 ± 4.7, 8.8 ± 4.5, and 26.7 ± 11.1, respectively, while total taste score was 25.1 ± 5.7. Conclusion HIV-infected adults have tendency to develop hyposmia and hypogeusia. These are worse with advanced stage of HIV infection.

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Korelasi Jumlah CD4 Pasien Yang Diberi Isoniazid Dengan Ko-infeksi TB Pada Pasien HIV/AIDS

ARTERI : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37148/arteri.v1i4.82 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 284-290

Author(s):

Niken Ayu Farida Salim ◽

Zulfian ◽

Neno Fitriyani Hasbie ◽

Arif Effendi

Keyword(s):

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Tb Treatment ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Latent Tb Infection ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv Aids

The interaction between TB and HIV infection is complex. In HIV-infected individuals, this situation will decrease the immune system and increase vulnerability to TB incidence. HIV causes reactivation, reinfection, and progression of latent TB infection to active tuberculosis. It also led to differences in the clinical presentation of TB in HIV patients, complications, and response to anti-TB treatment than in HIV negative patients. The purpose of this study To Know Correlation CD4 counts in patients with HIV / AIDS in hospitals Dr.H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province 2018. Research methods: cross-sectional approach, in which several variables tested in this research object data got from the medical record. Analysis of the data used is the Mann-Whitney statistical test. Research The total sample of 160 medical records of patients seen that the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0,000. Half of this significance value ½ (0.000) is <0.05. It can be concluded that reject H0 and Ha accepted, which implies a significant difference in CD4 cell counts in patients given isoniazid as TB prevention with patients TB co-infection. With all forces, correlation means that their relationship CD4 cell counts in patients given isoniazid to prevent TB and TB co-infection. There is a significant relationship between CD4 cell count in patients who given isoniazid for the prevention of TB and TB co-infection in HIV / AIDS patients in hospitals Dr.H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province 2018.

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Factors associated with late presentation of HIV infection in Catalonia, Spain

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/ijsa.2011.011280 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 475-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

N Vives ◽

D Carnicer-Pont ◽

P Garcia De Olalla ◽

N Camps ◽

A Esteve ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Late Presentation ◽

Late Diagnosis ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Hiv Surveillance ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Populations At Risk ◽

Cd4 Cell

We sought to describe the prevalence, trends and factors associated with late diagnosis of HIV infection between 2001 and 2008 in Catalonia, Spain. Adults over 13 years of age with available CD4 cell counts, who were notified to the Catalonia Voluntary HIV Surveillance System between January 2001 and December 2008, were included in the study. Late presentation for HIV infection was defined as a CD4 cell count <350 cells/μL or with an AIDS-defining condition at presentation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with late diagnosis of HIV. Of the 4651 newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals with available CD4 counts, 2598 (55.9%) were diagnosed late. The proportion of people with a late diagnosis decreased from 60.4% in 2001 to 50% in 2008, a significant trend ( P < 0.001). Older age, male gender, foreign birth, heterosexuality and injecting drug use were independent risk factors for late diagnosis. Strategies to actively promote HIV testing to populations at risk of late diagnosis of HIV or those never attending health systems should be implemented.

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The correlation of tuberculosis smear results and immuno-suppression with CD4+ counts as a surrogate marker among HIV infected patients.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1060928/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kingsley Kamvuma ◽

Yusuf ademola ◽

Warren Chanda ◽

Christopher Newton Phiri ◽

Sam Bezza Phiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Count ◽

Surrogate Marker ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Study Participants ◽

Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and M.tuberculosis are two intracellular pathogens that interact at the cellular, clinical and population levels. Since the recognition of AIDS in 1981, the number of reported cases of TB in the has increased substantially, especially in regions with high incidence of AIDS. The main aim of this study was to establish weather there is a relationship between sputum smear positives and low CD4 cell counts among HIV infected patients.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study involving 473 participants. The patients recruited in this study were those who tested HIV positive and smear positive for TB. Their HIV status was determined by performing an HIV blood test, if they were HIV positive their CD4 cell count were then made.Results: This study examined the relation between smear positivity and low CD4 (below 200cells/µl) together with CD8 and CD3 markers as a measure of immune function among patients infected with HIV. The study participants’ constituted males 67% and females 33%. The overall mean age was 33.2 (SD 6.9) with the youngest and oldest participants being 18 and 60 respectively. It was found that smear positive results negatively (r=-0.13; p=0.021) correlated with CD4+ below 200 cells/µl. No correlation was observed between smear positives and CD8+ or CD3+ since the calculated correlation coefficient was not significant 0.007 (p=0.9) and 0.03 (p=0.6) respectively. There are more 3+ smear results below 200 cells/µl than the others while above 200 cells/µl 1+ was the most commonly reported smear result. The scanty smear positives were the least commonly reported result in the low and high CD4 counts. Conclusion: The smear positive result negatively correlated with a low CD4+ (r=-0.13; p=0.021) but no correlation with low CD+8 and CD+3 results was observed. The long held theory that low bacillary counts in patients with low CD4+ counts needs to be revisited. The reduction of CD4+ cell count parallels' that of the total lymphocyte count and is more marked in patients with high bacillary counts. Further, studies are required to confirm these findings

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Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome: analysis of 18 cases

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60503/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaohan You ◽

Ji Zhang ◽

Qiongxiu Zhou ◽

Jianna Zhang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽

Prednisone Dose ◽

Primary Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Independent Risk Factors ◽

Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to analysis the clinical features, risk factors and outcomes of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) who developed pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).Methods: We systematically reviewed medical records from 18 PNS patients with PCP admitted to our hospital from April 2007 to April 2019. A total of 180 cases were randomly selected as controls from PNS inpatients without infection. Results: In PCP patients, the mean age at presentation was 48.5 years, mean duration of prednisone treatment was 3.7 months and mean prednisone dose on admission was 31.3 mg/d, the most common clinical manifestation was fever (100%) and average PaO2 on admission was 59.5 mmHg. Eight patients (44.4%) had coexisting infections, most often was cytomegalovirus (4 patients), 11 patients (61.1%) had ICU admission and 9 patients (50%) had mechanical ventilation. PCP patients had more prednisone, more immunosuppressive therapy, lower CD4+ cell counts and hemoglobin, and higher serum creatinine than those without infections (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that PNS patients with prednisone usage and lower CD4+ cell counts were independent risk factors of more likely to have PCP compared to controls (OR =3.39, p=0.002; OR =0.64, p=0.021p<0.05). All patients survived after treatment. Conclusion: PCP was not unusual in PNS patients, and the most important risk factors were prednisone usage and a lower CD4+ cell count, but however, these patients had a good outcome after enough treatments.

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Characteristics allelic of Human Leukocyte Antigen class I genotype and association with viral load and CD4 cell count in HIV-1 infected patients, Hanoi 2014 – 2016

Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng ◽

10.51403/0868-2836/2021/335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Tran Thi Minh Tam ◽

Nguyen Thuy Linh ◽

Phan Ha My ◽

Nguyen Thi Lan Anh

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Hla Class I ◽

Class I ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Leukocyte Antigen ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I plays a regulatory role in cellular immune response to HIV-1 infection. The role of HLA alleles in HIV progression via viral load and CD4 cell count is well known. HLA class I is polymorphic and distributed differently by nation. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 303 HIV-1 infected patients in 2014 - 2016, with aims to (i) characterize HLA class I genotype with 4-digit nomenclature and (ii) identify specifc alleles in correlate with CD4 cell counts and HIV viral load. 117 allele genotypes have been identifed, including 28 HLA-A alleles, 54 HLA-B alleles and 35 HLA-C alleles. The results showed that the most prevalent alleles in the population include A*11:01 (30.7%), B*15:02 (15.2%) and C*08:01 (17.1%). The frequency of haplotype created from these alleles is 8.4%. A*02:03, B*46:01 related to gender and ethnicity respectively. In conclusion, the study provided detailed pattern of HLA class I expression in a study population of HIV-1 infected patients and reported for the frst time the associated B*51:01, C*14:02 alleles associated to an increase in CD4 cell counts.

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