scholarly journals Knowledge about iron rich foods and its consumption pattern among adolescent girls in an urban slum of Kolar

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latha K. ◽  
Mohan H. D.
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid

Background: Adolescent anemia is a long standing public health problem in India. According to NFHS-3 almost 56% of adolescent girls aged 15-19 years suffer from some form of anaemia. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and consumption practices of iron rich foods and also to estimate the haemoglobin levels among adolescent girls in urban slum of Kolar. Methods: Around 170 adolescent girls in the age group of 10-19 years in Gandhinagar area of Kolar town were included and administered the interview questionnaire. They were invited to Anganwadi centres on a fixed day for estimation of haemoglobin. 92 girls attended the screening and were given awareness by distributing hand out. Results: The mean age of the girls was 15.06±2.230. The mean age at menarche was 13.38±1.158. Majority of girls 58.8% were in 15-19 year age group, 94.1% were aware about iron rich foods and 66.5% were aware of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS). Around 92 (54.1%) girls were screened for haemoglobin levels and 32 (34.8%) were found to have anaemia. The factors associated with anaemia among adolescent girls included attaining menarche and no toilet usage which was statistically significant (p value <0.05). Conclusions: The supplementation of iron and folic acid tablets alone is not sufficient and it has to be effectively combined with improving the awareness about iron rich foods and its consumption practices to reduce the prevalence of anaemia. 

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of menstrual hygiene practices in school going adolescent girls from urban slums of Nalgonda, Telangana

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Jyothi Veleshala ◽  
Varun M. Malhotra ◽  
Suresh J. Thomas ◽  
Kondagunta Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
School Girls ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Background: Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial as it determines the health of future generations. School girls when experiencing menarche find themselves in a setting without water, toilets or a supportive female teacher to explain the changes happening in their body. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess knowledge and practices about menstruation in adolescent school girls of an urban slum and to find some socio-demographic determinants of menstrual hygiene.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 6th to 10th class school going adolescent girls from an urban slum of Telangana state. A total of 300 girls participated.Results: The mean age of the students was 11.9±3.3 years. The mean age at menarche was 13.09 (95% CI: 12.07–14.11). 25.3% had acquired prior knowledge about attaining menarche. For majority (74.2%) the knowledge was imparted by their mothers. 96.9% of school girls used sanitary pads. Significant association observed between educational status and employment status of mother and usage of sanitary pads by respondent. Almost 90% of the young women faced physical complaints or health problems during menstruation. Majority (94.3%) had religious restrictions on them during the menstruation.Conclusions: Menstrual hygiene is an issue which needs to be addressed to all adolescents, with special emphasis in slum area. Lack of awareness is a roadblock in adopting safe and hygienic menstrual practices. More emphasis should be given on improving adolescent literacy for achieving hygienic menstrual practices.

scholarly journals Barriers to and Facilitators of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation within a School-Based Integrated Nutrition and Health Promotion Program among Ghanaian Adolescent Girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Gosdin ◽  
Andrea J Sharma ◽  
Katie Tripp ◽  
Esi F Amoaful ◽  
Abraham B Mahama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
School Level ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid

ABSTRACT Background Anemia is a moderate public health problem among adolescent girls in Ghana. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the barriers to and facilitators of program fidelity to a school-based anemia reduction program with weekly iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation. Methods Authors analyzed directly observed weekly IFA consumption data collected longitudinally and cross-sectional data from a representative survey of 60 secondary schools and 1387 adolescent girls in the Northern and Volta regions of Ghana after 1 school year (2017–2018) of the intervention (30–36 wk). A bottleneck analysis was used to characterize the levels of IFA coverage and used adjusted generalized linear mixed-effects models to quantify the school and student drivers of IFA intake adherence. Results Of girls, 90% had ever consumed the tablet, whereas 56% had consumed ≥15 weekly tablets (mean: 16.4, range: 0–36), indicating average intake adherence was about half of the available tablets. Among ever consumers, 88% of girls liked the tablet, and 27% reported undesirable changes (primarily heavy menstrual flow). School-level factors represented 75% of the variance in IFA consumption over the school year. Total IFA tablets consumed was associated with the ability to make up missed IFA distributions (+1.4 tablets; 95% CI: +0.8, +2.0 tablets), junior compared with senior secondary school (+5.8; 95% CI: +0.1, +11.5), educators’ participating in a program-related training (+7.6; 95% CI: +2.9, 12.2), and educator perceptions that implementation was difficult (−6.9; 95% CI: −12.1, −1.7) and was an excessive time burden (−4.4; 95% CI: −8.4, −0.4). Conclusions Although the program reached Ghanaian schoolgirls, school-level factors were barriers to adherence. Modifications such as expanded training, formalized make-up IFA distributions, sensitization (awareness promotion), and additional support to senior high schools may improve adherence. Spreading the responsibility for IFA distribution to other teachers and streamlining monitoring may reduce the burden at the school level. Strengthening the health education component and improving knowledge of IFA among students may also be beneficial.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) group in an urban slum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2460
Author(s):  
Pratibha U. Mulik ◽  
Sudam R. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of

Background: After comparing data of NFHS-3 and 4, prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of an urban population almost doubled in 10 yr. So, the causes of increasing prevalence need to be studied as public health concern. Objective of the study is to determine prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive age group (15-49 years) of women in an urban slum of Mumbai.Methods: Total 220 women were selected among 11 sectors from A to K by simple random method and data collected by using validated questionnaire. WHO’s classification was used to classify as overweight and obese.Results: Out of 220 women participated in study, 14 (6.36%) were obese, 75 (34.09%) were overweight according to BMI and 17 (7.7%) were found to be obese according to waist to hip ratio. From the present study it was seen that age group of the women, socio economic class, education, history of hypothyroidism, family history of obesity, types of work women do, hours of television watching, calorie and fat intake, had a significant relationship with BMI, whereas physical exercise they used to do and tendency to sleep in the afternoon and hours of sleep in the night had non-significant relationship with BMI.Conclusions: Obesity and overweight is found to be a growing public health problem and can be preventable. Interventional measures include developing healthy eating habits, regular moderate physical exercise, sleeping habits, health camps for screening of overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of long-term intermittent supplementation with multiple micronutrients compared with iron-and-folic acid supplementation on Hb and micronutrient status of non-anaemic adolescent schoolgirls in rural Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1484-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Ahmed ◽  
Moududur R. Khan ◽  
Mohammad Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
Rezaul Karim ◽  
Gail Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Hb Concentration

The present study examined whether long-term supplementation with once- and twice-weekly multiple micronutrients (MMN-1 and MMN-2) can improve Hb and micronutrient status more than twice-weekly Fe–folic acid (IFA-2) supplementation in non-anaemic adolescent girls in Bangladesh. An equal number of 324 rural schoolgirls aged 11–17 years were given MMN-1 or MMN-2 or IFA-2 supplements for 52 weeks in a randomised, double-blind trial. Blood samples were collected at baseline, and at 26 and 52 weeks of supplementation. The girls receiving IFA-2 supplements were more likely to be anaemic than the girls receiving MMN-2 supplements for 26 weeks (OR 5·1, 95 % CI 1·3, 19·5; P = 0·018). All three supplements reduced Fe deficiency effectively. Both the MMN-1 and MMN-2 groups showed significantly greater improvements in vitamins A, B2 and C status than the girls in the IFA-2 group, as might be expected. Receiving a MMN-1 supplement was found to be less effective than MMN-2 supplement in improving Fe, vitamins A, B2 and folic acid status. Receiving micronutrient supplements beyond 26 weeks showed little additional benefit in improving micronutrient status. In conclusion, given twice-weekly for 26 weeks, MMN supplements can improve micronutrient status effectively with no significant increase in Hb concentration compared with IFA supplements in non-anaemic Bangladeshi adolescent girls. However, it significantly reduces the risk of anaemia. Before any recommendations can be made, further research, including into cost-effectiveness, is needed to see whether MMN supplementation has any additional longer-term health benefits over that of IFA supplementation in this population.

scholarly journals Population-level effective coverage of adolescent weekly iron and folic acid supplementation is low in rural West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (15) ◽  
pp. 2819-2823
Author(s):  
Christopher R Sudfeld ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Rai ◽  
Anamitra Barik ◽  
Joseph J Valadez ◽  
Wafaie W Fawzi
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Effective Coverage ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Out Of School

AbstractObjective:To assess the coverage of the adolescent weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS) programme in rural West Bengal, India.Design:We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey of intended WIFS programme beneficiaries (in-school adolescent girls and boys and out-of-school adolescent girls).Setting:Birbhum Health and Demographic Surveillance System.Participants:A total of 4448 adolescents 10–19 years of age participated in the study.Results:The percentage of adolescents who reported taking four WIFS tablets during the last month as intended by the national programme was 9·4 % among in-school girls, 7·1 % for in-school boys and 2·3 % for out-of-school girls. The low effective coverage was due to the combination of large deficits in WIFS provision and poor adherence. A large proportion of adolescents reported they were not provided any WIFS tablets in the last month: 61·7 % of in-school girls, 73·3 % of in-school boys and 97·1 % of out-of-school girls. In terms of adherence, only 41·6 % of in-school girls, 38·1 % of in-school boys and 47·4 % of out-of-school girls reported that they consumed all WIFS tablets they received. Counselling from teachers, administrators and school staff was the primary reason adolescents reported taking WIFS tablets, whereas the major reasons for non-adherence were lack of perceived benefit, peer suggestion not to take WIFS and a reported history of side effects.Conclusions:The effective coverage of the WIFS programme for in-school adolescents and out-of-school adolescent girls is low in rural Birbhum. Integrated supply- and demand-side strategies appear to be necessary to increase the effective coverage and potential benefits of the WIFS programme.

scholarly journals Factors associated with high compliance/feasibility during iron and folic acid supplementation in a tribal area of Madhya Pradesh, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapas Chakma ◽  
Pinnamneni Vinay Rao ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Meshram
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
High Compliance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Blister Pack ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid

AbstractObjectiveTo study the feasibility of iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation among tribal adolescent girls and identify factors associated with high compliance.DesignIntervention study with IFA supplementation among tribal adolescent girls of Bijadandi block, Mandla district, Madhya Pradesh, India. Girls (n 274) from twelve villages randomly selected out of 100 potential villages received daily tablets containing iron (iii) hydroxide polymaltose complex equivalent to 100 mg of elemental Fe and 350 μg of folic acid (commercially available as Feritas tablets, marketed by Intas Pharmaceutical Ltd, India). IFA was given for 100 d and supervised by school teachers and anganwadi workers. Compliance was measured using cards and interviews.SettingCommunity-based iron supplementation programme.SubjectsTribal adolescent girls aged 12–19 years.ResultsIn total 233 girls completed the study. Prevalence of anaemia was reduced from 94 % at baseline to 69 % after the intervention. Compliance rate (>80 tablets) was 89 %. Minor side-effects were reported by three girls, yet they consumed >80 tablets. Factors associated with compliance included fasting during the local festival (χ2 = 72·74, df 3; P < 0·0001) and counselling (χ2 = 72·74, df 3; P < 0·0001). Other qualitative factors like social mobilization, timely supply of tablets, quality of tablets (blister pack) and availability of teachers and anganwadi workers were also associated with the compliance and feasibility.ConclusionsHigh compliance indicates that IFA supplementation with tablets is feasible among the tribal adolescent girls of Bijadandi block, Mandla district.

Prevalence of Anemia and its Correlates among Elderly population of an Urban Slum in Meerut

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratandeep Lamba ◽  
Abhishek Agarwal ◽  
Ravi Rana ◽  
Vertika Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem in elderly persons which is often overlooked. With rising urbanization and world is facing demographic transition, there is a need to increase focus on elderly residing in urban slums. Aim: The present study aims to find the prevalence of anaemia and its associated factors among the elderly population in an urban slum of Meerut. Methodology: The present study conducted in an urban slum of Meerut from November 2017 to January 2018. The sample size was calculated as 396, considering the prevalence of anaemia as 45.5% in this age group. Haemoglobin levels were estimated using paper chromatography methodby hemoc-heck rapid diagnostic kit. Data were compiled and analysed using epi info software version 3.7.2. Results: 49.5% of the elderly residing in urban slums were found to be anaemic. The anaemia in the elderly was found to be significantly associated with employment, socioeconomic status and chronic diseases like COPD, hypertension and Tuberculosis

AWARENESS OF STD AND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR: A COMMUNITY BASED STUDY IN THE URBAN SLUMS OF JORHAT DISTRICT, ASSAM

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Anoop Dev ◽  
Naba Jyoti Saikia ◽  
Debarshi Paul
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are transmitted from one person to another through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. STDs are becoming a major public health problem in India. The objective of this paper is to determine the prevalence of awareness of STD among the youth age group of 15-24 years old residing in the urban slum of Jorhat town. The study shows that in the age group 15-19 years, 62% individuals were not aware about STDs while about 52% were not aware in the age group 20-24 years. The present study reveals that only about 61% individuals opined that STDs are transmissible and only 42% say that STD is preventable. It is concluded from the study that majority of the individuals in the study group are unaware about STD's.

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