scholarly journals Lifestyle associated morbidity among geriatric population–urban and rural comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipun Agrawal ◽  
Danish Imtiaz ◽  
Atul K. Singh ◽  
Shyam B. Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Jain
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: The proportion of people aged over 60 years is growing faster than any other age group in almost every country which can be attributed to longer life expectancy, declining birth rates, expansion of healthcare services in quality and quantity. An individual’s choice of behaviour may be either health promoting or detrimental to health. Health is both a consequence of an individual’s lifestyle and a factor determining it but it cannot be isolated from other aspects of life. With the above background, this study was planned to report and compare lifestyle and prevalence of lifestyle associated morbidities among geriatric population of rural and urban areas in district Bareilly (UP).Methods: The present descriptive cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year amongst families registered with UHTC and RHTC of SRMS IMS, Bareilly. All persons willing to participate aged 60 years or more were interviewed in the presence of one family member.Results: A total of 525 elderly, 263 rural and 262 urban, were surveyed. The mean age of elderly residing in the rural and urban areas are 66.21±5.97 and 67.30±5.89 respectively, eldest being 96 years old rural subject. Lifestyle of rural elderlies was healthier compared to urban subjects. 12.5% rural elderly had no apparent disease against only 7.5% urban elderly.Conclusions: Overall consumption of salt and oil consumed per person per day was found to be higher amongst the elderly residing in the urban area as compared to those in the rural area. Most of the elderly of rural area (77.57%) as well as urban area (59.92%) fall in Zone–1 i.e. with an audit score below 7. Proportion of current tobacco users and ever tobacco users were higher in the rural area (40.68% and 46.76% respectively). The proportion of subjects who were apparently healthy was higher in rural area (46.77%) than urban area (39.69%).

scholarly journals Male knowledge of birth preparedness in Ogun State, Nigeria: A rural/urban comparative cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kolawole Sodeinde ◽  
Fikayo Bamidele ◽  
Ngozi Adefala ◽  
Adedotun Sodeinde
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study aimed to compare the knowledge of men concerning birth preparedness between rural and urban dwellers of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 men each in rural and urban areas of Ogun State using a multistage sampling method to select participants. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to elicit data about respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of birth preparedness. Knowledge was graded as good and poor knowledge. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20 and presented as tables. Results: The mean ages of the urban and rural respondents were 36.58±6.760 and 37.61±9.788 respectively. The difference in the mean age of urban and rural residents was not statistically significant (t= -1.819, P=0.069). A higher proportion of urban respondents (53.4%) had a statistically significant good knowledge of birth preparedness compared to 30.2% of rural men (P<0.001). The association between age and knowledge of birth preparedness was statistically significant among rural respondents (P<0.001) unlike urban respondents (P=0.874). A statistically significant association was noted between education and knowledge (P<0.001) in the urban area as against the rural area (P=0.084). Conclusion: Knowledge of birth preparedness is better among male urban dwellers than their rural counterparts. Knowledge is statistically significantly associated with age in the rural area and with the level of education in the urban area. There is a need for an improved appropriate strategy that can raise knowledge of maternity care among rural men.

scholarly journals The Quality of Life of Coronavirus Disease Survivors Living in Rural and Urban Area of Riau Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Shashi Kandel ◽  
Rahmat Azhari Kemal ◽  
Arfianti Arfianti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rural And Urban Area

This study assesses the status of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among coronavirus survivors living in rural and urban districts in Riau province, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 and 285 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) survivors living in rural and urban areas, respectively in August 2021. The St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure the HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors. A higher total score domain corresponds to worse quality of life status. Quantile regression with the respect to 50th percentile found a significant association for the factors living in rural areas, being female, having comorbidities, and being hospitalized during treatment, with total score of 4.77, 2.43, 7.22, and 21.27 higher than in their contra parts, respectively. Moreover, having received full vaccination had the score 3.96 in total score. The HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors living in rural areas was significantly lower than in urban areas. Factors such as living in rural areas, female sex, having comorbidities, and history of symptomatic COVID-19 infection were identified as significant predictors for lower quality of life. Meanwhile, having full vaccination is a significant predictor for a better quality of life. The results of this study can provide the targeted recommendations for improvement of HRQOL of COVID-19 survivors.

scholarly journals Authors Response: Clinical differences between children with asthma and rhinitis in rural and urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Jorge Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Sánchez ◽  
Ricardo Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Difference

We greatly appreciate the interest shown in the article "Clinical differences between children with asthma and rhinitis in rural and urban areas", which we hope will be one of several future articles that we intend to carry out in the study cohort. To the questions generated by the reader, one is focused on the calculation of the sample size, while the other two questions are focus in the method of analysis, and the reader suggests, it could be more robust. Regarding the sample size, we describe that infant asthma in urban areas of Medellin was 11% and rhinitis 23%, according to previous studies. There is no data available for the rural area. We note that with a confidence level of 95%, a power of 80% and a sample size error of 0.5%, the sample size was calculated; estimating 201 children for the urban area and 128 for the rural area. Finally, we recruited and were able to continue for a year, a total of 248 children from the urban area and 134 from the rural area. The complaint of the reader, is focus that the more appropriated technique would be "… the appropriate sample size calculation must have been the difference of means between two independent populations, although the authors did not report any ACT effect size based on previous studies."...

Prevalence of rheumatic musculoskeletal symptoms in rural and urban areas : a cross-sectional study in northern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1638-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragini Alok ◽  
Ragini Srivastava ◽  
Puneet Kumar ◽  
Siddharth K. Das ◽  
Girdhar G. Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals A comparison of breast feeding practices among urban and rural areas of Rangareddy district of Telangana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vijay Kumar ◽  
Indranil Acharya ◽  
Jayanti P. Acharya ◽  
Puligila Raj Shravani ◽  
Sabbineni Ramya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Breastfeeding is the normal way of providing young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 800 mothers from urban and rural areas of Rangareddy District. A pre designed pre tested questionnaire was used to interview the mothers. Questionnaire contained questions related to demographic factors and breast feeding practices. Institutional Ethical clearance was taken. Results: The overall prevalence of exclusive breast feeding was 65%, being comparatively more in rural area (68%) which was statistically significant. Colostrum was discarded by 15% mothers in urban and 9% in rural area. Breast feeding was initiated within 1 hour in 184 (46%) in urban area and in 148 (37%) in rural area. Conclusions: Though mothers from rural area had certain favorable breast feeding practices such as demand feeding, colostrum being given but still various inappropriate practices were prevalent in both rural and urban areas. 

scholarly journals Multimorbidity Among Migrant and Non-Migrant Ghanaians: The RODAM Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marzà-Florensa ◽  
Daniel Boateng ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Erik Beune ◽  
Karlijn A. C. Meeks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objectives: Multimorbidity is a growing public health concern due to the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, yet information about multimorbidity in low- and middle-income countries and migrant populations is scarce. We aimed to investigate the distribution and patterns of multimorbidity in rural and urban areas in Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe.Methods: The RODAM cross-sectional study included 4,833 participants. Multimorbidity was defined as presence of multiple non-communicable chronic conditions. Patterns were determined from frequent combination of conditions. Prevalence ratios were estimated by logistic regression.Results: Prevalence of multimorbidity was higher in women and in urban Ghana and Europe. We observed a cardiometabolic pattern in all sites as well as circulatory-musculoskeletal and metabolic-musculoskeletal combinations in Ghana. Multimorbidity prevalence ratios were higher in Europe (men 1.47, 95% CI 1.34–1.59, women 1.18, 1.10–1.26) and urban Ghana (men 1.46, 1.31–1.59, women 1.27, 1.19–1.34).Conclusion: Distribution and patterns of multimorbidity differed by sex and site. With a higher burden of multimorbidity in urban areas, prevention strategies should focus on forestalling its increase in rapidly growing rural areas.

Synanthropy of dipterans collected in cattle feces in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 050-053
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Area Percentage

Cattle feces accumulated in pastures and stables constitute an especially favorable microhabitat for the development of a rich and heterogeneous arthropod fauna. This study determined the species of Diptera of Medical, Veterinary and Agricultural importance present in forest, rural and urban areas in the municipality of Monte Alegre, state Minas Gerais Southeast region, Brazil in the period from March to November 2006. The dipterans pupae were individually placed in glass jars until the emergence of the dipterans. A total of 372 dipteran pupae were collected, 107 in the forest area, 194 in the rural area and 71 in the urban area. Percentage of dipterans in forest, rural and urban areas were 28.7%, 52.2% and 19.1%, respectively. Sorcophagula occidua (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) was the most frequent species with 42.2%. Regarding the synanthropy index of the species Archisepsis scabra (Loew, 1861) (Diptera: Sepsidae) Palaeosepsis pusio (Schiner, 1868) (Diptera: Sepsidae), Brontaea quadristigma (Thomson, 1869) (Diptera: Muscidae) and S. occidua presented an index of 16.0%, - 64%, +18.4% and +7.7%, respectively. Dipterans constitute the adequate model for the study of synanthropy, not only for their ecological importance, but also for their medical-sanitary aspect.

Town and City Consolidation in Connecticut

1942 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-502
Author(s):  
Max R. White
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
City Area ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Farming Area ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural And Urban

Town and city consolidation in Connecticut serves purposes similar to those of city and county consolidation. Duplicating corporate bodies and officials are eliminated, and one government provides those services that are required only in urban areas as well as those required by both rural and urban areas. In addition, by the use of separate taxing districts a method has been developed whereby the people of the entire area pay for the general services while the people in the urban area do, and the people in the rural area do not, pay for the special urban services. Thus, it is possible to bring together a farming area and a city area under one government.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Intra Uterine Growth Retardation and its Prevention Among Antenatal Mothers in Rural and Urban Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vanitha Chittaluri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Intra Uterine Growth Retardation

Intra Uterine Growth Retardation is an important cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The present study was undertaken to compare the knowledge and attitude regarding intra uterine growth retardation and its prevention among antenatal mothers in rural and urban areas Khammam, Telangana. The objectives of the study were to describe the levels of knowledge and attitude, to compare the levels of Knowledge and attitude in rural and urban areas, to find out the association between knowledge and attitude scores with their selected socio-demographic variables. A quantitative survey approach and comparative descriptive design was used for this study. The sample for current study is antenatal mothers who were residing at Raghunadhapalem rural area and Ballepalli urban area, Khammam. The sample size was 100((50 rural+50 urban) and the sample was selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected by using structure interview schedule. The Findings revealed that the knowledge means of antenatal mothers in rural and urban areas were 14.10 and 16.68 respectively. Standard deviations were 3.29 and 3.3 respectively. The ‘t’ calculated value was 3.89 which is significant at 0.05. The attitude means of antenatal mothers in rural and urban areas were 36.08 and 36.02 respectively. Standard deviations were 2.15 and 2.48 respectively. The ‘t’ calculated value was 0.12 which is significant at 0.05. The study concluded that the level of knowledge is low in rural area by comparing with urban area. There is an increased need for awareness program regarding intra uterine growth retardation and its prevention in selected setting in order to promote the health of the fetus and the mother.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practices related to owls in central Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-81
Author(s):  
Ghulam Mustafa Rashid ◽  
Mirza Habib Ali ◽  
Abida Butt ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Rats And Mice

Abstract Owls are considered as dominant predators for control of rats and mice population in agricultural fields and presently their populations are continuously declining in Punjab, Pakistan. The present study was aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of people of rural and urban areas about the declining trend of owls. During this survey, more than 1600 people were asked to collect information regarding the owl populations from six localities including Faisalabad, Sialkot, Jhang, Lahore and Bahawalnagar. Four parameters were the major part of the questionnaire: familiarity, misconceptions, awareness about owls and their acceptance as a biological controlling agent. The results revealed that about 95% of people were familiar with owls in the agro-ecosystem. Only 15.6% of people thought that owls should be eliminated; 23.0% were of the opinion that owl’s presence in a locality leads to ruination; 33.3% agreed that the owls presence was a sign of bad omen; 41.8% considered them as signs of foolishness; 47.0% believed that owl’s body parts were used for black magic purposes. In contrast, 50% of people acknowledged that owls are beneficial to humans; 60.3% knew that owls are the enemies of rodents, 67.7% agreed that they are suppressors of rats and mice and 63.8% agreed that artificial nest boxes can serve as their nests and roosts. It was encouraging to know that 74.8% showed their willingness to enhance the owl’s population on their farms, and 74.0% were willing to permit the installation of nest boxes in or near the villages. The study of attitudes of respondents towards owl will help to develop an effective conservation strategy and to boost owl’s population in croplands for biological control of rats and mice.

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