scholarly journals Dietary preferences for food items among children of age 5-10 years in a rural area of Perambalur district, South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5219
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Kulothungan ◽  
T. Sri Ranganathan ◽  
D. Rock Britto ◽  
S. G. Deepak ◽  
K. Dhinesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
The Individual

Background: Appropriate nutrition in early childhood plays an important role in normal growth and development, as well as on the long-term health of individuals. There is increasing recognition that dietary pattern better reflects the overall quality of the diet. The dietary pattern has been shown to be associated with nutrient intakes and linked to chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in children. The aim of the study was to assess the dietary preferences for food items (vegetables, fruits, meat, milk products, snacks and starch) among children of age 5-10 years in the rural area of Perambalur district, South India.Methods: Six food categories (vegetables, fruits, meat, milk products, snacks and starch) were included in the questionnaire to study the dietary preferences of the child. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel worksheet and analysed for frequencies and percentages. Mean score and its standard deviation were calculated for individual food items.Results: The study shows that most of the children prefer milk/milk products with a highest mean score of 3.94 followed by a preference for snacks. Most avoided food were vegetables, followed by meat and meat products. The overall score was found to be low for all the categories of food among children who prefer mobile compared to TV and outdoor group. But this difference was not statistically significant. This difference was close to 0.05 only in vegetable group category.Conclusions: The results will help in planning the nutritional counselling programmes for children. These findings have to be further correlated with the nutritional status of the individual children and deficiencies if any.

TECHNOLOGY OF MEAT COOKING IN THE AUTOCLAVE WITH PRESERVATION OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ANIMAL RAW MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
Nataliya Novosad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Periodic Action ◽  
Meat Cooking ◽  
Canned Meat ◽  
Long Term Preservation

The article examines the technology of cooking meat by autoclaving while preserving the chemical properties of the product. Autoclaving has been shown to be one of the main technological steps in canned meat. Sterilization of canned meat is a heat treatment of the product, which ensures the death of microflora to prevent microbiological spoilage at temperate temperatures (15-30oC), and if necessary at higher temperatures, and safety, which guarantees the microbiological indicators of the use of canned food for food. Sterilize meat at temperatures above 100o C, most often at temperatures up to 120o C. It has been determined that sterilization of meat in an autoclave determines the preservation of nutritional value, organoleptic properties, harmless to the consumer and creates the necessary prerequisites for long-term preservation of the quality of canned meat products. The technology of cooking meat is reduced to the choice of parameters (temperature and duration) of heating, which ensure maximum destruction of the microflora with minimal loss of nutritional value. Sterilization is carried out in autoclaves of periodic action. Banks with the product are loaded into the baskets of the autoclave, lowered into the autoclave, seal the device, heated to the desired temperature, withstand the required time, then release the pressure, cool and unload.

scholarly journals The estimation of the Marshallian demand functions for the selected foodstuff groups according to the households income quartils

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zentková ◽  
E. Hošková
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Individual Income ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Food Basket ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the modelling of demand for the food group of milk and milk products and the food group of meat, meat products, eggs and fish using the Marshallian demand functions for the individual income quartils of Slovak households. The criterium for the foodstuff groups selection is their position in the Healthy Eating Pyramid which is one of the recommended optimal food basket forms. We suppose that the significant income differentiation of households will manifest as different consumer behaviour in the food market. The analysis confirms this hypothesis.

Optimising Epilepsy Therapy – Searching for the Evidence – Looking Beyond the Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Mar Carreño ◽  
Eugen Trinka ◽  
Martin Holtkamp ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Type D ◽  
Epilepsy Therapy ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Type C ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Devil

There is now an extensive range of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) available including older established treatments and a newer generation of medications. The choice of drugs and what constitutes optimal therapy, however, is unclear due to limitations in the data supporting their use, particularly among the newer treatments. In clinical trials of monotherapy, a treatment is required to show only non-inferiority to another benchmark treatment. In trials of polytherapy, comparisons are limited to placebo. It is therefore necessary to look beyond the study data and consider other parameters to ascertain the most suitable treatment for the individual patient. Available evidence suggests that efficacy is similar among most AEDs, but this does not mean they are all the same. Some show efficacy in early and refractory epilepsy and some improve depression and quality of life (QOL) in epilepsy. AEDs are associated with a range of adverse events (AEs) that can limit their usefulness. AE classifications include type A (augmented and dose related) including tiredness, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, vertigo, imbalance, ataxia, tremor and cognitive impairment; type B (bizarre and idiosyncratic) including various hypersensitivity reactions; type C (chronic long-term toxicity) including hirsutism, alopecia, weight gain and obesity; and type D (teratogenesis and carcinogenesis). The newer AEDs have been more thoroughly assessed for AEs than older drugs and risks are better understood. In AED safety, it is not better to follow a policy of ‘better the devil you know’ but rather to carefully monitor AE incidence and be prepared to switch drugs to improve tolerability and avoid non-compliance and treatment failure.

scholarly journals An improved NO<sub>2</sub> retrieval for the GOME-2 satellite instrument

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Richter ◽  
M. Begoin ◽  
A. Hilboll ◽  
J. P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Pass

Abstract. Satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) provide valuable information on both stratospheric and tropospheric composition. Nadir measurements from GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI, and GOME-2 have been used in many studies on tropospheric NO2 burdens, the importance of different NOx emissions sources and their change over time. The observations made by the three GOME-2 instruments will extend the existing data set by more than a decade, and a high quality of the data as well as their good consistency with existing time series is of particular importance. In this paper, an improved GOME-2 NO2 retrieval is described which reduces the scatter of the individual NO2 columns globally but in particular in the region of the Southern Atlantic Anomaly. This is achieved by using a larger fitting window including more spectral points, and by applying a two step spike removal algorithm in the fit. The new GOME-2 data set is shown to have good consistency with SCIAMACHY NO2 columns. Remaining small differences are shown to be linked to changes in the daily solar irradiance measurements used in both GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY retrievals. In the large retrieval window, a not previously identified spectral signature was found which is linked to deserts and other regions with bare soil. Inclusion of this empirically derived pseudo cross-section significantly improves the retrievals and potentially provides information on surface properties and desert aerosols. Using the new GOME-2 NO2 data set, a long-term average of tropospheric columns was computed and high-pass filtered. The resulting map shows evidence for pollution from several additional shipping lanes, not previously identified in satellite observations. This illustrates the excellent signal to noise ratio achievable with the improved GOME-2 retrievals.

scholarly journals Personalization of the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for musculoskeletal diseases. Resolution on the results of the Meeting of Experts of December 13, 2017

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Karateev ◽  
A. M. Lila ◽  
I. S. Dydykina ◽  
P. R. Kamchatnov ◽  
S. O. Mazurenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Analgesic Therapy ◽  
Acute Pain Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Aspects

The personalization of therapy is one of the innovative approaches gaining an increasingly strong foothold in modern medicine, implying an individual approach to each patient, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient and the specific clinical case. This same standpoint of personified therapy should be used to plan rational analgesic therapy, the most important component of managing patients with the most common and socially significant diseases, with conditions that have a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life and worsen the course of concomitant diseases. The Meeting of Experts of different specialties such as rheumatologists, neurologists, cardiologists and clinical pharmacologists considered the key aspects of the prescription of NSAIDs, the most widely used class of painkillers, including those used for the relief of musculoskeletal pain. It was noted that when choosing NSAIDs, the practitioner should take into account the diagnosis, the planned duration of  analgesic therapy, the intensity of pain, medical history data, the presence of comorbid diseases and risk factors for drug complications. There are different types of NSAIDs, some of which are most useful for urgent acute pain therapy (eg, ketoprofen), while others are most suitable for long-term pain management in chronic diseases (eg, etoricoxib). In any case, the practitioner should take into account the priority of patient safety and pay the utmost attention to the prevention of NSAIDassociated complications, and also keep in mind the duration of the specific drug administration permitted by the patient information leaflet. It was also noted that the launch of a new generic etoricoxib (Kostarox®) expands the possibilities of analgesic therapy for the Russian practitioners.

scholarly journals Sunspot area catalog revisited: Daily cross-calibrated areas since 1874

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. A78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudip Mandal ◽  
Natalie A. Krivova ◽  
Sami K. Solanki ◽  
Nimesh Sinha ◽  
Dipankar Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Sunspot Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Royal Greenwich Observatory ◽  
Individual Group ◽  
Cross Calibration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Temporal Coverage ◽  
Final Composite

Context. Long and consistent sunspot area records are important for understanding long-term solar activity and variability. Multiple observatories around the globe have regularly recorded sunspot areas, but such individual records only cover restricted periods of time. Furthermore, there are systematic differences between these records and require cross-calibration before they can reliably be used for further studies. Aims. We produce a cross-calibrated and homogeneous record of total daily sunspot areas, both projected and corrected, covering the period between 1874 and 2019. In addition, we generated a catalog of calibrated individual group areas for the same period. Methods. We compared the data from nine archives: Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), Kislovodsk, Pulkovo, Debrecen, Kodaikanal, Solar Optical Observing Network (SOON), Rome, Catania, and Yunnan Observatories, covering the period between 1874 and 2019. Cross-comparisons of the individual records were done to produce homogeneous and inter-calibrated records of daily projected and corrected areas. As in earlier studies, the basis of the composite is formed by the data from RGO. After 1976, the only datasets used are those from Kislovodsk, Pulkovo, and Debrecen observatories. This choice was made based on the temporal coverage and the quality of the data. While there are still 776 days missing in the final composite, these remaining gaps could not be filled with data from the other archives as the missing days lie either before 1922 or after 2016 and none of the additional archives cover these periods. Results. In contrast to the SOON data used in previous area composites for the post-RGO period, the properties of the data from Kislovodsk and Pulkovo are very similar to those from the RGO series. They also directly overlap the RGO data in time, which makes their cross-calibration with RGO much more reliable. Indeed, comparing our area catalog with previous such composites, we find improvements both in data quality and coverage. We also computed the daily Photometric Sunspot Index, which is widely used, for example, in empirical reconstructions of solar irradiance.

Positive Technology

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Riva ◽  
Daniela Villani ◽  
Pietro Cipresso ◽  
Andrea Gaggioli
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Flow Experiences

This chapter describes and discusses the “Positive Technology” approach: the scientific and applied approach for the use of technology in improving the quality of our personal experience through its structuring, augmentation and/or replacement - as a way for improving and sustaining personal change. On one side, we suggest that our cognitive system is naturally shaped to identify and counter the experiential conflicts that are usually the main motives for change. Optimal experiences, also defined as “flow experiences”, instead allow the individual to consider long-term personal goals differently and start to experiment with changing them. In other words optimal experiences, when meaningful for the individual, widen the array of thoughts and actions, facilitating generativity and behavioral flexibility. On the other side we claim that it is possible to use technology to manipulate the quality of experience, with the goal of increasing wellness, and generating strengths and resilience in individuals, organizations and society.

scholarly journals “No evident disease activity”: The use of combined assessments in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Giovannoni ◽  
Davorka Tomic ◽  
Jeremy R Bright ◽  
Eva Havrdová
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Individual Patient Level ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Using combined endpoints to define no evident disease activity (NEDA) is becoming increasingly common when setting targets for treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Historically, NEDA has taken account of the occurrence of relapses, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions and disability worsening, but this approach places emphasis on inflammatory activity in the brain and mostly overlooks ongoing neurodegenerative damage. Combined assessments of NEDA which take account of changes in brain volume or neuropsychological outcomes such as cognitive function may begin to address this imbalance, and such assessments may also consider blood or spinal-fluid neurofilament levels or patient-reported outcomes and quality of life measures. If a combined NEDA assessment can be validated in prospective studies as indicative of long-term disease remission at the individual patient level, treating to achieve NEDA could become the goal of clinical practice and achieving NEDA may become the “new normal” state of disease control for patients with MS.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Hospital Occupational Stress and Prevalence of Depression in Nurses Working in Ilam Hospitals

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alireza Roughani ◽  
Mehdi Fallah Bagher Shaidaei ◽  
Akram Rohani ◽  
Ali Delpishe ◽  
Zahra Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Long-term stress can also lead to mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and physical burnout. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between hospital occupational stress and prevalence of depression among nurses working in Ilam hospitals. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study. The statistical population includes the staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital and martyr Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Ilam. The study was conducted using a census method. The criteria for entering the individuals were their willingness to participate in this study. The subjects were included in the study with complete satisfaction. Demographic questionnaires, standard questionnaires for occupational stress (HSI), and Beck Depression Inventory were used. Questionnaires were distributed to pre-trained individuals. The data was extracted and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The findings of this study showed that 31.8% of the samples had a degree of depression. In this study, the rate of depression in men is higher than that of women. According to the results, occupational stress and environmental stress in nursing women were more than men. There is a significant relationship between job stress and stress associated with life with depression (p = 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study always emphasize the point that attention should be paid to stress and stressful occupation of nursing and to think about it and to take preventive measures. Because of the stress of the valve towards all mental illnesses In the event of manpower and the work of a community, it can cause many problems and costs for the individual and society and reduce the quality of the services provided by the nurses.

scholarly journals Feline arterial thromboembolism: prognostic factors and treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
L. Locquet ◽  
D. Paepe ◽  
S. Daminet ◽  
P. Smets
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Arterial Thromboembolism ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Individual

Feline arterial thromboembolism (ATE) is a complete or partial obstruction of a peripheral artery caused by a thrombus that was formed at a distant site. The most common underlying cause in cats is cardiomyopathy. Given the clinical presentation, often without preceding signs, an ATE event is considered one of the most distressing emergency conditions in feline practice. Often, these cats are euthanized at the time of diagnosis. However, recent scientific research has shown that a subpopulation of these patients may have long-term survival. In case of adequate treatment and follow-up, some cats survive over a year with a satisfying quality of life. Key points of ATE are the identification of specific prognostic factors in the individual patient in order to guide owner communication, the decision to treat or not to treat, individually adjusted patient management and regular monitoring, which are discussed in this article.

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