scholarly journals Oral hygiene practices and their influence on the oral health of adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2556
Author(s):  
Rekha P. Shenoy ◽  
Abdul Salam T. A. ◽  
Reema Agrawal ◽  
Prashanth Shenoy K.
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: Oral diseases are major public health problems due to their high prevalence and significant social impact. Oral hygiene practices play a critical role in their prevention and control. This study was carried out to evaluate oral hygiene practices and oral status among adolescents in Mangalore taluk, taking into account differences based on location and type of school.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 1340 students enrolled in public and private high schools in urban and rural areas of Mangalore taluk. The study sample was equally distributed among urban and rural areas, and among public and private schools. Proforma was prepared to record demographic data, oral hygiene practices, dental caries and periodontal disease. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared test and t-test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: Majority of the students used toothbrush and toothpaste to clean their teeth. Horizontal tooth brushing motion and once/twice daily tooth brushing frequency was reported by the highest number of students. Good oral hygiene was found among 55.2% participants. Female participants, urban children and those attending private schools presented with better oral hygiene. Prevalence of dental caries was 59.2%. Prevalence of gingivitis was 83.2%, with higher prevalence among females and rural participants. Poor oral hygiene was found to be associated with gingivitis (r=0.59).Conclusions: Although majority of the participants reported use of requisite oral hygiene aids and regular tooth brushing habits, the high prevalence of oral disease among them can be attributed to poor oral hygiene.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene Practices, Knowledge, and Self-Reported Dental and Gingival Problems with Rural-Urban Disparities among Primary School children in Lilongwe, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
F. Mlenga ◽  
E. G. Mumghamba
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Gingival Bleeding

Aim. To determine oral hygiene practices, knowledge, and experience of dental caries and gingival problems among urban and rural primary schoolchildren in Lilongwe District, Malawi. Methodology. This was an analytical and quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. Four urban and four rural primary schools were conveniently sampled. Pupils aged 11–14 years (n = 409) were recruited using self-administered structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS program v20.0. Results. Out of 409 pupils, most of them had knowledge that dental caries is caused by consumption of sugary foodstuffs (91.4%), toothache is a symptom of dental caries (77.6%), gingivitis is caused by ineffective tooth brushing (92.7%), and gingival bleeding is a sign of gingivitis (85.3%). Most pupils experienced toothache (30.8%); many of them had parents with secondary education and above (35.0%) compared to those with primary education (23.5%). 24.4% experienced gingival bleeding with higher percentages from urban (30.1%) than rural (18.5%) schools. Plastic toothbrush users (95%) overshadowed chewing stick users (24.9%). The use of chewing stick was significantly higher in rural (49%) than in urban (1.9%) schools. Likewise, tooth brushing before bed was significantly higher in rural (33%) than in urban (17.2%) pupils. The use of toothpaste during tooth brushing was significantly higher among urban (91.9%) than among rural (64%) pupils. The prevalence of tongue cleaning was 70.2%, and the differences were significantly higher among pupils who had parents with secondary and higher education in urban schools and among pupils aged 11–12 years in comparison with their counterparts. Conclusions. Most pupils reported cleaning their teeth regularly, mostly using plastic toothbrush rather than chewing stick, using toothpaste, and having adequate knowledge about dental caries and gingival disease, and a quarter of them had suffered from these diseases with evidence of rural-urban disparities. Integration of oral health in school health promotion program and further research on its impact on oral health status are recommended.

scholarly journals Role of Private School on Continuing Education in the Context of COVID-19 in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Dev Chandra Manandhar ◽  
Siddhi Prasad Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Continue Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Government can apply learning continuity plan followed by private school during the lockdown period in the context of Covid-19 which appears as outbreak from Wuhan, China and spread rapidly all over the world. Since education is the systematic process of getting or receiving knowledge in the institutions, privatization of education is also being accepted by many countries  and have brought the policy to emerge the education sector with the help of public and private schools. In the present context, when the Corona virus  spread rapidly all over the world, WHO initiates to stay safe in quarantines and UNESCO suggest about closures of schools and universities. In this context, a study was conducted in 8 schools of every province of Nepal with Kathmandu valley. Schools were chosen randomly as well as mixed method was used to analyze the study. Chi-square, cross tabulation and correlation analysis was done to elaborate the data and SPSS vol-20 was used to interpret the data. In Nepal, private schools of urban area and some public schools are playing an effective role in continuing education through online learning constructing digital infrastructure. However, the majority of private schools are found less effective in online class due to geographic and socioeconomic conditions as well as they are facing electricity and internet problems to continue education in this pandemic era. So, government as well as private sector should prepare Temporary Learning Centre (TLC) and bring the Learning Continuity Plan (LCP) to urban and rural areas to continue education in the COVID -19 periods. 

scholarly journals Oral health status of female hospitalized psychiatric patients in Jazan: A Case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sultan Alakhali ◽  
Wael Ibraheem M Ibraheem ◽  
Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri ◽  
Salha Ibrahim Al neami ◽  
Fatimah Mohammed Alhuraysi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Poor oral health is an important determinant of general health in patients with mental illnesses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the dental and periodontal status of hospitalized female psychiatric patients in Jazan city, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods:  This study included 82 subjects:  37 psychiatric female patients, and 45 age- and gender- matched healthy controls. Dental caries experience (decayed, missing, and  filled teeth  index ( DMFT ) and periodontal health status were recorded. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis, and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:   The mean ages were comparable among the two groups.  Psychiatric patients showed poor oral hygiene practices, with only 56.6% reported regularly brushing their teeth as compared with 82.2% of controls (P < 0.05).  Control subjects had significantly higher DMFT mean scores than psychiatric female patients. However, psychiatric patients had significantly higher mean scores of missing teeth (M component) and lower restored teeth (F component) as compared with controls. Moreover, the mean attachment loss scores were significantly higher in the psychiatric group (0.76±1.58) compared with controls (0.23; 0.44 p < 0.01). Conclusions: Psychiatric patients showed poor oral hygiene practices and a high prevalence of untreated dental caries and periodontal diseases. Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health and oral health practices of this group of people. Keywords Psychiatric patients; Dental; Periodontal disease; Oral hygiene.

scholarly journals The dependence of dental caries on oral hygiene habits in preschool children from urban and rural areas in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Kamińska ◽  
Leszek Szalewski ◽  
Justyna Batkowska ◽  
Jan Wallner ◽  
Eliza Wallner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits

scholarly journals Association between Oral Hygiene and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2873
Author(s):  
Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso ◽  
Fera Ketti ◽  
Taufan Bramantoro ◽  
Judit Zsuga ◽  
Attila Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Emerging evidence has linked poor oral hygiene to metabolic syndrome (MetS), but previously, no summary of evidence has been conducted on the topic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the associations of oral hygiene status and care with MetS. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to March 17, 2021, and examination of reference lists was conducted to identify eligible observational studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool the effects of oral hygiene status and care on MetS. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and had sufficient methodological quality. Good oral hygiene status (OR = 0.30 (0.13–0.66); I2 = 91%), frequent tooth brushing (OR = 0.68 (0.58–0.80); I2 = 89%), and frequent interdental cleaning (OR = 0.89 (0.81–0.99); I2 = 27%) were associated with a lower risk of MetS. Only one study examined the association between dental visits and MetS (OR = 1.10 (0.77–1.55)). Our findings suggested that there might be inverse associations of oral hygiene status, tooth-brushing frequency, and interdental cleaning with MetS. However, substantial heterogeneity for tooth-brushing frequency and inconsistent results for oral hygiene status in subgroup analyses were observed. There was insufficient evidence for the association between dental visits and MetS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate these associations.

Preventive Dental Care: The Role of the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry J. Herrmann ◽  
Michael W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Disease ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Preventive Dental Care ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Dental Profession

The pediatrician can assist the dental profession in preventing dental disease and maintaining the oral health of children. Pediatricians are urged to counsel parents in dietary and oral hygiene practices that will prevent dental caries and to refer patients for professional dental care when appropriate. Systemic fluoride supplements should be prescribed when needed but only after a careful review of requirements and daily consumption.

scholarly journals Mapping poverty using mobile phone and satellite data

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (127) ◽  
pp. 20160690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Steele ◽  
Pål Roe Sundsøy ◽  
Carla Pezzulo ◽  
Victor A. Alegana ◽  
Tomas J. Bird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Poverty is one of the most important determinants of adverse health outcomes globally, a major cause of societal instability and one of the largest causes of lost human potential. Traditional approaches to measuring and targeting poverty rely heavily on census data, which in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are unavailable or out-of-date. Alternate measures are needed to complement and update estimates between censuses. This study demonstrates how public and private data sources that are commonly available for LMICs can be used to provide novel insight into the spatial distribution of poverty. We evaluate the relative value of modelling three traditional poverty measures using aggregate data from mobile operators and widely available geospatial data. Taken together, models combining these data sources provide the best predictive power (highest r 2 = 0.78) and lowest error, but generally models employing mobile data only yield comparable results, offering the potential to measure poverty more frequently and at finer granularity. Stratifying models into urban and rural areas highlights the advantage of using mobile data in urban areas and different data in different contexts. The findings indicate the possibility to estimate and continually monitor poverty rates at high spatial resolution in countries with limited capacity to support traditional methods of data collection.

scholarly journals Oral Clinical Manifestations of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 in Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4687
Author(s):  
Rossella Santoro ◽  
Claudia Santoro ◽  
Francesca Loffredo ◽  
Antonio Romano ◽  
Silverio Perrotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Enamel Defects ◽  
Dental Abnormalities ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. The expression of NF1 is extremely variable considering the broad spectrum of mutations affecting the gene(s) responsible for the pathology. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations in a group of children affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. Design: 100 pediatric patients, with genetically confirmed NF1 were enrolled in this study and matched to a total of 100 healthy children. Clinical examination was used to investigate: dental caries, dental abnormalities, periodontal health, neurofibromas, malocclusions, and enamel defects. Results: Mann Whitney’s test concerning prevalence of dental caries resulted in a no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.90); a significant difference was highlighted as regards the other kinds of manifestations as well: enamel defects (p = 0.01), neurofibromas (p = 0.0043) and poor oral hygiene (p = 0.0002) with a higher prevalence of these features in NF1 patients than healthy controls. Similar results come out, regarding dental abnormalities in which can observe a significant difference between shape anomalies (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to data obtained from the present study, it can be stated that NF1-related oral manifestations can be detected during childhood and adolescence. In particular for neurofibromas, enamel defects, shape anomalies, and poor oral hygiene.

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