Suicide prevention and media reporting: an evaluative study from Chandigarh

Background: Responsible reporting represent an evidence-based population-level strategy for suicide prevention.Methods: The present investigation aimed to evaluate the print media news items in leading newspapers from Chandigarh between January 2015 to December 2016 in terms of compliance to desirable media reporting guidelines issued collaboratively by WHO and International Association of Suicide Prevention.Results: A total of 284 news item from English and Hindi newspapers were evaluated for compliance using a 12 item checklist. The data was analysed for frequency in terms of compliance to each item of checklist. The compliance was also compared in English and Hindi news papers. 92% of the news items failed to educate public on the complex issue of suicide and related mental illness. 60% news items portrayed it in a sensationalizing way. 98.5% news items revealed the identity of the suicide victim, much in contradiction to what guidelines promote.Conclusions: There is overall poor compliance to media reporting guidelines. The present study highlights a strong need for a country like India to develop and implement media reporting guidelines at a policy level.

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Do Tamil newspapers educate the public about suicide? Content analysis from a high suicide Union Territory in India

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764020933296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 785-791 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vikas Menon ◽

Charanya Kaliamoorthy ◽

Vivekanandhan Kavanoor Sridhar ◽

Natarajan Varadharajan ◽

Rini Joseph ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Population Level ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Reporting Guidelines ◽

World Health ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Media Reporting ◽

The Public ◽

Reporting Practices

Background: Responsible media reporting of suicide is a key population-level suicide prevention strategy. Thus far, there has been no systematic analysis of media reporting of suicide in Puducherry, a consistently high suicide burden state in India. Aim: To evaluate the adherence of media reports of suicide against the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines in Puducherry. Method: We conducted a year-round content analysis of all suicide-related reports in the two most widely read vernacular dailies of Puducherry. We used a pre-defined data extraction form and coded each item based on the WHO reporting guidelines. Results: A total of 318 suicide reports were retrieved. Harmful reporting practices such as mentioning the method of suicide (99.1%), description of the steps involved (68.2%) and location of suicide (86.5%), monocausal explanations (91.8%), and inciting life events (52.5%) were common. Helpful practices such as mentioning warning signs (1.3%), recognizing links with mental health disorders (3.8%) and effects on bereaved persons (2.2%) were rare. Only one article (0.31%) included any content related to educational/preventive aspects of suicide. Conclusion: Media reporting of suicide in Puducherry, India, does not adhere to reporting guidelines and there is very little focus on educating the public about preventive aspects of suicide. Urgent efforts are warranted to improve the quality of media reporting which should include the development of national guidelines on suicide reporting and collaborative efforts that take into account barriers and perspectives of media professionals.

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Fidelity and Its Relationship to Implementation Effectiveness, Adaptation, and Dissemination

10.1093/oso/9780190683214.003.0016 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennifer D. Allen ◽

Rachel C. Shelton ◽

Karen M. Emmons ◽

Laura A. Linnan

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Implementation Fidelity ◽

Population Level ◽

The United States ◽

Dissemination And Implementation ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Health Gains ◽

Significant Public Health ◽

Research Continuum

There is substantial variability in the implementation of evidence-based interventions across the United States, which leads to inconsistent access to evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies at a population level. Increased dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions could result in significant public health gains. While the availability of evidence-based interventions is increasing, study of implementation, adaptation, and dissemination has only recently gained attention in public health. To date, insufficient attention has been given to the issue of fidelity. Consideration of fidelity is necessary to balance the need for internal and external validity across the research continuum. There is also a need for a more robust literature to increase knowledge about factors that influence fidelity, strategies for maximizing fidelity, methods for measuring and analyzing fidelity, and examining sources of variability in implementation fidelity.

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Evidence or Evidence Based Practice? An Analysis of IASL Research Forum Papers, 1998-2009

Evidence Based Library and Information Practice ◽

10.18438/b8w04b ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Marcia A. Mardis

Keyword(s):

Evidence Based Practice ◽

International Association ◽

School Library ◽

Academic Research ◽

Research Articles ◽

Evidence Based ◽

School Librarians ◽

Research Reporting ◽

Library Research ◽

Or Practice

Objective - Conferences are essential opportunities for professional development and for learning about research. This study analyses papers presented in the Research Forum track of the International Association of School Librarians (IASL) conferences to determine whether the amount of school library research reporting increased or decreased over time; who (i.e., what author roles and affiliations) has written about research; which countries were represented in the research articles; what topics were discussed in research articles; and what research methodologies were used. The aim was to determine the extent to which the Research Forum provides research evidence that relates to practice. Methods - This study continues the longitudinal analysis of published school library research begun by Clyde (1996) by analyzing Research Forum papers published in IASL conference proceedings from 1998-2009 and using the same approaches and metrics as previous studies by Clyde (e.g., 1996; 2002; 2004), Clyde and Oberg (2004), and Oberg (2006). Results - Conference paper topics, author origins, quantities, and research approaches remained static through the 11 years analyzed. The analysis reveals that the papers’ authors, methods, and topics reflected those found in previous studies of school library research. As well as replicating previous studies, the role of academic research at a practitioner-based conference was investigated. Conclusions - Based on long-established imperatives from leaders in the profession, the IASL conferences provide both evidence and evidence -based practice for school librarians from all over the world. However, when scholarly research is shared at practitioner venues, it is possible that school librarians may assume that research results constitute evidence -based practice (EBP), not evidence upon which practice should be based. This distinction is important if considering that the purpose of academic research is to objectively inform, not to advocate a particular position or practice. The Research Forum can be a valuable venue for the presentation of empirical research findings and conclusions and objective program evaluations and provide a valuable complement to the evidence -based practice descriptions shared in the Professional Papers portion of the conference program. It is argued that the Research Forum must be clear in its purpose: to present the results of research; to present effective practice determined by rigorous evaluation; or to present research-supported arguments for the support of school libraries. Through a reconceptualization of EBP, the paper demonstrates how EBP is both a method and a methodology for the presentation of school library research and practice in a conference atmosphere.

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Development of a Consumer Engagement Framework

Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management ◽

10.24083/apjhm.v11i1.241 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46-49

Author(s):

Lucylynn Lizarondo ◽

Kate Kennedy ◽

Debra Kay

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Evidence Based Practice ◽

International Association ◽

Model Development ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Strategic Partnerships ◽

Consumer Engagement ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Australian Health ◽

Group Experience

Objective: The purpose of this project was to develop a Consumer Engagement Model to plan for effective baby boomer engagement to inform policy makers in the healthcare system. This is the first stage of that process. Design: Initial model development for healthcare systems based on literature review and author group experience in evidence-based practice and research, and consumer advocacy and engagement. Setting and population: South Australian health and community service systems, and healthcare professionals that work with baby boomers. Findings: To develop an evidence-based Consumer Engagement Plan, it is recommended that policy makers undertake the four steps outlined in this document to design a question, determine consumer and community segments and scope of engagement, determine the breadth and depth of engagement and address the implications, assess risk and develop strategic partnerships to ensure the Plan is evidencebased,reasonable and achievable. Conclusions: We believe this process provides a framework for planning consumer engagement and for implementation, monitoring, evaluation and review of consumer engagement for policy excellence. We propose to undertake a validation of the model thus populating the model with examples of practice-based strategies and revising the model accordingly. Abbreviations: EBP – Evidence-Based Practice; IAP2 – International Association of Public Participation; PIO – Patient Intervention and Outcome.

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Evidence-Based Medicine

10.2310/vasc.2196 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Emily R. Winslow

Keyword(s):

Evidence Based Medicine ◽

Critical Appraisal ◽

Reporting Guidelines ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Treatment Benefits ◽

Therapeutic Decisions ◽

History Of ◽

Evidence Based Surgery ◽

Key Resources ◽

Based Medicine

Descriptions of “evidence-based” approaches to medical care are now ubiquitous in both the popular press and medical journals. The term evidence-based medicine (EBM) was first coined in 1992, and over the last two decades, the field has experienced rapid growth, and its principles now permeate both graduate medical education and clinical practice. The field of EBM has been in constant evolution since its introduction and continues to undergo refinements as its principles are tested and applied in a wide variety of clinical circumstances. This review presents a brief history of EBM, EBM: fundamental tenets, a critical appraisal of a single study, reporting guidelines for single studies, a critical appraisal of a body of evidence, evidence-based surgery, and limitations in EBM. Tables list strength of evidence for treatment decisions (EBM working group), Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine revised levels of evidence for treatment benefits , “4S” approach to finding resources for EBM, critical appraisal of individual studies examining therapeutic decisions, reporting guidelines by study design, and key resources for evidence-based surgery. This review contains 6 tables and 85 references

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Managing Pain

Adult Nursing Practice ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199697410.003.0036 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Nick Allcock ◽

Ruth Day

Keyword(s):

International Association ◽

Emotional Experience ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Nursing Management ◽

Patient’S Experience ◽

Emotional Component ◽

Individual Nature ◽

The Individual

This chapter aims to provide you with the knowledge to be able to take an evidence-based approach to the nursing management of people who are experiencing pain. As a practising nurse, pain will be something that many of your patients will experience; however, one individual’s pain may be very different from another person’s. Pain can vary depending on the circumstances in which it is experienced and the individual characteristics of the person experiencing it. Understanding someone’s pain experience is therefore challenging because you cannot see someone’s pain or easily judge how bad it is, what it feels like, or how it affects him or her. This chapter provides you with knowledge and skills to recognize, assess, and manage the patient’s experience of pain effectively with evidence-based strategies. The variability of the experience of pain makes defining pain difficult. Pain is something that we have all experienced at some point in our lives and therefore, through these experiences, we have developed an understanding of what we consider to be pain. One of the most widely accepted definitions is that of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), which defines pain as:…An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. (Merskey and Bogduk,1994)…Although this definition is often quoted, the difficulty in defining pain is illustrated by the fact that the IASP added a note (go to http://www.iasp-pain.org/ and search for ‘pain definitions’) to highlight the individual nature of pain and the fact that pain is a sensory experience with an emotional component. The individual nature of pain is also highlighted by another commonly used definition:…Pain is whatever the experiencing person says it is and happens whenever he/she says it does. (McCaffery, 1972)…This definition highlights the fact that pain is an individual experience and that measuring pain objectively is difficult. Therefore asking the person and actively listening to the self-report of the experience is the best way in which to understand another person’s pain. A common criticism of McCaffery’s definition is that some people cannot say what they are experiencing.

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