scholarly journals Iatrogenic damage in restorative tooth preparation and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3708
Author(s):  
Thuraya Abdulrahim Basudan ◽  
Khalid Shami Alghaythi ◽  
Ali Abdullah Abuhabshah ◽  
Abdullah Khaled Bin Muhareb ◽  
Mastour Safar Alshahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Factors ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Iatrogenic Damage ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Extensive Damage

Iatrogenic damage in restorative teeth preparation and management constitute a significant issue that dentists and surgeons might face during and after restoration procedures. Many presentations can be observed for the injured enamel following iatrogenic damage as the presence of fine scratches, 1 mm wide vertical grooves, extensive damage and indentations. Following the occurrence of such complications, subsequent changes to the properties of the affected areas can significantly increase the risk of developing dental caries. It is essential to shedding more light on such phenomena to increase awareness among dentists and physicians and to enhance the potential outcomes. Accordingly, in this literature review, the aim was to discuss the iatrogenic damage in restorative teeth preparation and management as per evidence from the current studies in the literature. At first, the discussion was around the different types of iatrogenic injuries based on the affected regions and the incidence of adjacent teeth injury during restoration was high. Moreover, it had been discussed the potential mechanisms and contributing factors that might flare up the injury and increase the risk of significant damage induction. Hypersensitivity and using rough materials are two common factors that may induce inflammation and induce damage. Further investigations might be needed for the implication of safe practices for surgeons and dentists to enhance the outcomes.

Restoration of two great auk (Pinguinus impennis) eggs: Bourman Labrey's egg and the Scarborough egg

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-401
Author(s):  
T. R. Birkhead ◽  
G. Axon ◽  
J. R. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Black Light ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Public Museums ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Time Of Collection ◽  
Extensive Damage

Most of the approximately 75 known eggs of the extinct great auk ( Pinguinus impennis) are in public museums, with a few in private collections. A small number of these eggs has sustained damage, either at the time of collection or subsequently, and two of these eggs are known to have been repaired. The two eggs suffered rather different types of damage and were subsequently restored using different techniques. The first, known as Bourman Labrey's egg, sustained extensive damage sometime prior to the 1840s, when the shell was broken into numerous pieces. This egg was repaired by William Yarrell in the 1840s, and when it was restored again in 2018, it was discovered that Yarrell's restoration had involved the use of an elaborate cardboard armature. This egg is currently in a private collection. The second egg, known as the Scarborough egg, bequeathed to the Scarborough Museum in 1877, was damaged (by unknown causes) and repaired, probably by the then curator at Scarborough, W. J. Clarke, in 1906. This egg was damaged when one or more pieces were broken adjacent to the blowhole at the narrow end (where there was some pre-existing damage). The media reports at the time exaggerated the extent of the damage, suggesting that the egg was broken almost in two. Possible reasons for this exaggeration are discussed. Recent examination using a black light and ultraviolet (UV) revealed that the eggshell had once borne the words, “a Penguin's Egg”, that were subsequently removed by scraping.

scholarly journals Transport of engineered nanoparticles in soils and aquifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Fazeli Sangani ◽  
Gary Owens ◽  
Amir Fotovat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Background Solution ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transport Behaviour ◽  
The Media

Transport and deposition behaviour of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in natural aquifers and soil systems is a key determinant of the fate of these materials in environmental systems. A growing number of experimental studies are being conducted worldwide to address transport and deposition of ENPs in porous media (PM). Here we comprehensively review the main mechanisms and factors affecting the mobility of the environmentally important ENPs in natural PM. A variety of different processes including those that promote mobility and result in elution from the PM and those that hinder their mobility and promote ENP retention can influence ENP’s mobility through soil and aquifer media. The most important contributing factors regarding ENP transport in PM include: the physicochemical properties of the ENP, the media, the hydrodynamics of the system, and the background solution characteristics. Results from several studies conducted on the most common and environmentally important ENPs have shown that under natural environmental conditions, different types of ENPs show different transport behaviour in soil and aquifer systems. Additionally, the importance of media matrix and mobile solution factors in governing mobility of ENPs varies from one type of ENP to another.

scholarly journals Mitigating Effects of Climate Change and Deforestation on Bees With Respect to Their Ecology and Biology

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Musiliyu Oladipupo Mustafa ◽  
Olubusola Temitope Adeoye ◽  
Folorunso Ishaq Abdulalzeez ◽  
Olukayode Dare Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Populous Country

<p>Deforestation occurs around the world; though tropical rainforests are particularly targeted, it is considered to be one of the contributing factors to global climate change. While Nigeria is probably best known today for its oil deposits, according to the World Resources Institute, Nigeria is home to 4,715 different types of plant species, and over 550 species of breeding birds and mammals, making it one of the most ecologically vibrant places of the planet. It is also one of the most populous country with appalling deforestation record. This situation is hence making our ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture and other natural endowments highly unsecured. The Forest provides excellent resources for bees and beekeeping, and bees are a vital part of forest ecosystems. Bees are essential for sustaining our environment because they</p><p>Pollinate flowering plants and conserves biological biodiversity along with their products (honey, propolis, bee wax, royal jelly and bee venom) which are beneficial to man. Conservation of the forest is therefore imperative for sustainable beekeeping. The study reviews the different causes of climate change and how they affect different natural forest activities which are weather-dependent. Also how climate change and other causes (both natural and man-made) lead to deforestation, which in turn distort sustainable honey production in Nigeria. Different sustainable measures hoped to alleviate the effects of climate change and deforestation where also discussed. </p>

Bacitracin Determination in Feeds: Evaluation of Methods

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 980-990
Author(s):  
Hussein S Ragheb
Keyword(s):  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

Abstract Assay of bacitracin activity in feeds is subject to many sources of variation. Bacitracin standards are complex mixtures and may contain various amounts of less active forms of bacitracin. Test organisms may respond differently to these mixtures. Collaborative studies should involve the use of one standard, perhaps USP zinc bacitracin. The use of different types of bacitracin standards (regular or zinc) in a laboratory may contribute to variation in sample potency. The pyridine extraction method is subject to serious operational difficulties. Among the contributing factors are incomplete evaporation of pyridine (causing positive bias), allowing the temperature to increase too much during evaporation (causing negative bias), and the numerous manipulative steps in the technique (causing large variability). Because of these factors and the toxic properties of pyridine, the method finds little use. Methanol extraction offers a better substitute for determining zinc or methylene disalicylate bacitracin in premixes and complete feeds by the plate method.

KOSHI SHUNJŪ

Early China ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Lothar von Falkenhausen
Keyword(s):  
Historical Records ◽  
Warring States Period ◽  
Warring States ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sima Qian ◽  
Western Zhou ◽  
Extensive Damage

The Fuyang bamboo-strip “Annals” was compiled prior to 165 B.C., at least sixty or seventy years earlier than Sima Qian edited the various chronological tables in the Shiji. The “Annals,” which begins about the time of the Gong He interregnum of the Western Zhou and continues through the time of Qin Shi huangdi, seems to be incompatible with the “Qin Records” and was perhaps compiled using the “Historical Records” of some state other than Qin. It possibly includes two different types of tables: one in which years denominate the vertical columns and statenames the horizontal rows, with events recorded therein horizontally; and one that records the number of years that the feudal lords reigned. Although extensive damage makes it impossible to reconstitute the “Annals,” it can still provide useful information regarding some historical questions, such as the Warring States-period states of “East Zhou” and “West Zhou,” the appellations “Current King” and “Current Duke,” etc.

Conclusion

Gaming Sexism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Cote
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Future Work

Collectively, the chapters of this book demonstrate that despite gaming’s perceived diversification, many barriers to true equality between different types of gamers persist. Therefore, the conclusion of this book invites readers to consider what is lost when sexism and misogyny are allowed to persist within a significant subsection of popular culture, demonstrating how inequality in this area can affect broader power structures as well. However, the conclusion also affirms women’s continuing efforts to achieve equality and calls for greater support as they continue to navigate gender and gamer identities on their own terms. The conclusion wraps up, discussing the book’s limitations, calling for future work, and assessing the potential outcomes of a crisis of authority.

Integrity of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint: A Biomechanical Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Prieskorn ◽  
Stan Graves ◽  
Michael Yen ◽  
Ray John ◽  
Schultz Randy
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Plantar Plate ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fresh Frozen

Five fresh-frozen cadaver feet obtained from traumatic amputations were tested during hyperdorsiflexion stress of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Three different types of injury were observed: (1) rupture of the capsule proximal to the sesamoids, (2) rupture of the plantar plate distal to the sesamoids, and (3) rupture of the capsular structures medially, allowing a lateral swing of the sesamoids around the metatarsal head. Incomplete dislocation can be associated with significant damage to the plantar plate and other soft tissues of the foot.

Some Notes on the Organization of the Han Dynasty Bamboo “Annals” Found at Fuyang

Early China ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Pingsheng
Keyword(s):  
Han Dynasty ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Warring States Period ◽  
Warring States ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sima Qian ◽  
Western Zhou ◽  
Extensive Damage

The Fuyang bamboo-strip “Annals” was compiled prior to 165 B.C., at least sixty or seventy years earlier than Sima Qian edited the various chronological tables in the Shiji. The “Annals,” which begins about the time of the Gong He interregnum of the Western Zhou and continues through the time of Qin Shi huangdi, seems to be incompatible with the “Qin Records” and was perhaps compiled using the “Historical Records” of some state other than Qin. It possibly includes two different types of tables: one in which years denominate the vertical columns and statenames the horizontal rows, with events recorded therein horizontally; and one that records the number of years that the feudal lords reigned. Although extensive damage makes it impossible to reconstitute the “Annals,” it can still provide useful information regarding some historical questions, such as the Warring States-period states of “East Zhou” and “West Zhou,” the appellations “Current King” and “Current Duke,” etc.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE IN THE TREATMENT OF IATROGENIC DAMAGE OF THE URETERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V N Shirshov ◽  
D N Doronchuk ◽  
O Ê Shatirishvily ◽  
I M Konstantinova ◽  
V Yu Obolonkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Iatrogenic Damage ◽  
Clinical Cases

The article discusses the literature data and clinical cases in the author’s hospital of iatrogenic injuries of ureters following the pelvic surgery, the diagnosis and the treatment.

scholarly journals Correction: Different Types of Door-Opening Motions as Contributing Factors to Containment Failures in Hospital Isolation Rooms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian W. Tang ◽  
Andre Nicolle ◽  
Jovan Pantelic ◽  
Christian A. Klettner ◽  
Ruikun Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Different Types
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