Demographic and KAP determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal: a cross-sectional study in Indian population

Background: Recent rise in vaccine non-acceptance is a threat to global health, especially with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Examining the intentions of the Indian population towards the COVID-19 vaccine and the determinants of vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal is of utmost importance.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional web-based anonymous survey, using pre-validated questionnaires. Demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice characteristics were collected, and a binary logistic regression was applied to analyse the association between these characteristics and the participants’ intention to for the COVID-19 vaccine. Reasons for vaccine non-acceptance were then determined using a pre-validated vaccine hesitancy questionnaire.Results: Out of the 1172 non-vaccinated participants, 190 (16.2%) refused vaccination, and 219 (18.6%) were hesitant. Adequate knowledge about the COVID-19 disease, made people less likely to be hesitant for vaccination (OR=0.39; 95% CI=0.27-0.57), and less likely to refuse it (OR=0.41; 95% CI=0.27-0.61). Females had a higher tendency to refuse the vaccination (OR=1.47; 95% CI=1.02-2.14), or to be hesitant for it (OR=1.80; 95% CI=1.29-2.52). Social media played an important role in decreasing vaccination refusal (OR=0.40; 95% CI=0.22-0.73), when compared to evidence-based literature.Conclusions: Knowledge about the COVID-19 disease can help people make a more informed decision towards vaccination, and social media can be utilised as a medium to address the gaps in knowledge of the Indian population.

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The Uptake and Vaccination Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccine among Chinese Residents: Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010090 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Yi Kong ◽

Hao Jiang ◽

Zhisheng Liu ◽

Yi Guo ◽

Dehua Hu

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Health ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Difference ◽

High Level

Objective: To investigate the uptake and vaccination willingness of the COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese residents and analyze the difference and factors that impact vaccination. Methods: The snowball sampling method was used to distribute online questionnaires. Relevant sociodemographic data along with the circumstances of COVID-19 vaccination were collected from the respondents. The χ2 test, independent samples t test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 786 respondents, 84.22% had been vaccinated. Over 80% of the vaccinated population have completed all the injections because of supporting the national vaccination policies of China, while the unvaccinated population (23.91%) is mainly due to personal health status. Meanwhile, statistical analysis revealed that the main predictors of not being vaccinated were younger age (3 to 18 years old), personal health status, and lower vaccinated proportion of family members and close friends (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a high level of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China, and people who have not been vaccinated generally had a low willingness to vaccinate in the future. Based on our results, it suggested the next work to expand the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccination should be concentrated on targeted publicity and education for people who have not been vaccinated.

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Community Engagement in the Fight Against COVID-19: Knowledge, Attitude, and Prevention Practices Among Dire Dawa Residents, Eastern Ethiopia

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.753867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Abdurezak Umer ◽

Kedir Abdella ◽

Yared Tekle ◽

Addisalem Debebe ◽

Tsegahun Manyazewal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Good Practice ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Crude Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Dire Dawa

Background: There is a global concern that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cannot be addressed without the integration and active engagement of communities. We aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the residents in Eastern Ethiopia toward COVID-19.Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on May 1–30, 2020 among the residents of Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire on the awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices toward COVID-19. We used random sampling to select the participants. Data was entered into the statistics and data (STATA) version for data cleaning and analysis. Binary logistic regression models with 95% CI were used to conduct bivariable [crude odds ratio (COR)] and multivariable [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)] analyses.Result: A total of 415 community residents responded to the questionnaire. Of those participants, 52.5% (95% CI 47.7–57) had adequate knowledge, 31.6% (95% CI 27–36) had favorable attitudes, and 49% (95% CI 45–50) had good practice toward the precautionary measures of COVID-19. Adequate knowledge had a significant association with urban residence (AOR = 5, 95% CI 3.1–8.4) and literacy (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.5–6.7). Good preventions practices had a significant association with place of residence (AOR = 4.1, 95% CI 2.3–7.2), literacy (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1,2–7.4), adequate knowledge (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI 2.3–5.8), and favorable attitude (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.4–3.8) about the disease.Conclusion: The overall COVID-19-related KAP was inadequate in the majority of the residents of Dire Dawa that occupy irregular migration flows. These call for robust community-centered behavioral communication strategies that could bridge the gaps and help prevent and control COVID-19 and other future pandemics in their community.

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Algerian medical students: a cross-sectional study in five universities.

10.1101/2021.08.29.21261803 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed amine Kerdoun ◽

Hamza Abdellah Henni ◽

Assia Yamoun ◽

Amine Rahmani ◽

Rym Messaouda Kerdoun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Educational Strategy ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Acceptance ◽

Vaccine Refusal ◽

Available Information

Vaccine hesitancy is a limiting factor in global efforts to contain the current pandemic, wreaking havoc on public health. As today's students are tomorrow's doctors, it is critical to understand their attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine. To our knowledge, this study was the first national one to look into the attitudes of Algerian medical students toward the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine using an electronic convenience survey. 383 medical students from five Algerian universities were included, with a mean age of 21.02. 85.37% (n=327) of respondents had not taken the COVID-19 vaccine yet and were divided into three groups; the vaccine acceptance group (n=175, 53.51%), the vaccine-hesitant group (n=75, 22.93%), and the vaccine refusal group (n=77, 23.54%). Gender, age, education level, university, and previous experience with COVID-19 were not significant predictors for vaccine acceptance. The confirmed barriers to the COVID-19 vaccine concern available information, effectiveness, safety, and adverse effects. This work highlights the need for an educational strategy about the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. Medical students should be educated about the benefits of vaccination for themselves and their families and friends. The Vaccine acceptant students' influence should not be neglected with a possible ambassador role to hesitant and resistant students.

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Eye Health among Public Sector Eye Health Workers in South Africa

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182312513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 12513

Author(s):

Zamadonda Xulu-Kasaba ◽

Khathutshelo Mashige ◽

Kovin Naidoo

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Health Workers ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Eye Health ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

In South Africa, primary eye care is largely challenged in its organisational structure, availability of human and other resources, and clinical competency. These do meet the standard required by the National Department of Health. This study seeks to assess the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on eye health amongst Human Resources for eye health (HReH) and their managers, as no study has assessed this previously. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 11 districts of a South African province. A total of 101 participants completed self-administered, close-ended, Likert-scaled questionnaires anonymously. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted, and values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Most participants had adequate knowledge (81.6%), positive attitudes (69%), and satisfactory practices (73%) in eye health. HReH showed better knowledge than their managers (p < 0.01). Participants with a university degree, those aged 30–44 years, and those employed for <5 years showed a good attitude (p < 0.05) towards their work. Managers, who supervise and plan for eye health, were 99% less likely to practice adequately in eye health when compared with HReH (aOR = 0.012; p < 0.01). Practices in eye health were best amongst participants with an undergraduate degree, those aged 30–44 years (aOR = 2.603; p < 0.05), and participants with <5 years of employment (aOR = 26.600; p < 0.01). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices were found to be significantly moderately correlated with each other (p < 0.05). Eye health managers have poorer knowledge and practices of eye health than the HReH. A lack of direction is presented by the lack of adequately trained directorates for eye health. It is therefore recommended that policymakers review appointment requirements to ensure that adequately trained and qualified directorates be appointed to manage eye health in each district.

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THE AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS VACCINATION IN MAKKAH REGION, SAUDI ARABIA, 2019

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/11882 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 597-602

Author(s):

Ayman Bakr ◽

◽

Sarah Alhamyani ◽

Raghad Alqurashi ◽

Amal Alnemari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Parental Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

P Value ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

The Impact

In the last few years there have been a lot of argument and false accusations about vaccination, resulting in decrease the rate of vaccines uptake. Researches has shown that parents vaccines compliance are highly influence by many factors. This study aims to understand the reasons behind vaccine hesitancy and if the parents believe in the existence of the preventable diseases by vaccination? In this context, vaccine hesitancy defined as delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccinations. This was a cross- sectional study conducted across Makkah, Jeddah, and Taif city. An online survey was distributed in period between 1 September – 1 November targeting Saudi parents of all children under the age of 12 randomly. The survey included demographics data, parental knowledge and attitude, vaccine hesitancy prevalence. The sample size was 384. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the association between knowledge and awareness to vaccines uptake. Analysis of the responses demonstrate that 93.6% of the sample study favor of vaccines, 6.1% of the sample study not favor of vaccines because they dont have adequate knowledge on vaccines, 2.5% of them think that vaccines are not important, 3.8% of them think that vaccines can cause harmful effects over its benefits, 1.5% of them have previous bad experience regarding vaccination. We found significant relation between knowledge and attitude score to the education level with level of significance 95% (p-value <0.05).Risingthe society education can help in minimizing the impact of vaccine hesitancy problem.

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Knowledge, Attitude and Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Indian Population : a Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1197875/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aditya Soni ◽

Devanshi Tripathi ◽

Manju Bhaskar ◽

Rujul Modi

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Vaccine Safety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Additional Information ◽

Study Participants ◽

Vaccine Availability

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic keeping on to devastate the world. A vaccine provides the best hope to control the pandemic. Understanding vaccine acceptance is important, because there is relatively high vaccine hesitancy for existing vaccines and relatively low vaccination coverage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants included are adults between the age group of 18-29 years (n=100). This is a cross-sectional, web based observational study conducted over a period of 1 month. An online survey is carried out through distribution of questionnaire via social network with snow ball effect. RESULTS: A total 100 participants were included in the study. Almost more than half (55%) of the young adults aged between 18 and 29 years were oblivious about the COVID-19 vaccine availability, followed by 22% person aged between 30-39 years and 22% of the persons aged between 40- 59 years and around 1% of more than 60 years were oblivious about the vaccine availability. Among the study participants, nearly 40% were willing to take COVID-19 vaccine when it is available for use and only 30% did not want the vaccination. CONCLUSION: The most dominant factor for vaccine hesitancy is because of adverse effects following immunization. Vaccine acceptability may be increased once additional information about vaccine safety and efficacy is available in the public domain, preferably from a trusted, centralized source of information.

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Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccination among Healthcare Workers in Sudan: A Cross Sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-745232/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amna Khairy ◽

Esra Mahgoob ◽

Mohammad Nimir ◽

Mohammed Ahmed ◽

Mawahib Jubara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nursing Profession ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Acceptance ◽

Web Based ◽

Perceived Harm ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction: Following emergency approval of COVID-19 vaccines, several studies have investigated COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy especially among healthcare workers (HCWs). Nevertheless, the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine by HCWs in Sudan remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and it’s determinants among the HCWs. Methods: A web-based cross sectional study design was used to study COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated determinants. The semi-structured questionnaire was distributed electronically, data collection took place from March-April 2021. Results: A total of 576 HCWs have responded to the survey with mean age of 35 years. The majority were females (53.3%), Medical Doctors (55.4%), and located in the capital state; Khartoum (76.0%). The absolute refusal of COVID-19 vaccine was expressed by 16% of the respondents while 57% were willing to get vaccinated. Males were twice to four times more likely to accept the vaccine. Lower acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine was significantly associated with the nursing profession (OR= 0.35, 95% CI:0.15-0.82, P<0.00), increased perceived harm from the vaccine (OR= 0.11, 95% CI: 0.05-0.23, P <0.00), lack of confidence in the source of vaccine (OR= 0.16, 95% CI:0.08-0.31, P=0.00), organizations and government supervising COVID-19 vaccination process ( OR=0.31, 95% CI:0.17-0.58 P=0.00). Conclusion: This study highlights a moderate level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability by the HCWs in Sudan. Effective communication of correct, regular, up-to-date evidence on the safety and effectiveness of vaccines is crucial to building trust in vaccines. Special consideration should be in place to address vaccine hesitancy among female HCWs and the nursing profession.

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Knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic in the community: a cross-sectional web-based survey in India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204246 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 3652

Author(s):

Shruti Shukla ◽

Prerana Deotale

Keyword(s):

Positive Attitude ◽

Indian Population ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Public ◽

Item Questionnaire ◽

A Current

Background: Coronavirus disease is a current new virulent disease rising its transmission and fatality with each passing day globally. People’s observance of the prevention measures is essential for controlling the spread of COVID-19, which is affected by their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices towards COVID-19 in the community in India.Methods: Present descriptive cross-sectional study was a web-based survey carried out between 15th July and 19th July 2020 among 570 participants in Maharashtra, India. A 30-item questionnaire distributed among the public using Google forms through social media networks.Results: 97.4% participants knew contact with the infected person as a mode of transmission for COVID-19. Common symptoms of COVID-19 reported were difficulty in breathing (96.3%), fever (90.7%), cough (88.9%), sore throat (82.8%), etc. The majority of participants (>90%) had correct knowledge about preventive measures to stop the spread of COVID-19. Around 80% had a positive attitude that India will win the battle against the disease. More than 90% were practicing appropriate preventive measures while going out.Conclusions: Majority of the Indian population demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitude, and good practices regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Knowledge, attitude and practice among Ophthalmic Health Care Personnel (HCP) towards COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal: A web-based cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.08.13.20174052 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dr Zahir Ansari ◽

Dr Babu Dhanendra Chaurasiya ◽

Dr Sirjana Adhikari ◽

Dr Uday Chandra Prakash ◽

Bikram Adhikari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Attitude ◽

Good Practice ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Being an added high-risk group, ophthalmic HCP are actively providing emergency eye care services, also enthusiastically participating in prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among ophthalmic HCP towards COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of lockdown among ophthalmic HCP including consultant ophthalmologist, resident, optometrist, ophthalmic assistant, nursing staff, and other paramedics of eye care centers in Nepal. The KAP questionnaire was designed and distributed online. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and binary logistic regression. All tests were performed at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 694 participants, the majority were male (59.1%) from the age group 31-40 years (41.5%) and tertiary eye center (68.9%). Among ophthalmic HCP, there were 29.8% consultants ophthalmologist, 22.6% residents, 23.3% optometrist, 15% ophthalmic assistant, and 9.2% other ophthalmic paramedics, 11.7% working as front-liners in COVID-19 centers. Findings showed, 98.1% had good knowledge, 59.4% had a positive attitude and only 13.3% had good practice regarding COVID-19. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated the age of HCP to be a significant determinant of good knowledge (Crude Odds Ratio (COR)=0.72, 95%CI=0.62-0.82), positive attitude (COR=0.92, 95%CI=0.90-0.94) and good practice (COR=1.16, 95%CI=1.10-1.21). Lower odds of poor practice was seen among junior resident (COR=0.26, 95% CI=0.14-0.47) and higher odds of poor practice was seen among HCP with job experience of 5-10 years (COR=2.38, 95% CI=1.23-4.60) towards COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The majority of ophthalmic HCP have good knowledge, insufficient positive attitude, and inadequate evidence-based practice towards the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. Hence, this study conclusively recommends to modify existing guidelines and formulate new policies to improve KAP among ophthalmic HCP to effectively control the spread of COVID-19.

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Hesitancy towards COVID-19 Vaccines: An Analytical Cross–Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5111

Author(s):

Abdelkarim Aloweidi ◽

Isam Bsisu ◽

Aiman Suleiman ◽

Sami Abu-Halaweh ◽

Mahmoud Almustafa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Educational Background ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Medical Field ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Field Workers

Vaccination is the most promising strategy to counter the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine hesitancy is a serious global phenomenon, and therefore the aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the effect of educational background, work field, and social media on attitudes towards vaccination in Jordan. We compared between medical personnel who were in direct contact with patients and non-medical individuals at Jordan University Hospital in terms of demographics, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, rumors received via social media, their trust in these vaccines, and the encouraging factors for vaccination. 646 individuals were enrolled in this study, of which 287 (44.4%) were from medical field, and 359 (55.6%) from non-medical field. 226 (35%) were planning to take the vaccine once available, with a positive response from 131 (45.6%) medical field workers, compared to 94 (26.2%) non-medical individuals (p < 0.001). The social media rumor that was believed the most was the unsafety of these vaccines (n = 283; 43.8%). Only 163 (56.8%) of medical persons did not believe any of the circulated rumors, compared to 126 (35.1%) of non-medical persons (p < 0.001). The effect of medical personnel advice (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.98; p = 0.026) and social media (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.41; p = 0.012) were significantly associated with the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine once available. In conclusion, medical personnel and social media play a crucial role in increasing the society’s inclination towards vaccination by providing the community with updated evidence-based information about COVID-19 vaccines as an efficient medical countermeasure and by correcting the previously spread misinformation.

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