scholarly journals Effect of delayed elective surgeries during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Siddiqui ◽  
Shouq S. Alrumayh ◽  
Nada T. Alothman ◽  
Saad A. Al Rheman ◽  
Ali H. Alsalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The field of surgery has been greatly affected during the pandemic due to the shift of resources to manage the huge numbers of COVID-19 cases. In this study, we aim to review the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on elective surgeries and the subsequent complications, in addition to the previously announced preparations and precautions for performing surgeries whenever indicated. Preparations include the availability of resources and performing each surgery in separate rooms away from other wards within the hospital to prevent any possibility of nosocomial infections. Moreover, limiting the number of individuals within the operation room and wearing personal protective equipment should be done. Limiting hospital visits and reducing in-hospital stays is also recommended. Regarding cancer operations, malignant tumors that were indicated for surgeries cannot be postponed. However, other non-malignant ones can be delayed depending on the pathologist's perspective and the symptomatology of the tumor. Besides, other surgeries like plastic and reconstructive ones can be re-scheduled. Additionally, most surgeries like urologic, orthopedic, and neurological operations can be delayed unless they are associated with a life-threatening lesion that can only be healed by surgical interference. On the other hand, palliative surgeries aiming to manage obstructions of the gastrointestinal tract cannot be delayed.

Covalent organic framework based multifunctional self-sanitizing facemask

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Bin Dong ◽  
Luo-Gang Ding ◽  
Song Wang ◽  
Bingjian Yao ◽  
Wen-Xiu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Covalent Organic Framework ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Organic Framework

As an important personal protective equipment (PPE), facemasks play an important role in self-protection during disastrous COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses pandemic. On the other hand, massive utilization of disposable...

scholarly journals Development of Tribo-Electroceutical Fabrics for Potential Application in Self-sanitizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayan Bayan ◽  
Aniruddha Adhikari ◽  
Uttam Pal ◽  
Ria Ghosh ◽  
Susmita Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Mechanistic Pathway ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Functional Prototype

AbstractAttachment of microbial bodies including coronavirus on the surface of personal protective equipment (PPE) is found to be potential threat of spreading infection. Here, we report the development of a novel tribo-electroceutical fabric (TECF) consisting of commonly available materials namely Nylon, and Silicone Rubber (SR) for the fabrication of protective gloves on Nitrile platform, as a model wearable PPE. A small triboelectric device (2 cm × 2 cm) consisting of SR and Nylon on Nitrile can generate more than 20 volt transient or 41 µW output power, which is capable of charging a capacitor up to 65 V in only ∼50 sec. The novelty of the present work relies on the TECF led anti-microbial activity through the generation of an electric current in saline water. The fabrication of TECF based functional prototype gloves can generate hypochlorite ions through the formation of electrolysed water upon rubbing them with saline water. Further a computational modelling has been employed to reveal the optimum structure and mechanistic pathway of anti-microbial hypochlorite generation. Detailed anti-microbial assays have been performed to establish effectiveness of such TECF based gloves to reduce the risk from life threatening pathogen spreading. The present work provides the rationale to consider the studied TECF, or other material with comparable properties, as material of choice for the development of self-sanitizing PPE in the fight against microbial infections including COVID-19.

scholarly journals Histopathological Distribution of the Gastrointestinal Tract Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1529-1534
Author(s):  
Mrinalini Singh ◽  
Santosh Upadhyaya Kafle ◽  
Neeta Kafle ◽  
Amrita Sinha ◽  
Prasun Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are common and can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus.  Diseases can just shows clinical conditions like stomach pain, constipation, diarrhea which can be self- limiting. But sometimes disease may be life-threatening like malignancy. Biopsy is necessary for confirmatory diagnosis and further treatment of the patient. So histopathologic examination is  a must for all surgical procedures for confirmation and categorization of GI disorders. Objectives: This study was done to find out the various patterns of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract with its commonest age group and sex involvement Methodology: This was a prospective study of all the surgically resected GI tissue received in the Department of Pathology Histopathology unit in Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital (BMCTH) from 1st February 2021 to 30 thApril 2021.The hematoxylin and eosin stain slides of the GI tissue received were studied and the lesions were diagnosed on their histomorphology.  According to organ, age and sex, the lesions were categorized. The data were entered in Microsoft excel and the percentage value was calculated. Results: Out of the total 344 cases 146(42.44%) were male and 198(57.56%) were female patients. The most common age range for GI lesions was 41 to 60 years comprising of 126(36.62%) of total cases. Maximum numbers of cases 160 (46.50%) were of cholecystectomies followed by appendectomies 95(27.60%). Inflammatory and benign lesions comprised 332(96.51%), 9(2.61%) were malignant tumor and 3(0.88%) were premalignant lesions. The most common inflammatory lesions and malignant tumors were chronic cholecystitis and gastric adenocarcinoma respectively Conclusions: The study identifies that gastrointestinal lesions comprise of the most common biopsies received in the histopathology department. Early diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions can improve the overall survival rate of patients.

scholarly journals Way Forward: Gastrointestinal Tract Endoscopy Work Flow Postlockdown Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 89-91
Author(s):  
Randhir Sud ◽  
Sukrit Sud
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Work Flow ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Equipment Usage ◽  
Staff Protection ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

AbstractGastrointestinal tract endoscopy being an aerosol generating procedure increases the risk to staff and uninfected patients from a coronavirus disease 2019 patient. Social and physical distancing through “lockdown” has suppressed the spread of disease but will not eradicate it. Various endoscopy societies formulated guidelines to triage the patients and limit the work to only emergency and urgent cases and postpone “routine” endoscopies. Postlockdown infected vector pool will persist till an effective vaccine is widely available. Nonurgent cases cannot be postponed indefinitely. We need to identify infected symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals and create a safe environment for uninfected patients. Endoscopy staff protection through education, optimized manpower flow, and personal protective equipment usage and hand hygiene needs urgent attention. Proper environment sanitization, endoscope, and device reprocessing will remain important.

scholarly journals Massively bleeding Dieulafoy lesion and unique rescue: a video based case report from National Liver Institute, Menoufia University

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omkolsoum Alhaddad ◽  
Maha Elsabaawy ◽  
Ahmed Elfaioumy ◽  
Ashraf Eljaky
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Endoscopic Hemostasis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Endoscopic Management ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Over The Scope Clip ◽  
Dieulafoy Lesion

Abstract Background Dieulafoy arteriole is a lamina propria vessel that unlike the other arterioles is getting bigger and bending into the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Such anatomic aberration is unusual cause for life threatening gastrointestinal bleeds. Case presentation Herein, we report a case of an elderly gentleman, who had massively bleeding Dieulafoy lesion and endoscopic hemostasis of the spurting Dieulafoy by the use of the over-the-scope clip (OVESCO, Tübingen, Germany) has been successfully undertaken. Conclusion The endoscopic management of Dieulafoy related bleeds can be enriched by the use of over-the-scope clip, OVESCO, technique.

scholarly journals Aerosol Retention Characteristics of Barrier Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Richard L. Fidler ◽  
Christopher R. Niedek ◽  
Justin J. Teng ◽  
Mary E. Sturgeon ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Smoke ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Particle Counts

Background Disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with inoculation dose. This has triggered interest in intubation barrier devices to block droplet exposure; however, aerosol protection with these devices is not known. This study hypothesized that barrier devices reduce aerosol outside of the barrier. Methods Aerosol containment in closed, semiclosed, semiopen, and open barrier devices was investigated: (1) “glove box” sealed with gloves and caudal drape, (2) “drape tent” with a drape placed over a frame, (3) “slit box” with armholes and caudal end covered by vinyl slit diaphragms, (4) original “aerosol box,” (5) collapsible “interlocking box,” (6) “simple drape” over the patient, and (7) “no barrier.” Containment was investigated by (1) vapor instillation at manikin’s right arm with video-assisted visual evaluation and (2) submicrometer ammonium sulfate aerosol particles ejected through the manikin’s mouth with ventilation and coughs. Samples were taken from standardized locations inside and around the barriers using a particle counter and a mass spectrometer. Aerosol evacuation from the devices was measured using standard hospital suction, a surgical smoke evacuator, and a Shop-Vac. Results Vapor experiments demonstrated leakage via arm holes and edges. Only closed and semiclosed devices and the aerosol box reduced aerosol particle counts (median [25th, 75th percentile]) at the operator’s mouth compared to no barrier (combined median 29 [−11, 56], n = 5 vs. 157 [151, 166], n = 5). The other barrier devices provided less reduction in particle counts (133 [128, 137], n = 5). Aerosol evacuation to baseline required 15 min with standard suction and the Shop-Vac and 5 min with a smoke evacuator. Conclusions Barrier devices may reduce exposure to droplets and aerosol. With meticulous tucking, the glove box and drape tent can retain aerosol during airway management. Devices that are not fully enclosed may direct aerosol toward the laryngoscopist. Aerosol evacuation reduces aerosol content inside fully enclosed devices. Barrier devices must be used in conjunction with body-worn personal protective equipment. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

scholarly journals ANALISIS ANGKA KUMAN UDARA DI RUANG PERAWATAN KELAS III RUMAH SAKIT DKT KOTA BENGKULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 020-024
Author(s):  
Delly Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Treatment Room ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Expected Increase

Air is one important element in the life of living creatures of the earth and a gas mixturecontained in a layer that surrounds the Earth . Air can also act as a means of nosocomial infection .Classrooms III which is the room most at risk of nosocomial infections , where one room within thebed did not qualify and the officer did not use personal protective equipment. The research objectivewas to determine the total number of bacteria in the treatment room air class III special room 1 maleand 2 women’s rooms in room sick DKT Bengkulu city. This type of research is qualitativedescriptive approach a study that describes the number of total number of bacteria in the air in a ClassIII hospital treatment DKT city of Bengkulu. Based on the results of the study the total number of airgerms in the classroom III consists of one room for boys is 511 CFU /m3 and women’s room 2 is 556CFU / m3 . Personal hyigene expected increase for staff and visitors to wash their hands obedientlybefore and after the entrance of the room.

scholarly journals Flattening the Curve: The effects of intervention strategies during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Reagan ◽  
Rachel Pryor ◽  
Gonzalo Bearman ◽  
David Chan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
State Level ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Peak Number ◽  
Number Of Individuals

COVID-19 has plagued countries worldwide due to its infectious nature. Social distancing and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) are two main strategies employed to prevent its spread. A SIR model with a time-dependent transmission rate is implemented to examine the effect of social distancing and PPE use in hospitals. These strategies’ effect on the size and timing of the peak number of infectious individuals are examined as well as the total number of individuals infected by the epidemic. The effect on the epidemic of when social distancing is relaxed is also examined. Overall, social distancing was shown to cause the largest impact in the number of infections. Studying this interaction between social distancing and PPE use is novel and timely. We show that decisions made at the state level on implementing social distancing and acquiring adequate PPE have dramatic impact on the health of its citizens.

scholarly journals Are German endoscopy units prepared for the COVID-19 pandemic? A nationwide survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Garbe ◽  
Stephan Eisenmann ◽  
Clara S. Heidemann ◽  
Marko Damm ◽  
Sebastian Krug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
German Society ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
List Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
New Findings

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic challenges health care systems worldwide. In this situation, guidelines for health care professionals in endoscopy units with increased risk of infection from inhalation of airborne droplets, conjunctival contact and faeces are urgently needed. Recently, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and the German Society for Pneumology (DGP) issued recommendations. However, real-world data on the conditions and requirements of endoscopy units to adhere to this guidance are missing.DesignWe conducted an internet-based survey among German endoscopy units from all levels of care from April 1st to 7th, 2020. The survey comprised 33 questions and was distributed electronically by the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) and the DGP.ResultsIn total, 656 endoscopy units completed the survey. Overall, 253 units (39%) cancelled fewer than 40% of their procedures. Of note, private practices cancelled less procedures than hospital-based units. Complete separation of high-risk and COVID-19 positive patients was achieved in only 20% of the units. Procedural measures were well adopted, with 91% of the units systematically identifying patients at risk and 85% using risk-adapted personal protective equipment (PPE). For the future, shortages in PPE (81%), staff (69%) and relevant financial losses (77%) were expected.ConclusionConcise definitions of non-urgent, elective interventions and endoscopic surveillance strategies are needed to better guide endoscopic activity and intervention cancellations. In the short term, a lack of PPE can constitute considerable impairment of endoscopy units’ operability and patient outcomes.SUMMARY BOXWhat is already known about this subject?-Recent data indicate a potentially important role of the gastrointestinal tract in the spreading of COVID-19.-Endoscopy units and their personnel are at high risk to be exposed to and to distribute COVID-19 infections.-Several societies have formulated guidance for endoscopy units in the current situation, but their feasibility is unclear.What are the new findings?-Endoscopic activity seems not to be limited to urgent interventions across all units as 39% of all endoscopy units cancelled less than 40% of procedures.-For most endoscopy units, structural conditions are insufficient to realize a complete separation of high-risk patients, which can be guaranteed by only 20% of the units.-The willingness to adhere to the recommendations is very high, as most endoscopy units adopted their procedures accordingly. Shortage of personal protective equipment is a critical concern in many units.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?-An update of the current recommendations to refine practicable measures for the majority of endoscopic units is warranted.-A concise definition of non-urgent or elective procedures as well as postponement strategies and intervals are of utmost importance, since current data implicate that transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract may be critical for public health.

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