scholarly journals Performance characteristics of male wistar rats fed graded levels of stored powdered Corchorus olitorius

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ogungbemi Kunle ◽  
S. E. Atawodi ◽  
Ishola D. Taiwo ◽  
Ishola O. Tomilayo ◽  
Ilesanmi F. Funmilayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This study was carried out to determine the growth performance of rats fed graded levels of <em>Corchorus olitorius</em> supplemented diet.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Twenty male wistar rats weighing between 70g and 90g were purchased and randomly allocated into four treatment groups with graded levels of <em>Corchorus</em> <em>olitorius</em> ( 2.5%, 5% and 10%) while the control had no <em>Corchorus</em> <em>olitorius</em>. The feed intakes as well as weight change of the experimental rats were monitored for eight weeks<span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="EN-IN"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The results obtained showed that the highest level of weekly feed intake and feed efficiency were recorded for animals in group fed 10% level of Corchorus olitorius supplementation when compared to other treatment groups. Similar result was observed for the weight change which can be attributed to the efficient utilization of feed consumption.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Therefore, it can be concluded that leaves of <em>Corchorus</em> <em>olitorius</em> are palatable and highly nutritious and can improve growth performance of rats when fed for eight weeks<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p>

scholarly journals Effect of dietary chitosan on the feed efficiency and weight performance of high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia in male wistar rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunle Ogungbemi ◽  
Regina N. Ugbaja ◽  
Funmilayo F. Ilesanmi ◽  
Abolanle O. Ilori ◽  
Toluwalope A. Odeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> This study was carried out to determine the growth performance of rats fed graded levels of chitosan supplemented High fat diet.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Thirty male wistar rats weighing between 70 g and 90 g were purchased and randomly allotted into three (3) treatment groups with graded levels of chitosan in High fat diet (1%, 3% and 5%) and three (3) control groups namely: normal diet, High fat diet and normal diet +5% chitosan. The feed intakes as well as weight change of the experimental rats were monitored for six (6) weeks.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The results obtained showed that the highest level of feed intake and feed efficiency were recorded for animals in group fed 5% level of chitosan supplementation when compared to other treatment groups. Similar result was observed for the weight change (as there was significant reduction in the weight gain with increase chitosan supplementation in HFD) which can be attributed to the efficient utilization of feed consumption.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It can be concluded that dietary chitosan prevents excess weight gain in hyperlipidemia and improves the overall nutritional attributes of the experimental diets by improving their feed efficiencies as compared to the control.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of chicken genotype on growth performance and feed consumption in the development of broiler lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. A. Amusan ◽  
C. O. N. Ikeobi ◽  
A. O. Adebambo ◽  
B. O. Agaviezor ◽  
M. Wheto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of chicken genotype on the growth performance, feed intake and feed efficiency of the progenies resulting from pure, straight and reciprocal cross of Giriraja (Gr) and Alpha chickens. Data obtained on body weight, body length, breast girth, keel length, feed intake and feed efficiency were analyzed using general linear models analysis of variance. Generally, all growth traits and feed consumption characteristics were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by chicken genotype. Growth traits and feed intake increased as birds advanced in age. Giriraja X Giriraja purebred chickens had the highest body weight, breast girth, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency through out the experimental period. However, the progenies resulting from the reciprocal crosses of Alpha X Gr had significant higher body weight and keel. Also, the feed conversion efficiency of the reciprocal crosses were better than the dihybrid cross progenies. The results therefore suggest that the superiority exhibited by the Giriraja could be utilized to improve the growth performance of the indigenous chicken thereby speed up desirable progress in the improvement of the indigenous broiler line.

Genetic variation in net feed efficiency in Hereford cattle and its association with other production traits

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
R.M. Herd ◽  
S.C. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Rate Selection

Net feed efficiency refers to variation in feed consumption between animals net of requirements for maintenance and production, and may be measured as residual feed intake (RFI). Because RFI is independent of liveweight (LW) and growth rate, selection for improved net feed efficiency is likely to reduce feed intake with little change in growth. The purpose of this study was to establish whether there exists genetic variation in RFI in young British Hereford bulls, and to determine the phenotypic and genetic correlations of RFI with key production traits.The data consisted of performance measurements on 540 bull progeny of 154 British Hereford sires, collected over ten 200-day postweaning performance tests conducted between 1979 and 1988. The traits analysed were food intake (FI), 200 to 400-day daily gain (ADG), 400-day weight (W400), predicted carcass lean content (LEAN), lean growth rate (LGR), food conversion ratio (FI/ADG) and lean FCR (LFCR; FI/(ADG x LEAN), described by Bishop (1992).

scholarly journals Effect of light emitting diodes with different color temperatures on immune responses and growth performance of male broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Sharideh ◽  
Mojtaba Zaghari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
White Light ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Warm White Light ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Different Color

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the different color temperatures (Kelvin; K) of the light emitting diodes (LEDs) on broiler chicken health and growth performance compared to incandescent (ICD) light bulbs. Three hundred and sixty one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were tested for 42 days. The chicks were randomly distributed into three treatment groups [neutral-white (4,286 K), warm-white (2,990 K), and ICD (2,790 K) light bulbs] of 120 chicks/treatment with six replicates each by adopting complete randomized design. The diets were similar for all treatment groups. The live body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated (weekly and whole period). Indices of humoral immunity [antisheep red blood cell (SRBC) titer, IgG, and IgM at 26 and 34 days of age], Newcastle disease (ND) virus and avian influenza (AI) virus antibody at 40 days of age, cell-mediated immunity [cutaneous basophilic hyper-sensitivity (CBH) response at 41 days of age)] as well as total and differential leukocyte numbers at 42 days of age) were measured. Effects of different color temperatures of the LEDs and ICD light bulbs on body weight, feed consumption, and FCR were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Also, the effect of color temperatures of light on secondary titers of SRBC, AI antibody response, CBH response, the total number of leukocytes and percentage of lymphocytes were not significant. However, the different color temperatures of LEDs have a significant effect on primary SRBC and ND antibody titers (P≤0.05). The highest primary SRBC (P≤0.05) and ND (P≤0.05) antibody titers were observed in warm-white light. It was concluded that based on the 3 color temperatures examined, it seems that the most suitable to provide the optimum level of immunity and energy-saving in commercial broiler houses is warm-white light.

scholarly journals Impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on muscle metabolism of growing pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 3213-3227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma T Helm ◽  
Shelby M Curry ◽  
Carson M De Mille ◽  
Wesley P Schweer ◽  
Eric R Burrough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Viral Challenge ◽  
Prrs Virus ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is one of the most economically significant pig pathogens worldwide. However, the metabolic explanation for reductions in tissue accretion observed in growing pigs remains poorly defined. Additionally, PRRS virus challenge is often accompanied by reduced feed intake, making it difficult to discern which effects are virus vs. feed intake driven. To account for this, a pair-fed model was employed to examine the effects of PRRS challenge and nutrient restriction on skeletal muscle and liver metabolism. Forty-eight pigs were randomly selected (13.1 ± 1.97 kg BW) and allotted to 1 of 3 treatments (n = 16 pigs/treatment): 1) PRRS naïve, ad libitum fed (Ad), 2) PRRS-inoculated, ad libitum fed (PRRS+), and 3) PRRS naïve, pair-fed to the PRRS-inoculated pigs’ daily feed intake (PF). At days postinoculation (dpi) 10 and 17, 8 pigs per treatment were euthanized and tissues collected. Tissues were assayed for markers of proteolysis (LM only), protein synthesis (LM only), oxidative stress (LM only), gluconeogenesis (liver), and glycogen concentrations (LM and liver). Growth performance, feed intake, and feed efficiency were all reduced in both PRRS+ and PF pigs compared with Ad pigs (P < 0.001). Furthermore, growth performance and feed efficiency were additionally reduced in PRRS+ pigs compared with PF pigs (P < 0.05). Activity of most markers of LM proteolysis (μ-calpain, 20S proteasome, and caspase 3/7) was not increased (P > 0.10) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs, although activity of m-calpain was increased in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs (P = 0.025) at dpi 17. Muscle reactive oxygen species production was not increased (P > 0.10) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad pigs. However, phosphorylation of protein synthesis markers was decreased in PRRS+ pigs compared with both Ad (P < 0.05) and PF (P < 0.05) pigs. Liver gluconeogenesis was not increased as a result of PRRS; however, liver glycogen was decreased (P < 0.01) in PRRS+ pigs compared with Ad and PF pigs at both time points. Taken together, this work demonstrates the differential impact a viral challenge and nutrient restriction have on metabolism of growing pigs. Although markers of skeletal muscle proteolysis showed limited evidence of increase, markers of skeletal muscle synthesis were reduced during PRRS viral challenge. Furthermore, liver glycogenolysis seems to provide PRRS+ pigs with glucose needed to fuel the immune response during viral challenge.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dietary sources of protein on growth performance in pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohana Devi ◽  
US Devi ◽  
IH Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Blood Characteristics ◽  
Animal Skin

A 6-week trial was conducted to investigate the effects of animal skin protein sources from swine and cattle on growth performance, body condition and blood characteristics in growing pigs. A total of 96 pigs (23.50 &plusmn; 0.61&nbsp;kg) were randomly allotted into four dietary treatment groups as follows: (1) basal diet (BD); (2) basal diet with 1.5% hydrolysed render meal (HRM); (3) basal diet with 1.5% swine skin meal (SSM); (4) basal diet with 1.5% cattle hide meal (CHM). There were six replicate pens per treatment with four pigs per pen. The average daily gain (ADG) was improved in response to SSM treatment compared with other treatments (P &lt; 0.05). Pigs fed with HRM, SSM and CHM diets showed increases in average daily feed intake (ADFI) and decreased gain-to-feed (G : F) ratios compared with pigs fed with BD (P &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and energy (E) digestibility among treatments. The backfat thickness and lean percentage of pigs was unaffected by the treatments. Similarly, there was no difference in blood characteristics among treatments. In conclusion, the supplementation of SSM in growing pig diets improved the growth rate and Feed Intake (FI), but its usage in swine diets is limited by the poor protein quality. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Formulation of Senescent Plantain Dish with Various Local Cereal and Leguminous Flours for Feeding Rats: Growth Performance Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Kouadio N. Joseph ◽  
Akoa E. Edwige ◽  
Kra K. A. Séverin ◽  
Niamke L. Sébastien
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rice Flours

The aim of this study was to valorize senescent plantain. Therefore, a traditional dish named Dockounou was prepared with a mixture of senescent plantain and various millet, soybean, sorghum, cassava, maize or rice flours. The growth performance of several Wistar rats feed by Dockounou was followed. Thus, batches of rats were fed for 15 days with three formulations (F1, F2, F3) in proportion of 90:10, 80:20 and 75:25 (senescent plantain dough/flours) obtained after two cooking modes (dry cooking: baked ; wet cooking: boiled). The effects of these formulations were compared to control diet (C. diet). Beyond the control diet, rats fed with the soybean baked Dockounou presented, the best following growth parameters: weight gain (2.82 to 4.19 g/d), food intake (8.92 to 9.72 g/d), feed efficiency (0.10 to 0.42), proteins intake (8.28 to 19.67), proteins efficiency (0.13 to 3.15). The physicochemical and nutritive characteristics of soybean baked Dockounou were as follow: ash (2.93 ±0.15 %), proteins (10.62±0.59 %), carbohydrates (15.46±1.53 %), calcium (232.04 – 558.20 mg/100g), potassium (313.97 – 385.11 mg/100g), magnesium (42.40 – 72.22 mg/100g), sodium (211.24 – 303.85 mg/100g) and phosphorus (330.70 – 433.71 mg/100g). Also, the study showed that, two formulations, 80:20 and 75:25, have really impact on rats growth. These results suggest that soybean baked Dockounou with important proportions, 80 % and 75 %, of senescent plantain dough can be effectively used in the diet of laboratory Wistar rats regarding the good zoological performances there are obtained.

Genetic parameters for feed intake and efficiency in lactating beef cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Q. Fan ◽  
J. W. Wilton ◽  
P. E. Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Total Data

Genetic parameters of feed intake and efficiency and production traits for lactating beef cows were estimated from data collected from 1980 to 1988 at the Elora Beef Research Centre, Guelph, Ontario. Estimates were obtained using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) with an individual animal model with year–season–treatment, sex of calf, parity, breeding system, covariate daily change of backfat depth and direct genetic and permanent environmental effects. The data included 1174 observations, 511 cows, 369 dam–maternal grand dam pairs and 245 sires of cows. Feed efficiency for milk was calculated as milk yield relative to energy consumed for milk and maintenance and residual feed consumption as estimated energy intake minus energy requirements as estimated by the National Research Council. Heritabilities for Herefords alone and total data, respectively, were estimated to be 0.02 and 0.11 for cow's daily ME intake (MEI), 0.26 and 0.26 for daily milk yield (DMY), 0.45 and 0.33 for milk fat percentage (MFP), 0.29 and 0.40 for metabolic body weight (MBW), 0.21 and 0.10 for calf weaning weight as a proportion of cow weight at weaning (PPW), 0.18 and 0.11 for feed efficiency for milk (FE), and 0.23 and 0.03 for residual feed consumption (RFC). Genetic correlations of output (DMY) and input (MEI) were 0.31 for Hereford and 0.75 for the total data. Genetic correlations of RFC with both output (DMY) and input (MEI) were low. Genetically, PPW was positively associated with FE and DMY and negatively associated with MBW. Key words: Genetic parameters, feed efficiency, lactation, beef cow

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