scholarly journals The role of magnesium supplement in laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Adhira Gobind
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is one of the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal disorder encountered in clinical practice and its optimal treatment is not standardized. The role of magnesium in the human body functions is often underestimated. Since magnesium (Mg) plays a major role in the regulation of smooth muscle contractionby relaxing the pyloric sphincter and enhancing gastric emptying, thereby decreasing the pressure on the LES, it was hypothesized that adding magnesium supplements along with the regular treatment for LPRD, can improve LPRD symptoms. Magnesium has a neutralizing action on the gastric acid and therefore, it may be pertinent to achieve optimal Mg intakes in patients with LPRD.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study done over a period of 1 year conducted in a tertiary care hospital in central India in patients presenting with LPRD of the age group 18-65 years.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study patients were divided into two groups-one treated with esmoprazole 40 mg capsules and alginate syrup and the other with esmoprazole capsules, alginate syrup and magnesium glycinate (250 mg) supplement. Both the groups showed appreciable improvement in their mean reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) at 1 month and 3 months follow-up. Females showed a higher preponderance than males in the disease, symptoms and the mean RSI and RFS score.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Addition of magnesium supplements along with the regular treatment for LPRD, can improve LPRD symptoms and should be considered in the treatment protocol of LPRD.</p>

scholarly journals Cross sectional study of prevalence of LPRD at tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Raghvendra Singh Gaur ◽  
Paromita Patra
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Reflux means return or regurgitation of fluid. When symptoms arise due to reflux of stomach contents into the pharynx and larynx it is termed as laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). GERD and LPRD are two different entities and the management principle of GERD doesn’t apply to LPRD. We designed a cross sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux among the patients visiting the ENT outpatient department over a duration of one year.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients presenting with throat and voice symptoms for more than a month were included in the study. The reflux symptom index (RSI) put forward by Belafsky et al was used to assess the symptoms of reflux. A diagnosis of reflux was made if the patient had an RSI score &gt;13.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 2669 patients included in study period, out of which 1316 (49.3%) were males and 1353 (50.7%) were females. Out of the 2669, 1938 (72.6%) patients were found to have a RSI of &gt;13. Out of the 1938 patients subjected to 70 laryngoscopy 1842 patients (95%) were found to have a RFS &gt;7. Of the 1842 patients with RFS &gt;7, 1234 were males (67%) and 608 were females (33%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In a developing country like India, where resources and man power are limited, symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux might often be overlooked. The diagnosis and treatment protocol for LPRD needs to be standardized through more long term studies in the manner it has been done for GERD.</p>

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Proton Pump Inhibitors Combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pei ◽  
Wei Jia Hu ◽  
Yi Nan Mao ◽  
Yu Liang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background:To explore whether combined with TCM based on classical proton pumpinhibitors PPIs therapy can achieve better efficacy for patients withlaryngopharyngeal reflux disease. Methods: There were 150 laryngopharyngeal refluxpatients enrolled and divided into three groups randomly, with 50 cases in each group.Patients in group A were treated with the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) lansoprazole.Patients in group B were treated with lansoprazole combined with Banxia Houpudecoction, and patients in group C were treated with acupuncture treatments and acombination of Chinese and Western medicine. The reflux symptom index (RSI), refluxfinding score (RFS), and quality of life (36 item short form health survey questionnaire)were assessed before and 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. Results: The RSI and RFSscores of the three groups were significantly reduced after treatment (P < 0.001). Ingroup B and C, they were lower than in group A at 8 weeks (P < 0.01). The SF 36 scoreof 3 groups increased after treatment. At both 4 and 8 weeks (P < 0.001), and patientsin groups B and C scored higher than patients in group A (P < 0.001). The total effectiverate of group B and group C was higher than that of group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion:All three treatments have therapeutic effects on the disease, but the efficacy of a PPIalone is not as good as the combined treatments’ efficacies. Moreover, PPI combinedwith Banxia Houpu decoction and/or acupuncture treatment substantially affects lifeimprovement.

Usefulness of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 in Saliva as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nu-Ri Im ◽  
Byoungjae Kim ◽  
Kwang-Yoon Jung ◽  
Seung-Kuk Baek
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 7

Abstract Introduction Several diagnostic methods are currently being used to diagnose LPRD (laryngopharyngeal reflux disease), but have the disadvantage of being invasive, subjective, or expensive. Objectives Our purpose in this study was to investigate the correlation between pepsin and MMP-7 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-7) in pharyngeal secretions of subjects according to RSI (Reflux Symptom Index) score to find out the diagnostic value of MMP-7. Method We recruited 173 subjects aged between 19 and 85 years who completed the RSI scale. All samples were taken after waking up, and the amount of the pepsin and MMP-7 in saliva were measured by means of an enzyme activity assay. Results There was a significant increase of pepsin and MMP-7 activity in the study group with an RSI score of 13 or higher. The sensitivity and specificity of MMP-7 for predicting the possibility of an RSI of 13 or more was higher than that of pepsin. When MMP-7 and pepsin were combined, this sensitivity and specificity increased. Conclusion An enzyme assay of MMP-7 in saliva may be a noninvasive and easy technique for diagnosing LPRD.

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Has Negative Effects on Taste and Smell Functions

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aytug Altundag ◽  
Melih Cayonu ◽  
Murat Salihoglu ◽  
Hasmet Yazıcı ◽  
Onuralp Kurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Umami Taste ◽  
First Time

Objective We evaluated the halimetric, olfactory, and taste functions of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Study Design Prospective clinical study. Setting Multicenter tertiary care hospital. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with LPR for the first time on the basis of a Reflux Finding Score (RFS) >11 and a Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) >13 were enrolled in this study. A control group was selected from patients without a complaint of LPR. OralChroma was used for the halimetric measurement; Sniffin’ Sticks were used for the smelling test; Taste Strips were used for the taste test; and monosodium L-glutamate was used for the umami test. Results A total of 110 subjects were included, with a mean age of 36.8 ± 10 years (range, 19-57 years). The differences in odor threshold scores were significant between the groups ( P < .001), but no change was detected for the odor identification or discrimination scores between the groups. Bitter taste scores were significantly diminished in the reflux group compared with those in the control group ( P = .001), whereas no impairments were found in the other taste scores (sweet, salty, and sour). The reflux group had significantly higher umami taste scores than those of the control group for the posterior tongue and soft palate anatomic sites ( P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). Dimethyl sulfite levels were significantly higher in the reflux group than in the control ( P = .001). Conclusion Questioning patients who present with halitosis, taste, or smelling disorders is important to diagnose LPR.

scholarly journals Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: Symptoms, Signs, and Presence of Pepsin in Saliva - A Reliable Diagnostic Triad

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Divakaran ◽  
Sivaa Rajendran ◽  
Roshan Marie Thomas ◽  
Jaise Jacob ◽  
Mary Kurien
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Chi Squared

Abstract Introduction Twenty-four-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance with double probe pH monitoring (MII-pH), though considered the most sensitive tool for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is invasive, time consuming, not widely available, and unable to detect non-acid reflux. In contrast, the presence of pepsin in the saliva would act as a marker for reflux, considering that pepsin is only produced in the stomach. Objective To evaluate the predictive value of salivary pepsin in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) as suggested by the results of reflux symptom index (RSI > 13), reflux finding score (RFS > 7), and positive response to treatment with a 4-week course of proton-pump inhibitors. Methods This prospective study was done at a tertiary care hospital on 120 adult patients attending ENT OPD with clinical diagnosis of LPR. The presence of pepsin in their pharyngeal secretions and saliva using a lateral flow device, the Peptest, was compared with RSI, RFS, and with the response to medical treatment using the Chi-squared test. Results Salivary pepsin was found to be positive in 68% of the patients, with 87.5% of them showing positive response to treatment. Chi-squared analysis showed a significant association between positive salivary pepsin and RFS > 7, RSI >13, a combination of RFS > 7 and RSI > 13 as well as with response to treatment (p < 0.0001). Conclusion When considered along with the clinical indicators of RFS and RSI of more than 7 and 13, respectively, and/or with a response to treatment, a positive salivary pepsin test indicates statistically significant chance of presence of LPR.

scholarly journals Usefulness of matrix metalloproteinase-7 in saliva as a diagnostic biomarker for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nu-Ri Im ◽  
Byoungjae Kim ◽  
Kwang-Yoon Jung ◽  
Seung-Kuk Baek
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Enzyme Activity Assay ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 7

AbstractSeveral diagnostic methods are currently being used to diagnose LPRD (laryngopharyngeal reflux disease), but have the disadvantage of being invasive, subjective, or expensive. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the correlation between pepsin and MMP-7 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-7) in pharyngeal secretions of subjects according to RSI (Reflux Symptom Index) score to find out the diagnostic value of MMP-7. We recruited 173 subjects aged between 19 and 85 years who completed the RSI scale. All samples were taken after waking up, and the amount of the pepsin and MMP-7 in saliva were measured by means of an enzyme activity assay. There was a significant increase of pepsin and MMP-7 activity in the study group with an RSI score of 13 or higher. The sensitivity and specificity of MMP-7 for predicting the possibility of an RSI of 13 or more was higher than that of pepsin. When MMP-7 and pepsin were combined, this sensitivity and specificity increased. An enzyme assay of MMP-7 in saliva may be a noninvasive and easy technique for diagnosing LPRD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux in adult population using 24 hours ambulatory dual probe pH monitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar L. ◽  
Anand K. H. ◽  
Raadhika Shree N.
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Dual Probe

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease is an under diagnosed condition due to unavailability of the diagnostic tool that is dual probe pH monitoring and is on the rise in adult population according to El Serag by 4% every year since 1976.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Adult patients coming to the outpatient department between April 2017 to April 2018 were evaluated using reflux symptom index score (RSI). Score greater than 13 were suggestive of laryngopharyngeal reflux and patients underwent 24 hours ambulatory dual probe pH monitoring. 7 or more reflux events in study period were diagnostic of laryngopharygeal reflux.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 3000 adult patients were screened for RSI and 1756 (58.3%) had scored greater than 13. Among these patients 893 patients had 7 or more reflux events in pH monitoring. We found a prevalence of 29.76% in our study population.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prevalence laryngopharyngeal reflux disease needs to assess periodically at regular intervals to create more awareness of the disease and patient education thus preventing from causing chronic illnesses.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Prevalence and Symptomatology of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease in a Medical College Hospital in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (27) ◽  
pp. 2467-2471
Author(s):  
Binu Raju George ◽  
Ajayan P.V ◽  
Saify Samad
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Symptom ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Reflux Finding Score ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease

BACKGROUND Laryngopharyngeal reflux is a common clinical condition encountered in Otolaryngology practice. It is one of the major causes of laryngeal inflammation. It presents with a constellation of symptoms making the diagnosis difficult. Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score are two tools which aid in diagnosis of Laryngopharyngeal reflux. The main objective of this study was to study the agent, host and environment factors of epidemiology of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease using Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score. METHODS A descriptive study was conducted on 100 patients attending the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala. The study period was for one year from December 2017 to December 2018. Demographic data of the patients was recorded, and patients were evaluated for Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease using Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score using 70 degree / flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy. The clinical data collected was then tabulated and analysed. RESULTS From the study conducted in 100 patients, 59 % were females and 41 % males. Most common symptom noted was frequent clearing of throat which was present in 88 % cases. Least frequent symptom was choking episode (in 5 %). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease was commonest in the 31 to 40 years age group with mean age was 37.8 ± 2.35 years. The male to female ratio were 1:1.43. The disease was common in labourers and housewives. Risk factors were consumption of tea/coffee, inadequate sleep of less than 6 hrs. Lower socioeconomic group populations were more vulnerable than higher income group. The RSI score was between 13 and 15 in 53 % of the patients. KEYWORDS Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, Reflux Symptom Index, Reflux Finding Score

scholarly journals Pengaruh suplementasi zinc terhadap perbaikan klinis penderita laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Chrisma Pramana ◽  
Muyassaroh Muyassaroh ◽  
Dwi Antono
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reflux Finding Score ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease

Latar Belakang: Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease (LPRD) menyebabkan kerusakan mukosa laring dan faring.  Zinc adalah kelompok zat gizi mikro yang berperan dalam inhibisi terhadap sekresi asam lambung, pembentukan carbonic anhidrase, dan reepitelisasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi zinc pada perbaikan klinis penderita LPRD. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan pre-post test randomized control trial pada penderita LPRD di klinik THT-KL RSUP Dr. Kariadi yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Kelompok kontrol diberikan omeprazol dan plasebo, sedangkankelompok perlakuan diberikan omeprazol dan zinc. Pemberian terapi dilakukan selama 4 minggu kemudian dianalisis skoring Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) dan Reflux Finding Score (RFS) sebelum terapi dan sesudah terapi pada kedua kelompok. Analisis data dengan uji Wilcoxon dan independent t test. Hasil: Sampel sebanyak 27 penderita, kelompok kontrol 13 orang, dan kelompok perlakuan 14 orang. Skor RSI sebelum terapi pada kelompok kontrol 22,92±6,982, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan19,57±6,136 (p=0,223). Skor RFS sebelum terapi pada kelompok kontrol 10,46±2,367, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan 10,86±2,983 (p=0,767). Skor RSI sesudah terapi pada kelompok kontrol 15,92±8,893, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan 9,07±6,294 (p=0,034). Skor RFS sesudah terapi pada kelompok kontrol 6,54±1,808, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan 4,54±2,240 (p=0,024). Kesimpulan: Suplementasi zinc berpengaruh pada perbaikan klinis penderita LPRD. Perbaikan klinis penderita LPRD yang diberikan suplementasi zinc lebih baik dibanding tanpa suplementasi zinc. Kata kunci: Reflux Symptom Index, Reflux Finding Score, zinc ABSTRACTBackground: Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease (LPRD) could cause mucosal damage on larynx and pharynx. Zinc is microsubstance which has a role as inhibiting factor to gastric acid, carbonic anhidrase establishment, and reepitelization. Objective: The study aimed to know the effect of zinc onLPRD patient’s clinical improvement. Methods: Experimental study with pre-post test randomized control trial on LPRD patients in ENT center RSUP Dr. Kariadi. Control group was prescribed omeprazole and placebo,while interventioned group was prescribed omeprazole and zinc. The treatment was conducted for 4 weeks, and Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and Reflux Finding Score (RFS) were analyzed before and after treatment for both groups. Data were analyzed with Wilcoxon’s test and independent t-test. Result: The sample was 27 patients, consisted of 13 patients in control group and 14 patients in interventioned group. RSI score before theraphy on control group was 22,92±6,982, on interventioned group 19,57±6,136(p=0,223). RFS score on control group 10,46±2,367, on interventioned group 10,86±2,983 (p=0,767). RSI after theraphy on control group 15,92±8,89,3 while on interventioned group 9,07±6,294 (p=0,034). RFS score after theraphy on control group 6,54±1,808, while on interventioned group 4,54±2,240 (p=0,024). Conclusion: This study found that zinc supplementation had an effect on clinical improvement on patients with LPRD. Clinical improvement on LPRD patients who got zinc supplementation was found better than without zinc supplementation.Keywords: Reflux Symptom Index, Reflux Finding Score, Zinc

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