scholarly journals A study on the dermatological manifestations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital in a rural setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
M. Sandeepthi ◽  
B. Narayan Reddy ◽  
G. K. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Cutaneous Infections ◽  
The Past

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes mellitus is very common metabolic disorder seen in our developing world. Skin is affected by both acute metabolic derangements and the chronic degenerative complications of diabetes. It is suggested that these skin changes may eventually be used as a reflection of the patient’s current as well as the past metabolic status<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 200 diabetic patients were examined and their various cutaneous manifestations were analysed with parameters like age, sex, type of infection, HbA1c etc.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 200 diabetic patients with cutaneous manifestations were enrolled in our study. Majority were in 6th decade (34.5%) and 7th decade (30%) respectively. Males constituted 66% of the cases with a male to female ratio was 1.89:1 Among the cutaneous infections, out of the 132 cases with cutaneous infections, fungal infections (46%) were most frequent, followed by bacterial infections (16.5%) and viral infections (3.5%)<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study showed demographic, social factors &amp; prevalence of dermatological manifestations in type 2 DM patients. It is suggested that the various skin changes may eventually be used as a reflection of the patient’s current as well as the past metabolic status<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (09) ◽  
pp. 1369-1373
Author(s):  
Ijaz Ahmed ◽  
Umer Jahangir ◽  
Humaira Talat ◽  
Fatima Akhund
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Cutaneous Infections

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a syndrome with disordered metabolismand inappropriate hyperglycemia due to either deficiency of insulin secretion or combinationof insulin resistance and inadequate insulin. Infections constitute the main bulk of cutaneousmanifestations of diabetes mellitus with incidence ranging between 20–50%. Bacteria andfungi can cause infective complications involving skin and nails of the diabetic patients. Themajor share of infections in Diabetes Mellitus is contributed by bacteria. The most commoncausative organisms are Staphylococcus aurous and beta-hemolytic Streptococci. Objective:to determine the frequency of cutaneousbacterial Infections in patients with type II DiabetesMellitis, attending outpatient clinic in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross sectionalstudy. Setting: Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Dr. Ziauddin University Hospital,KDLB Campus, Karachi. Period: 1st January 2017 till 31st March 2017 over a period of threemonths. Material and methods: Adult patients already diagnosed to be suffering from type 2Diabetes Mellitis presenting with cutaneous manifestations were included in the study. Patientsfulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled after an informed consent. Relevant laboratoryinvestigations were advised where required. Current study targeted bacterial infections onlyand Chi-square test was used to determine P value. Data obtained was compiled, tabulatedand analyzed by SPSS. Result: Total of 302 cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitis having somecutaneous manifestations were enrolled. There were 124 (41%) males and 178 (59%) females.Mean age of presentation was 50 ± 11 years, the age range being 30-80 years. The meanduration of diabetes was 8.5 ± 7 years (range being 1-30 years). Unsatisfactory glycemic controlwas present in 205 (68%) patients. Among the enrolled subjects bacterial infections were themost frequently seen skin disease accounting for 79 patients (26%). Among the patients withthese bacterial infections uncontrolled Diabetes was a feature in 61 (77%). The breakup ofbacterial infections (59) in the descending order of frequency stood as follows: cellulitis 22(28%), carbuncle 17 (21%), furuncle 14 (18%), ecthyma 13 (16%), folliculitis 09 (12%), andimpetigo 04 (5%). Conclusion: Cutaneous infections are a common feature in patients withType II Diabetes Mellitis, bacterial infections being the most common.

scholarly journals Pattern of Cutaneous Dermatoses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zubaida Akter ◽  
Homayra Tahseen Hossain ◽  
Syed Ghulam Mogni Mowla
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Female Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be a major public health problem. Multiple factors have a role in the skin manifestations of DM. Cutaneous manifestations of DM are very important to the clinician. Methods: Current study was carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shaheed Suhrawrdy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, spanning from 1st January 2017 till 30th June 2017 over a period of six months. Adult patients already diagnosed to be suffering from type 2 DM presenting with cutaneous manifestations were included in the study. Results: Majority (68.0%) patients had diabetes >5 years, 16.7% had < 1 year and 15.3% had 1-5 years. Family history of DM was found in 70.7% in this study. In this study bacterial infection and fungal infection were more common in female patients (60.0% vs 62.0% respectively). Regarding types of dermatoses, fungal infection was more common in this study 50(33.3%). Others were bacterial infection 20(13.3%), viral infection 7(4.7%) and parasitic infection 7(4.7%). Papulo squamous disease was found 31(20.7%) patients, other diseases were 32(21.3%).Viral infection was more in male patients (71.4%). Parasitic infection was high in female patients 6(85.7%). Papulo squamous diseases was found 21(67.7%) in female patients. Conclusion: In this study fungal infection, bacterial infection, viral infection and parasitic infections were found to be the more common cutaneous dermatoses among adult diabetic patients. Bacterial infection and fungal infection were more common in female patients. TAJ 2018; 31(1): 21-28

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care hospital in a rural area of Bihar, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3721
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kamendu ◽  
Ahmad Nadeem Aslami
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetes has become a major health challenge all over the world. Previous studies have found that diabetes and thyroid disorders mutually influence each other and both disorders tend to coexist. The aim of this study was to find out prevalence of hypothyroidism and its associated factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: Consecutive 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending outpatient department of medicine in a tertiary care centre in Sasaram, Bihar were evaluated clinically and biochemically. Subclinical hypothyroid and overt hypothyroidism was diagnosed as per standard definitions. The results obtained were statistically analysed by using chi square test and finding odds ratio.Results: Out of 200 patients, 75.5% were euthyroid while 24.5% were hypothyroid. Out of 49 hypothyroid patients, subclinical hypothyroid (SC-Hypo) was present in 41 patients and overt hypothyroid (C-Hypo) was present in only 8 patients. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was found more in males, age ≥60 years, patients with HbA1c value ≥7%, patients with diabetes duration less than 5 years and in hypertensive patients.Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction screening should be done in all type 2 diabetic patients periodically and appropriate individualized treatments in addition to thyroid function test should be given to diabetes mellitus patients with subclinical hypothyroidism as well.

scholarly journals Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus: a clinical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Nancy Bhardwaj ◽  
Samarjit Roy ◽  
Rashmi Jindal ◽  
Sohaib Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cutaneous Infections

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity with adverse effects on various systems including skin. Cutaneous manifestations seen in diabetes aid in its diagnosis and some of them may also correlate with diabetic control, duration and other complications. This study was undertaken to estimate burden of skin disorders among diabetics in a tertiary care centre of Uttarakhand.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, over a period of one year from January 2016 to December 2016. Three hundred and seventy seven patients irrespective of age and sex were included in the study and those with gestational diabetes were excluded. Patients were examined for mucocutaneous manifestations and evaluated. Structured case reporting form was used to generate data.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 377 patients studies, 114 (30.2%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. Male to female ratio was 1.44:1. Mucocutaneous manifestations were present in 278/377 (73.7%) patients. Common cutaneous manifestations were cutaneous infections [fungal infections (n=106/377; 28.1%), bacterial infections (n=33/377; 8.8%)], pruritus (n=47/377; 12.5%), xerosis (n=39/377; 10.3%), diabetic dermopathy (n=36/377; 9.5%) and diabetic ulcers (n=24/377; 6.4%). Uncommon manifestations were necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, alopecia areata, scleredema diabeticorum and granuloma annulare. Cutaneous reactions due to treatment of diabetes were noted in 4 (1%) patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> As prevalence of cutaneous manifestations is high in diabetic patients, knowledge of these will help in a timely and comprehensive management of both diabetes and dermatoses.</p>

scholarly journals A Study on Prescription Pattern of Multivitamins in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
A B Anila ◽  
P. Shaji Ancy ◽  
B S SREELEKSHMI ◽  
NM Mahesh ◽  
B A Vishwanath
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Pattern

Aim of the study: To study the prescribing pattern of multivitamins in type-2 DM in tertiary care hospitals. Materials and methods: Human ethical approval was taken from human ethical committee, ABIPER Bangalore. The diabetic patients who satisfied the study criteria were enrolled. The patients data’s were collected in specially designed documentation form. The collected data’s were assessed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study was conducted in 158 patients in which most prescriptions [72.17%] contains water soluble vitamins+minerals. Multivitamins with or without minerals were prescribed for 90[79.76%] and 30[20.24%] days respectively. Multivitamins [100%] were given orally once a day. For indication fatigue [29.11%], water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed mostly. Many DM-2 patients were prescribed with water soluble vitamins+minerals which contain vitaminC and calcium carbonate as main constituents. Some of multivitamins doses were showing compliance as per FDA dose recommendations. Tablet formulation containing fat soluble vitamins+minerals[25.31%] were prescribed mostly. Conclusions: Mostly water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed for DM-2 patients. Multivitamins with or without minerals were prescribed for 90and30 days respectively. All multivitamins were prescribed in oral route. Mostly water soluble vitamins+minerals were prescribed for fatigue illness associated with DM-2 in which vitamin C and calcium carbonate were the main constituents. Some of the prescribed multivitamin doses were within the FDA recommended dose range. Tablet formulations were frequently prescribed with oral anti-diabetic drugs. Keywords: Multivitamins, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Prescription.

scholarly journals Prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs in tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar P. ◽  
Raj Kumar K.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Pattern

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate the prescribing pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in diabetic patients attending tertiary care teaching hospital in Kurnool.Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, observational survey was carried out in 100 patients of diabetes mellitus attending diabetes outpatient/medicine outpatient departments, to assess their prescribing pattern of anti-diabetic drugs.Results: Average number of anti-diabetic drugs per prescription was 1.4. Metformin (biguanide) was the commonest prescribed individual drug among oral hypoglycemic agents. Fixed dose combination of biguanide and sulfonylurea was prescribed commonly. Monotherapy dominated over polytherapy and there was a higher percentage of use of insulin in type 2 diabetics.Conclusions: OHAs still dominate the prescribing pattern, but there was a shifting trend toward the use of insulin preparations in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Intensification of current drug treatment as well as planning multiple drug interventions with lifestyle modification is necessary.

scholarly journals HOSPITAL BASED STUDY TO DETERMINE THE PREVALENCE OF GLAUCOMA IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Kumari ◽  
Sony Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Aim: to analyze the prevalence of glaucoma in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: present observational study was undertaken in the Department of Ophthalmology, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India for the period of one year. Total 100 patients of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included and detailed history was obtained. Results: Out of 100 diabetic patients 8 (8%) of them had glaucoma. Out of 8 diabetic patients with glaucoma 75.0% were male. The mean age reported was 58.16±4.81. Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence and the demographic characteristics of glaucoma among diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar. Since, no such study has been done before in this region. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Glaucoma, Bihar

A Study of Fasting and Postprandial Lipid Profile among Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital - Kottayam, Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (39) ◽  
pp. 3411-3416
Author(s):  
Sneha Varikkaatu Prasanna ◽  
Prasantha Kumar Thankappan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Postprandial State ◽  
Postprandial Lipid

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by insulin resistance which is associated with glucose intolerance, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, a procoagulant state, and an increase in the microvascular and the macrovascular disease. The high cardiovascular mortality which is associated with type 2 DM is due to a prolonged, exaggerated, postprandial state. The abnormal lipid profile in the postprandial state is more significant than the abnormal lipid profile in the fasting state in causing atherosclerotic complications in type 2 diabetes. Very few studies are available on the estimation of the postprandial lipid profile in type 2 diabetes patients. The purpose of this study was to compare fasting and postprandial lipid levels among patients with and without diabetes mellitus and find out the correlation between duration of detection of diabetes mellitus and postprandial lipid levels among patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS This is a cross sectional analytical study of a study population of 200 subjects including in patients and out patients of wards and diabetic clinic of Government Medical College, Kottayam from April 2017 to March 2018. Data was coded and entered in Microsoft Excel and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) for statistical analysis. RESULTS Diabetic patients had impaired fasting and postprandial lipid profiles. Impairment in postprandial lipid profile when compared to non-diabetics was statistically significant. Duration of detection of diabetes and postprandial lipid levels showed weak positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS The postprandial lipid profile in diabetes mellitus patients is significantly deranged compared to fasting state and is an important factor in assessing their cardiovascular risk. Hence, there is a need to stress on postprandial lipid profile estimation in diabetic patients. KEYWORDS Fasting Lipid Profile, Postprandial Lipid Profile, Type 2 Diabetics, Nondiabetics

scholarly journals Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly detected type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with anthropometric parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2362
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Sukumar ◽  
Arunachalam Ramachandran ◽  
Sudeep K.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Who Criteria

Background: Globally 425 million people have diabetes mellitus (DM) of which 90% are type 2 DM. India carries nearly 70 million cases of DM. India is called the diabetes capital of the world. The escalating epidemic of type 2 diabetes has been attributed to increasing obesity and longevity. Due to the additive cardiovascular risk of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, lipid abnormalities should be aggressively detected and treated as a part of comprehensive diabetic care. The study aimed at detecting the occurrence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly-detected type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of eighteen months. It comprised of 50 newly detected diabetics above the age of 18 years who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Fifty patients were included in the study which included 18 males and 32 females. The body mass index (BMI) was abnormal in 62% (as per the Asian criteria) and in 42% (as per the WHO criteria). The waist circumference (WC) was found to be high in 82% and 70% as per the Asian and the WHO criteria, respectively. Forty six percent of the population was found to have elevated total cholesterol levels. LDL was increased in 70% of the study population while triglycerides were elevated in 40%, total cholesterol in 46% and low HDL in 76% of the patients.Conclusions: A significant correlation was found between the fasting blood sugars (FBSs) and serum triglycerides. There was a positive correlation noted between the dyslipidemia and the anthropometric parameters recorded.

scholarly journals Association of hyperuricemia and renal involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2958
Author(s):  
Rumi Deori ◽  
Ratan Kumar Kotokey ◽  
Bedanta Bhuyan ◽  
Swarnali Devi Baruah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Hyperuricemia maybe an independent risk factor for renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. On the other hand, albuminuria is considered as an indicator for early stages of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of our study was to find out any association between hyperuricemia and simple renal function tests to detect early renal involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus for its early treatment and prevention for diabetic nephropathy.Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in 265 patients coming to medicine OPD and IPD in a tertiary care hospital in Assam, India. The subjects included were patients complaining of signs and symptoms of gout with or without Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The subjects were divided into two groups A and B, with and without type 2 diabetes respectively. They were selected randomly under the age group of 20 - 70 years old of both genders. Tests performed were serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood urea, microalbuminuria, FBS and HbA1c estimated by standard methods.Results: In both diabetic and non-diabetic group, serum uric acid correlated positively and significantly with serum creatinine (>1.3mg/dl), blood urea (>40mg/dl) and microalbuminuria (p<0.05). Though serum uric acid did not correlate with HbA1c and FBS (p>0.05) in both the group. In non-diabetics, males were 6.95 times likely to have hyperuricemia than females.Conclusions: Hyperuricemia may be associated with early onset or incipient nephropathy in both diabetes and non- diabetic patient.

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