A clinico pathological correlation in leprosy in a tertiary care teaching institution

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease primarily affects peripheral nervous system, the skin and certain other tissues. It is a spectral disease which is classified into five groups based on clinical, histopathological and bacteriological and immunological criteria as tuberculoid (TT), borderline tuberculoid (BT), mid-borderline (BB), borderline lepromatous (BL), lepromatous (LL) according to Ridley-Jopling classification. Adequate clinical information combined with histopathology and bacteriological index is helpful not only in classification of different types of leprosy, but also useful for management of cases.The objective of the study was to correlate clinical diagnosis with histopathological findings of leprosy.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted for one year from January to December 2018 in Leprosy clinic, Department of Dermatology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital and Madras Medical College, Chennai. The histopathological findings were compared with clinical diagnosis.Results: A total number of cases attended leprosy clinic from January 2018 to December 2018 was 167 cases, among those 49 clinically diagnosed cases were included in the study. Out of 49 cases, maximum number of patients belonged to 30-50 years age group. Male to female ratio was 3.9: 1. Hypopigmented, hypoaesthetic patches were commonly seen. Clinically as well as histopathologically BT leprosy was common.The maximum histological correlation seen in lepromatous leprosy (100%) followed by BT (80%).Conclusions: The study emphasises the role of skin biopsy in confirming the clinical diagnosis of leprosy and also as a therapeutic guide.

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Demographic profile of patients treated for melasma with glycolic acid and trichloroacetic acid: an institutional experience

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20212790 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bikkasani U. P. Lakshmi Kishan Rao ◽

K. Satyanarayana Rao

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

School Level ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Institutional Experience ◽

History Of ◽

Epidemiological Pattern ◽

One Year ◽

Number Of Individuals

Background: Melasma is an acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation characterised by forehead, cheeks, around eyelids and chin mostly in the sun-exposed areas of the skin. The etiology for melasma is not clear, various factors like genetic or hormonal influences the cause. The aim was to understand the demographical distribution and epidemiological pattern of pigmentation in melasma patients.Methods: A total of 50 patients were participated in the present study at department of dermatology of Mamata medical college and hospital, Khammam over a period of one year.Results: The mean age of patients with melasma was 33.84±5.76 years, with the youngest and oldest being 20 and 40 years with female preponderance, with a male to female ratio of 1:9. The maximum number of patients educated up to middle school level (38%) followed by primary school. The maximum number of individuals participated in the present study were housewife’s and out of 50 individuals 92% patients in the present series were married whereas family history of melasma was noted only 16% of the melasma patients.Conclusions: The present observations demonstrates that the melasma is a female predominant, affecting young adults, etiological observations like sunlight, married, pregnancy, indoor, family history followed by cosmetics plays an important role in the melasma.

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Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a tertiary care centre: one-year prospective study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20203577 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 1704

Author(s):

Smruti Milan Tripathy ◽

Poonji Gupta ◽

Akshay Jain ◽

Probal Chatterji

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Early Stage ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Research Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Medical College ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

One Year

Background: Lesions of the oral cavity are very common among the general population and account for a significant number of patients in the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology. The lesions of oral cavity can cause varied symptoms like pain, dysphagia, and difficulty in speaking. The lesions can range from simple benign conditions to life threatening malignancies.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre from January 2019 till December 2019. All the 256 patients who presented to the outpatient department with lesions in the oral cavity during the given time period were included in the study after getting informed and written consent. Results: Aphthous ulcers were the most common lesion (18.7%) found in this study. Buccal mucosa (50%) and anterior 2/3rd of tongue (34.3%) were the most common sites involved. Total of 204/256 (79.6%) patient had some form of addiction which included both smoked and smokeless form of tobacco as the most common type of addiction. Among the tobacco smokers, 24/80 (30%) had pre malignant and malignant lesions while among tobacco chewers 37/76 (48.6%) had pre malignant and malignant lesions.Conclusions: Lesions of the oral cavity are common among Indian population due to high prevalence of tobacco addiction. A thorough history taking and examination can detect premalignant and malignant lesions at an early stage, so that timely treatment can reduce the mortality rates in such patients.

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Clinico-epidemiological study of leprosy from a North Indian tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20184234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 518

Author(s):

Mohammad Adil ◽

Syed Suhail Amin ◽

Mohd Mohtashim ◽

Sabha Mushtaq ◽

Mehtab Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Lepromatous Leprosy ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. Yet, more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy are reported from India.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the leprosy clinic of the Dermatology Out Patient Department was done for a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.Results: A total of 225 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. Almost half of all patients (47.1%) were aged between 21-40 years. Among the patients were 32 children (14.2%) below 16 years. There were 60 patients (26.6%) suffering from paucibacillary disease and 158 patients (70.2%) had multibacillary disease. Seven patients (3.2%) presented with other forms of leprosy like historic leprosy and pure neuritic leprosy. Borderline lepromatous leprosy was found to be the commonest subtype seen in 86 patients (38.2%). There were 152 males (67.6%) and 73 females (32.4%). The male female ratio was 2.08:1. A total of 118 patients (52.4%) were from rural background and 107 (47.6%) hailed from urban areas. Multibacillary disease was seen in 83.6% of the total females compared to 63.8% of males.Conclusions: Leprosy may be down but is not yet out. The high proportion of children diagnosed with leprosy is a warning regarding the active transmission of the disease in the community. Continued efforts are required to prevent the disease from making a resurgence.

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Evaluation of ‘Visual prostate symptom score’ in men with benign enlargement of prostate in a tertiary care center in midwestern Nepal

Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jssn.v18i2.18567 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Dipesh Kumar Gupta

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Educational Status ◽

Medical College ◽

Symptom Evaluation ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

One Year

Introduction: Quantification of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign enlargement of prostate (BEP) is required to initiate and regulate treatment. Among many, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) is standard though it is time consuming and difficult to understand by many patients. A recent Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) which is presumed to be simpler and well understood by patients with lower educational status has been in use.Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj. In a total of 79 patients, 25 patients of LUTS because of other causes were excluded and 54 patients clinically diagnosed with BEP were enrolled for the study over a period of one year. Symptom evaluation was done in all with both IPSS and VPSS and uroflowmetry parameters were also recorded. The IPSS and VPSS were compared with each other and also with uroflowmetry parameters.Results: Mean age of the patients was 67 years and mean prostate volume was 48 gm. The patients who mostly were farmers had median eighth grade of education. Fourteen were illiterates and 40 were literate patients. Significant number of patients required assistance of a medical personnel to complete IPSS (p= <0.001) including those in literate group as well (p= <0.001). Time taken to complete VPSS was significantly less (p= 0.019). Total IPSS correlated with total VPSS ((r= +0.36; p=0.007). There was negative and significant correlation of VPSS with uroflowmeter parameters while IPSS failed to do so.Conclusion: VPSS is an easy and reliable tool to assess symptom severity in cases of BEP presenting with LUTS. It has the added advantage of utility in assessment of LUTS in patients with lower educational status. Moreover, the patients take shorter time to complete the questionnaire. Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal, 2015; 18 (2), page: 6-10

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Role of transvaginal sonography in gynecological diagnosis at a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172905 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 2910

Author(s):

Sitalakshmi V. ◽

Alpana Bansal

Keyword(s):

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Transvaginal Sonography ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Ethical Guidelines ◽

Medical College ◽

Preoperative Information ◽

One Year ◽

The Masses

Background: Transvaginal sonography (TVS) is very useful to assess the abnormalities in the anatomical structure of the uterus as well as endometrium. Not only this, it is capable of finding out any abnormalities of ovary, fallopian tubes, cervical structures as well as myometrium. The objective of the study was the role of transvaginal sonography in gynecological diagnosis at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present hospital based prospective study was carried out among 31 randomly selected eligible patients as per inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study for a period of one year at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of S. V. Medical College, Tirupati. All ethical guidelines were followed. A pre-designed and semi structured pre-tested questionnaire was prepared for entry of patient data.Results: Transvaginal sonography was more accurate in terms of evaluation of both tubes. Overall diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography was 90.9%. It was found that the accuracy of clinical diagnosis was 100% in comparison to diagnosis by scan. In five cases, the clinical diagnosis of infertility was made as ovarian cyst and in all those cases it was confirmed. In three cases, the clinical diagnosis of infertility was made as fibroids and in all those cases it was confirmed. It was found that in cases of ectopic pregnancy, copper T missing loop and missed abortion, the clinical diagnosis was 100% accurate in comparison to scan diagnosis. Only in case of pelvic inflammatory disease, the accuracy of clinical diagnosis was 66% in comparison to scan diagnosis.Conclusions: Despite the few disadvantages of transvaginal sonography in measuring large pelvic masses, the smallest details of the masses yield valuable preoperative information. The more accurate delineation of internal echo characteristics scores the benefit over transvaginal sonography has its rightful place in gynecological practice has diagnostic and minimally invasive therapeutic tool.

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Evaluation of ‘Visual prostate symptom score’ in men with benign enlargement of prostate in a tertiary care center in midwestern Nepal

Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jssn.v18i2.17710 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Dipesh Kumar Gupta

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Educational Status ◽

Medical College ◽

Symptom Evaluation ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

One Year

Introduction: Quantification of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign enlargement of prostate (BEP) is required to initiate and regulate treatment. Among many, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) is standard though it is time consuming and difficult to understand by many patients. A recent Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) which is presumed to be simpler and well understood by patients with lower educational status has been in use.Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj. In a total of 79 patients, 25 patients of LUTS because of other causes were excluded and 54 patients clinically diagnosed with BEP were enrolled for the study over a period of one year. Symptom evaluation was done in all with both IPSS and VPSS and uroflowmetry parameters were also recorded. The IPSS and VPSS were compared with each other and also with uroflowmetry parameters.Results: Mean age of the patients was 67 years and mean prostate volume was 48 gm. The patients who mostly were farmers had median eighth grade of education. Fourteen were illiterates and 40 were literate patients. Significant number of patients required assistance of a medical personnel to complete IPSS (p= <0.001) including those in literate group as well (p= <0.001). Time taken to complete VPSS was significantly less (p= 0.019). Total IPSS correlated with total VPSS ((r= +0.36; p=0.007). There was negative and significant correlation of VPSS with uroflowmeter parameters while IPSS failed to do so.Conclusion: VPSS is an easy and reliable tool to assess symptom severity in cases of BEP presenting with LUTS. It has the added advantage of utility in assessment of LUTS in patients with lower educational status. Moreover, the patients take shorter time to complete the questionnaire.

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Current Disease pattern and Out-come of patients in a Medical Unit of a Pediatric Hospital

Northern International Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/nimcj.v10i2.45434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 386-388

Author(s):

M Mizanur Rahman ◽

Mirza Md Ziaul Islam ◽

M Atiqul Islam ◽

AKM Tajuddin Bhuiyan ◽

AFM Ashik Imran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Pediatric Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

Disease Pattern ◽

System Data ◽

One Year

Background: Epidemiological trends of diseases and causes of mortality is not constant, it is always changing. Analysis of admitted patients gives us information on the burden of diseases in the community as well as cause of mortality. Objectives: To determine current pattern of admissions and their outcomes in a tertiary care Pediatric hospital. Material and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital over a period of one year from 1st January to 31st December, 2015. All the admitted patients during the study period were included and data were collected from medical records for analysis of age, residence, mode of admission, referral source, disease profile and outcome. Final diagnosis and mortality were grouped according to involved organ system. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Total 1424children with a male and female ratio of 1.5:1 were admitted in one year. Patients younger than 5 years were 73%and 27% were less than one year. Respiratory infection, neurologic, hematology, oncologic conditions were the main diseases. Mortality was 2.6% and it was highest in nonspecific infection group followed by respiratory, hematologic, neurologic, and oncologic diseases. Mean duration of hospital stay was 11.5 days. Most patients 59.1% were admitted through Emergency Department(ED) and came directly to the hospital. Fifty percent of admissions were from Dhaka and neighboring areas and rest were from other cities and rural areas of Bangladesh. Conclusion: Non-specific infection, respiratory or neurologic diseases are main diseases found in admitted patients and these diseases were the main contributor to death as well. Most of the patients approach directly to this hospital and also through emergency department. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10 (2) Jan 2019: 386-388

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Seasonal trends in oto-rhino-laryngology outpatient clinics in the North Indian state of Punjab: a 3 year pilot study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204352 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 3907

Author(s):

Manish Munjal ◽

Japneet Kaur ◽

Porshia Rishi ◽

Nitika Tuli ◽

Harjinder Sidhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

North India ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College ◽

The North ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Indian State

Background: Otorhinolaryngological disorders are amongst the common reason for seeking medical advice in health care setup. This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital and medical college in North India. The monthly records of 93438 patients were analysed over a period of 3 years from January 2016 to December 2019. All monthly outpatient visits for ear nose throat (ENT) ailments, in the state with extremes of weather were recorded. No such epidemiological data about the attendance rates of patients to outpatient department (OPD) with respect to changing seasonal patterns is available. The aim of this study was to identify the various trends in the attendance pattern of ENT outpatient clinics with respect to the changes in the seasons.Methods: The monthly record of 93438 patients attending the general and speciality outpatient clinics of Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana were studied. The study period was from January 2017 to December 2019).Results: A total of 93438 patients attended ENT OPD in three years from 2017 to 2019. Male: female ratio as 1.22:190. 1 percent of the patients belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life , 9.9 percent of the patients were children. Patients from rural background comprised (63.1%) of the total number of patients The summer months of July, September have shown the maximum attendance during the year. The winter months of February and December have shown minimum attendance.Conclusions: Maximum patient visits were recorded in the month of July and minimum during the winter months of November to February.

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Mentorship program in a tertiary care private medical college of Eastern India: evaluation, appraisal and recommendations (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.28194 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dipmala Das ◽

Asitava Deb Roy ◽

Alka Rawekar

Keyword(s):

Analytical Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

First Year ◽

Eastern India ◽

Mentorship Program ◽

Medical College ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Mentorship Programs ◽

One Year ◽

Strongly Agree

BACKGROUND Mentorship programs are becoming increasingly common in undergraduate medical education all over the world. However, very few medical colleges are running mentorship programs in India. A mentorship program was introduced in our college for the first year MBBS students to help them cope up with the stress of the new environment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the mentorship program with regard to its efficacy, utility, limitation and potential for improvement after successful completion of one year of the program. METHODS It was an observational analytical study including 143 mentees and 15 mentors conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital for five months from November 2019 to March 2020. Two sessions of FGD were carried out involving 7 students in each session. One session of FGD was conducted involving 7 mentors. The feedback was collected with a pre validated questionnaire containing 10 questions (8 close ended and 2 open ended). Feedback of closed ended questions were obtained by using a 5-point Likert scale (1 to 5) where 5 indicated ‘Strongly Agree’ and 1 indicated ‘Strongly Disagree’ RESULTS Most of the mentees (86.7%) and mentors (66.7%) mentioned that mentorship program is necessary for the welfare of the students. However, it was also noted that better communication and frequent meetings can improve the outcome of the program. CONCLUSIONS Mentorship program is deemed essential, however, a well-structured framework and dedicated time from both mentors and mentees will make the program more successful. This type of feedback evaluation is however important to validate such program.

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Study in the Quality of Clinical Documentation Practice in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal

Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College ◽

10.3126/jngmc.v12i2.14469 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Upendra Pandit

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

College Teaching ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Medical Documentation ◽

Medical College ◽

Patient Consent ◽

One Year

Background: Primary documentation of a patient is crucial for making effective healthcare decision and improvements in the quality of care. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of current documentation practice in tertiary care hospitals. Materials and methods: This was an assessment of medical documentation practice of one year from the period of January 2010 to December 2010 in Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital. Total 184 patients' discharge files were enrolled and reviewed. Documentation was reviewed in its quality such as completeness, Coherent, consistency and Legibility.Results: In overall pooled analysis, High omission rate was observed in final diagnosis, results (cure, improved, referral and death), hospital stay, and final case summary. Although, satisfactory performance was observed in complete set of forms (72.2%); Patient consent for treatment &release authorization forms (78.2%) and treatment chart (60.8%), the overall pooled performance in ten components showed50% performance gap. Study demonstrated that documentation and its legibility, coherent and consistency in all departments needs substantial improvements in the institution.JNGMC Vol. 12 No. 2 December 2014, Page: 11-16

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