scholarly journals Clinical and radiological aspects of mandibular fractures: A review of 128 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
Babacar Tamba ◽  
Mouhammad Kane ◽  
Catherine Bintou Gassama ◽  
Mamadou Diatta ◽  
Abdou Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Patient File

The objective was to study the epidemiological, clinical and radiological aspects of patients with mandibular fractures in the odontostomatology department at the General hospital Idrissa Pouye in Senegal. This was a retrospective study of the records of patients who came for a mandibular fracture during the period from February 2007 to June 2019 to the odontostomatology department of the General hospital Idrissa Pouye in Dakar. The inclusion criterion was any patient file containing complete information and presenting a mandibular fracture received in the odontostomatology department. We used sociodemographic, clinical and radiographic variables. Of 128 patients who came for consultation with a mandibular fracture, 115 were male and 13 were female. The age group most affected was between 21 and 30 years. Workers (25.2%), pupils and students (25.2%) were the most represented. The most frequent cause of mandibular fractures was road traffic accidents (36.71%). In 41% of the road accidents, Jakarta mopeds were involved. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiological examination, which consisted of an orthopantomogram in 83.5% of cases. The mandibular symphysis was the most frequent location with 40.3% of fracture sites. Total continuity of the lines was observed in 21.9% of cases.

scholarly journals Pattern and Etiology of Mandibular Fractures Reported at Nepalgunj Medical College: A Prospective Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Niva Kansakar ◽  
Bikram Budhathoki ◽  
Namdev Prabhu ◽  
Anjani Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Medical College ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Mandibular fracture is one of the most common fractures of the maxillofacial region. The pattern of mandibular fractures varies from country to country and these variations can be due to social, cultural, and environmental factors. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the etiology, incidence and pattern of mandibular fractures in western region of Nepal, reported at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital.Methodology: A prospective study of 130 patients with mandibular  fractures  was  conducted  in  Department  of  Dentistry,  Nepalgunj  Medical  College  Teaching  Hospital  from  November  2013  to November 2014. These patients were examined both using clinical and radiographic parameters for mandibular fracture. Data concerning age, gender, causes of fracture and sites of fracture were analyzed.Result: Out of 130 patients, 104(80%) were male patients and 26(20%) were female patients. Most common age group was between 21-30 years. Most common cause of mandibular fracture was road traffic accidents accounting for 66(50.77%) cases followed by fall injury in 30(23.08%) cases. Most common site involved was parasymphysis 46(30.47%) followed by angle 27(17.89%).  Road traffic  accidents due to alcohol  consumption 40(68.97%) was the leading cause followed by assault 10(17.24%) and fall 8(13.79%).Conclusion: Mandibular fractures are more frequent  in  male  than  female  with  higher  frequency  in  21-30  years  age  group.  The most commonly fractured site was the parasymphysis. Road traffic accidents were the most common etiology and significantly associated with alcoholism. JNGMC Vol. 13 No. 2 December 2015

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Analysis Of Different Junction Types On The State Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.

scholarly journals Przedsiębiorczość a bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Ożdżyński
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Government Institutions

The article presents examples of activities and enterprising attitudes researched by the author in the field of the enterprise in the improvement of the road safety.  There are also presented the examples of enterprising activities of many institutions interested in this matter - from government-institutions, including the Department of the National Education, the Department of Transport and Building, the National Council of Traffic Safety, provincial Centres of Road Traffic, the Police and schools, to the over government institutions like European Parliament and Council and private driving schools.  The author presents the system of education about traffic safety - puts emphasis on activities of the driving schools - as an example of enterprising activities. The article gives examples of protecting pedestrians in road accidents. The article compares also the chosen indicators concerning traffic accidents in Poland and in chosen countries of the European Union in years 2000-2004.

scholarly journals Road Accidental Analysis and Identify the Black Spot

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 871-876
Author(s):  
Jaffar Hussian Meer ◽  
Sukhdeep Singh ◽  
Komalpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Capital Development

The increase in motor vehicles accompanied with expansion of roads has brought with it the challenge of addressing the adverse influence of road traffic accidents. Road incidents are a nationwide cataclysm with ever increasing trend which incurs a human health and development challenge and highly affect the human capital development of every nation. A mortality rate database (WHO, 2002) assures that India has highest number of accidents. Accident Black Spots are those locations on the road which have higher severity of accident either in terms of numbers or in terms of injuries. In this paper, efforts have been made to identify the location of accident black spots on national highway from singhpora pattan to panthachowk srinagar.The present era accidents are contributing major deaths worldwide due to increase in vehicular traffic.It has been estimated that every year 1.38 lakh lose their limbs and 6 lakh people get injured in road accidents in india.our country incurs a loss of 58000 crore each year due to road accidents. The most used roads to travel from jalandhar in punjab to uri in kashmir is NH-1A.The old name for NH-44 is NH-1A which was replaced after renumbering of all national highways in year 2010. In this report,the analysis includes study of some major accident spots or busy intersections in the NH-1A in between Pantha chowkh Srinagar to Singhpora Pattan.The study includes visiting sites,collecting required data for analysis and derives the results and remedies from what we had got. This report will be containing the material surveyed,pictures of road at different locations ,road details,figures,material for understanding of the unknown and finally the conclusion

scholarly journals Identification of Road Accident by using Black Spot Method Between Panthaghati to Dhalli Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots

In India road accidents are very serious problem because of large population and high traffic density of vehicles. Most of the road accidents occur mainly due to the negligence of driver and poor infrastructure only a few accidents occur due to the technical error of vehicles. The main purpose of this research paper is prevention of road traffic accidents and improvement of road safety in Shimla. Road safety is very important aspect of today’s life, so it is important that everybody should aware about road safety. To do this study a section of 12km length is chosen between Panthaghati to Dhalli in district Shimla on NH 5 where accidents black spots are identified for the section by analyzing secondary data used to prevent road accidents. In this study primary data is used for observing the road conditions and secondary data is used to find accidents black spot. Black Spot is a point or a place on the road where road accident occurs repeatedly one after another which is known as accident black spot. To identify these black spots we use weighted severity index (WSI) method. It is one the most reliable and effective method for determining the most proven accidents black spots. Shimla is a hilly area and it has narrow roads, blind curve and black spots which increase the chances of road traffic accidents. In past recent years road traffic accidents are increasing in Shimla and this study deals with identification of major issues causing road traffic accidents. This research paper helps to improve the road safety in Shimla because in this study the analysis has been done to identify the major problems responsible for gradually increasing road accidents. This research paper is also used in future research paper as reference purpose and it will also provide an overview to other researchers who want do their research on similar kind of topics.

Prediction Mortality Rate Due to the Road-Traffic Accidents in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurbek IGISSINOV ◽  
Alma AUBAKIROVA ◽  
Galiya ORAZOVA ◽  
Gulnur Akpolatova ◽  
Saltanat URAZOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Population Mortality

Background: As a result of the road traffic accidents 1.25 mln. of working-age people die each year on the roads. Frequency of the RTA is 11 times higher in our country than in Europe, that influence on demographic and economic situation in the republic. Creation of the math modeling and prediction of traffic mortality rate in Kazakhstan will allow to develop measure on its decrease. Methods: Short-term dotted prediction of population mortality level of Kazakhstan was used, in particular – methods of regressive analysis. General prognosis throughout the country up to 2021 was made on the basis of data for 1999-2018. The more relevant method for prediction is exponential function taking into account the features of mortality rate level trend. Results: Prediction of traffic fatalities without division into the age-related groups for 2019 is 2132±181 case with a probability 2/3. Expected levels for 2020-2027 cases, for 2021-1927 cases. Annual mortality decrease rate according to the 0-19 age-related at an average is 6.4% among men and 5.8% among women, according to age group as a whole – by 6.2%; from 20 up to 64 age related group – 5.1 % on all population category; older 65 age –group is by 2.2 %, 3.7 % among men, 2.9% among women as a whole. Conclusion: In the foreseeable future the number of traffic deaths in Kazakhstan will tend to decrease at a slower pace. Mortality rates due to road traffic accidents among working-age men will be 3 times higher than women in this age group.

scholarly journals Vehicle Alerting and Accident Detection System at Hairpin Bend Curves Using IOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2235-2241
Author(s):  
Puneeth S P
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Led Light ◽  
The Road ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Accident Detection

In the developing countries accident is the major cause of death. “Speed Kills”, but still people don’t care enough to act safe while driving on road. Road traffic accidents and deaths caused by them are most critical issues now days. It is also impacting the country’s economy. According to Million Death Study (MDS) about 2.3 million people die in India per year. In that 137 thousand is because of road accidents. That is about 377 people per day. In that 3.7% because of failed to look the road. We can see that many of them are curve roads. In the mountain roads there will be tight curves and the roads will be narrow. In these kinds of situations the driver of a vehicle cannot see vehicles coming from opposite side on the roads. Thousands of people lose their lives each year because of this problem. Since we are talking about mountain roads here other side might lead to a cliff and heavy bends. The solution for this problem is alerting the driver about the vehicles coming from opposite side in Ghats sections. This is done by keeping an ULTRASONIC SENSOR on one side of the road before the curve and keeping a LED light after the curve, so that if a vehicle comes from one end of the curve, sensor senses and LED light glows at the opposite side. By looking at the LED light on/off criteria driver can be alert and can slow down the speed of the vehicle.

scholarly journals The territorial peculiarities of road traffic injury in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
A. Kornus ◽  
O. Kornus
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Lane Changes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

The analysis of the number of road traffic accidents, injuries and deaths in road crashes was conducted at the regional level. This made it possible to draw conclusions about specific features of spatial distribution of these indicators and the non-accidental nature of their implications for different regions of Ukraine. Based on the methods of spatial statistics and we have demonstrated the existence of spatial patterns in the distribution of risks and consequences of accidents in different regions. Statistical analysis allowed us to identify different types of regions, related to certain categories of risks, injuries and deaths from road accidents. By the analysis of these parameters we were calculated the comprehensive index of road safety for all regions of Ukraine. This allows you to evaluate the complex influence of consequences of accidents on the overall security level of the population of certain regions or groups of regions. The safest roads were in city of Kyiv, Transcarpathian region and city of Sevastopol’, as well as in Ivano-Frankivs’k and Kharkiv regions. The worst state of roads and streets in terms of road accidents and their consequences was in Volyn’, Vinnytsia, Chernihiv, Khmelnytsky and especially in Kherson region. Most of the road crashes were due to driver factors. The percentage of accidents with victims occurred due to fault of drivers in 2013 was ranged from 57.28% in Kyiv to 91.19% in Kharkiv region. The main causes are speeding, unsuccessful maneuvering, unsafe lane changes, violation of rules on intersection or marked crosswalk, driving a vehicle while intoxication through drink or drugs. As a result of these violations in Ukraine committed about 55% of accidents. Due to fault of pedestrians is done much less road accidents than because of due to drivers. The proportion of accidents that have occurred due to pedestrians varies from 6.49% in Transcarpathian region to 20.86% in Mykolaiv region. The main causes of accidents of this type in 2013 are hit by car outside pedestrian crossing (2183 accidents and 449 deaths) and an unexpected appear of pedestrians on the roadway (1495 accidents and 409 fatalities). The results of the study can be used to improve national and regional road and transport safety, and to develop strategies and actions to reduce the risks and consequences of accidents in some regions. It should be more detail to establish the reasons behind the emergence of these factors at the local, regional and national levels and, taking those reasons into account, to develop a set of targeted measures to reduce accidents on the roads and reduce the severity of their consequences.

scholarly journals KONSEP LIABILITI DAN PEMBERIAN PAMPASAN GANTI RUGI DALAM KEMALANGAN JALAN RAYA MENURUT PERUNDANGAN ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 45-77
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah Mohd Khair ◽  
Nuarrual Hilal Md Dahlan ◽  
Harlida Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
On The Road

ABSTRAK Aspek liabiliti dan pemberian pampasan ganti rugi merupakan perkara utama dalam membincangkan isu kesalahan kecuaian di dalam kes kemalangan jalan raya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa konsep liabiliti dalam kemalangan jalan raya menurut perundangan Islam dengan memfokuskan kepada kesalahan kecuaian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Dhaman atau denda ganti rugi dalam kajian ini akan menekankan prinsip khusus dan pendekatan ke atas aspek perlanggaran di jalan raya di dalam perundangan Islam. Kajian perpustakaan digunakan untuk liabiliti di dalam kes-kes perlanggaran berteraskan Al¬Quran, sunnah, ijma’ dan qiyas. Seterusnya ia menghubungkaitkan pemakaian konsep ini dengan kesalahan kecuaian menyebabkan perlanggaran di dalam kemalangan jalan raya. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan prinsip ‘penyebab’ dalam perundangan Islam amat jelas pemakaian dan perkaitannya di dalam menentukan liabiliti sama ada kes perlanggaran berlaku di daratan, lautan atau di ruang udara. Konsep liabiliti turut terpakai bagi menentukan tanggungan kecuaian dan pemberian pampasan ganti rugi oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam membina struktur jalan, jambatan, terowong dan lain-lain. Konsep ini juga berhubung dengan jalan raya sekiranya tanggungan bukan pada pemandu yang tidak bersalah dan tidak cuai. ABSTRACT The aspects of liability and compensation have been key points when discussing the issue of negligence in road traffic accidents. This article aims to analyze the concept of liability in road accidents, in accordance to Islamic law, that focuses on negligence by using a qualitative approach. The application of ‘dhaman’ or the compensation of damages, is a broad concept that will be examined in this study. Furthermore, this study will review the specific principles and approaches on collisions of road traffic within the Islamic law. The methodology carried out employs the use of library study to analyze the concept of liability in cases of collisions, based on the Al-Quran, sunnah, ijma’ and qiyas with regards to the application of ‘dhaman’ on the negligence that have resulted in collisions from road accidents. The research outcome suggests that the ‘causal’ principle in Islamic law is very clear on its application and relevance in determining the liability of either a case of collision that has occurred on the road, ocean or in air. The concept of liability is also applied to determine the liability of negligence and awarded compensation by the parties that are involved in constructing the roads, bridges, tunnels and other structures that are associated with the road, if the liability does not fall upon the innocent and negligent drivers.

scholarly journals A Study on the Socio-Demographic Profiles of Road Traffic Accident Cases Attending a Peripheral Tertiary Care Medical College Hospital of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 945-949
Author(s):  
Sirshak Dutta ◽  
Debasis Sarkar ◽  
Nazrul Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Safety Rules

BACKGROUND A road traffic accident (RTA) is any injury due to crashes originating from, terminating with or involving a vehicle partially or fully on a public road. Increased mechanisation and improved socio-economic condition of the people in developing countries like India leads to increased use of motor vehicles, disproportionate to the increase in the number of roads. We wanted to assess the socio-demographic profile of road traffic accident victims and study the antecedent factors influencing the road traffic accidents. METHODS This is an institution based descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted among 114 patients. RESULTS Maximum numbers of the victims, 33.32 % (N = 38) were in the age group of 21-30 years followed by 26.31 % (N =30) in the age group of up to 20 years, mean age of the victims was 29.53 ± 13.85. Majority of the victims, 70.05 % (N = 80) were on motorcycles, and 26.32 % (N =30) of the victims were alcoholic at the time of accident. Majority of the victims, 92.86 % (78 out of 84), among the motor-cycle riders, four-wheeler drivers, and front seat passengers had not used any safety measures at the time of accident. CONCLUSIONS Road traffic accidents emerged as the major epidemic of non-communicable disease, holding a major share of mortality and morbidity data all over the world, majorly among the young productive portion of the population. It was evident from the study that the majority of victims were young adults, from lower socioeconomic background, and rural residents. So, lack of proper information and consciousness regarding road safety rules and measures are definitely the important aetiology behind this epidemic. Almost two third of the cases were among the bikers in the present study, which is pointing out the need of focusing on the road safety rules related to bikers by the road traffic authority. KEYWORDS Alcoholic Intoxication, Motor Vehicle, Road Traffic Accidents, Tertiary Care Centre

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