scholarly journals Determination of potential sources of drug development for menstrual disorders: A qualitative analysis of published literature of in-vitro rat uterus experimental studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Paroma Arefin ◽  
Md. Shehan Habib ◽  
Aishawarya Arefin ◽  
Md. Saidul Arefin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Uterine Contractility ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Herbal Plants

Many herbal plants have been recorded in medicine for their usefulness in menstrual disorders, however, a few have been extensively examined for their pharmacological activities. These plants have been recorded to have usefulness in the management of painful menses, preventing miscarriages, prolonging birth, or inducing birth. Therefore, the effects of herbal plants on the contractility of the uterus will be investigated using the in-vitro experiment of the isolated rat uterus. The study aims to assess the most outstanding plants that are used to treat menstrual disorders, their uterine contractility properties, and adverse effects. The study will therefore acknowledge the importance of medicinal plants in the study of new drugs for regulating uterine contractility and propose suggestions for improving experiments involving medicinal plants on uterine contractility for drug development. The study will provide a direction as to whether the plant extract has drug development potential.

Preterm Birth, Inflammation and Infection: New Alternative Strategies for their Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor M. Muñoz-Pérez ◽  
Mario I. Ortiz ◽  
Raquel Cariño-Cortés ◽  
Eduardo Fernández-Martínez ◽  
Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

Background:Worldwide, the progress in reducing neonatal mortality has been very slow. The rate of preterm birth has increased over the last 20 years in low-income and middle-income countries. Its association with increased mortality and morbidity is based on experimental studies and neonatal outcomes from countries with socioeconomic differences, which have considered implementing alternative healthcare strategies to prevent and reduce preterm births.Methods:Currently, there is no widely effective strategy to prevent preterm birth. Pharmacological therapies are directed at inhibiting myometrial contractions to prolong parturition. Some drugs, medicinal plants and microorganisms possess myorelaxant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties that have proved useful in preventing preterm birth associated with inflammation and infection.Results:This review focuses on the existing literature regarding the use of different drugs, medicinal plants, and microorganisms that show promising benefits for the prevention of preterm birth associated with inflammation and infection. New alternative strategies involving the use of PDE-4 inhibitors, medicinal plants and probiotics could have a great impact on improving prenatal and neonatal outcomes and give babies the best start in life, ensuring lifelong health benefits.Conclusion:Despite promising results from well-documented cases, only a small number of these alternative strategies have been studied in clinical trials. The development of new drugs and the use of medicinal plants and probiotics for the treatment and/or prevention of preterm birth is an area of growing interest due to their potential therapeutic benefits in the field of gynecology and obstetrics.

Phytotherapy for wound healing: The most important herbal plants in wound healing based on Iranian etnobotanical documents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Solati ◽  
Mehrdad Karimi ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Saber Abbaszadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Tissue ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Echium Amoenum

: Wound healing is a process which starts with inflammatory response after damage occurrence. This process happens by restoring the wound surface coating tissue, migrating fibroblasts to form the needed collagen, forming a healing tissue and finally contortion and extraction of the wound. Today, various drugs are used to heal the wound. However, the used drugs to repair wounds have some defects and side effects. In spite of all attempts to accelerate wound healing definitely, no safe drug has been introduced for this purpose. Therefore, the necessity of identifying herbal plants in ethnopharmacology and ethnobotany documents with healing effect is felt essential. In this article we tried to review and present Iranian effective medicinal plants and herbal compounds used for wound healing. Searching was performed on databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, ISC, SID, Magiran and some other databases. The keywords used included wound healing, skin treatment, medicinal plants, ethnobotany, and phytotherapy. In this regard, 139 effective medicinal plants on wound healing were identified based on ethnopharmacology and ethnobotanical sources of Iran. Medicinal plants such as Salvia officinalis, Echium amoenum, Verbascum spp., G1ycyrrhiza glabra, Medicago sativa, Mentha pulegium, Datura stramonium L., Alhagi spp., Aloe vera, Hypericum perforatum, Pistacia atlantica and Prosopis cineraria were the most important and effective medicinal plants on wound healing in Iran. These native Iranian medicinal plants are full of antioxidants and biological compounds and might be used for wound healing and preparation of new drugs.

scholarly journals Cathepsin L plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and humanized mice and is a promising target for new drug development

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao-Miao Zhao ◽  
Wei-Li Yang ◽  
Fang-Yuan Yang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Wei-Jin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
First Time

AbstractTo discover new drugs to combat COVID-19, an understanding of the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is urgently needed. Here, for the first time, we report the crucial role of cathepsin L (CTSL) in patients with COVID-19. The circulating level of CTSL was elevated after SARS-CoV-2 infection and was positively correlated with disease course and severity. Correspondingly, SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection increased CTSL expression in human cells in vitro and human ACE2 transgenic mice in vivo, while CTSL overexpression, in turn, enhanced pseudovirus infection in human cells. CTSL functionally cleaved the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and enhanced virus entry, as evidenced by CTSL overexpression and knockdown in vitro and application of CTSL inhibitor drugs in vivo. Furthermore, amantadine, a licensed anti-influenza drug, significantly inhibited CTSL activity after SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection and prevented infection both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, CTSL is a promising target for new anti-COVID-19 drug development.

scholarly journals In vitro determination of the anti-aging potential of four southern African medicinal plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gugulethu Ndlovu ◽  
Gerda Fouche ◽  
Malefa Tselanyane ◽  
Werner Cordier ◽  
Vanessa Steenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants

scholarly journals Characterization and applications of chimeric mice with humanized livers for preclinical drug development

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chise Tateno ◽  
Yuha Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Human Hepatocytes ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Chimeric Mice ◽  
Preclinical Drug Development

AbstractWe have succeeded in stable mass production of chimeric PXB-mice, whose liver is repopulated by human hepatocytes at a ratio of more than 70%, and we are providing these mice to academia and pharmaceutical companies to support the development of new drugs or studies of liver function. Furthermore, we isolated human hepatocytes, called PXB-cells, from the chimeric mice, and provide them for clients weekly for in vitro studies. In this review, we summarize the existing characterizations of PXB-mice and PXB-cells and their present and future applications.

scholarly journals A Novel Piperazine-Based Drug Lead for Cryptosporidiosis from the Medicines for Malaria Venture Open-Access Malaria Box

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. e01505-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Jumani ◽  
K. Bessoff ◽  
M. S. Love ◽  
P. Miller ◽  
E. E. Stebbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knockout Mouse Model ◽  
Malaria Box

ABSTRACTCryptosporidiosis causes life-threatening diarrhea in children under the age of 5 years and prolonged diarrhea in immunodeficient people, especially AIDS patients. The standard of care, nitazoxanide, is modestly effective in children and ineffective in immunocompromised individuals. In addition to the need for new drugs, better knowledge of drug properties that drivein vivoefficacy is needed to facilitate drug development. We report the identification of a piperazine-based lead compound forCryptosporidiumdrug development, MMV665917, and a new pharmacodynamic method used for its characterization. The identification of MMV665917 from the Medicines for Malaria Venture Malaria Box was followed by dose-response studies,in vitrotoxicity studies, and structure-activity relationship studies using commercial analogues. The potency of this compound againstCryptosporidium parvumIowa and field isolates was comparable to that againstCryptosporidium hominis. Furthermore, unlike nitazoxanide, clofazimine, and paromomycin, MMV665917 appeared to be curative in a NOD SCID gamma mouse model of chronic cryptosporidiosis. MMV665917 was also efficacious in a gamma interferon knockout mouse model of acute cryptosporidiosis. To determine if efficacy in this mouse model of chronic infection might relate to whether compounds are parasiticidal or parasitistatic forC. parvum, we developed a novelin vitroparasite persistence assay. This assay suggested that MMV665917 was parasiticidal, unlike nitazoxanide, clofazimine, and paromomycin. The assay also enabled determination of the concentration of the compound required to maximize the rate of parasite elimination. This time-kill assay can be used to prioritize early-stageCryptosporidiumdrug leads and may aid in planningin vivoefficacy experiments. Collectively, these results identify MMV665917 as a promising lead and establish a new method for characterizing potential anticryptosporidial agents.

scholarly journals FBDD: In-silico STRATEGY TO INHIBIT MPRO ACTIVITY USING DRUGS FROM PREVIOUS OUTBREAKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-480
Author(s):  
Gauravi N Trivedi ◽  
◽  
Janhavi T Karlekar ◽  
Khushbu Dhimmar ◽  
Hetal kumar Panchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Rational Drug Design ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Main Protease

Main protease (Mpro) and Spike (S) proteins are said potential drug targets of COVID-19. Pneumonia like respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading rapidly due to its replication and transmission rate. Protease is the protein that is involved in both replication and transcription. Since CoV-2 shares, genomic similarity with CoV and MERS-CoV, drugs from previous outbreaks are used as primary treatment of the disease. In-silico drug development strategies are said to be faster and effective than in-vitro with a lesser amount of risk factors. Fragment Based Drug Designing (FBDD), also known as rational drug design in which a potential target protein is selected and docked with a lead-like molecule that eventually leads to drug development. Nine (9) drugs that are currently being used to treat patients of coronavirus were selected in this study from the latest literature review and fragmented as per rules followed by crosslinking of drug fragments using editor tools. These native drugs and synthesized drugs were then docked against the main protease. Results of the study revealed that one of the crosslinked lead-like compounds showed a higher binding affinity (∆G) more than any of the native compounds. Further, the results of this study suggested that the combination of potential drugs can be an effective way to develop new drugs to treat a deadly disease.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Hederacoside C and α-hederin in Hedera Nepalensis K.Koch Using HPLC-UV

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Thi Thuy Linh ◽  
Hoang Thanh Duong ◽  
Nguyen Tuan Hiep ◽  
Pham Thanh Huyen ◽  
Nguyen Minh Khoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Simultaneous Quantification ◽  
Study Results

 This study develops a high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for simultaneous quantification of hederacoside C and α-hederin in Hedera nepalensis K. Koch. The method proposed in this study was validated in terms of the analytical parameters such as high repeatability, high accuracy and good sensitivity. The method was used to determine the content of hederacoside C and α-hederin in Hedera nepalensis K. Koch, which had been collected in Ha Giang, Lao Cai and Lai Chau. The study results show that the content of hederacoside C and the content of α-hederin ranged from 0.40 to 4.01% and 0.21 – 0.54% based on absolute dry mass, respectively. Keywords Hedera nepalensis K. Koch, hederacoside C, α-hederin, HPLC-UV. References [1] L. Jafri, et al, In vitro assessment of antioxidant potential and determination of polyphenolic compounds of Hedera nepalensis K. Koch, Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 10 (2017) 3699-3706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.05.002.[2] S. Saleem, et al, Plants Fagonia cretica L, and Hedera nepalensis K. Koch contain natural compounds with potent dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitory activity, Journal of ethnopharmacology. 156 (2014) 26-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.017[3] D.H. Bich, Medicinal plants and animals for medicine in Vietnam, Vol 1, Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 2006 (in Vietnamese).[4] National Institute Of Medicinal Materials, List of medicinal plants in Vietnam, Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 2016 (in Vietnamese).[5] L. Jafri, et al, Hedera nepalensis K. Koch: A Novel Source of Natural Cancer Chemopreventive and Anticancerous Compounds, Phytotherapy research. 30(3) (2016) 447-453. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5546. [6] S. Kanwal, et al, Antioxidant, antitumor activities and phytochemical investigation of Hedera nepalensis K. Koch, an important medicinal plant from Pakistan, Pakistan Journal of Botany. 43 (2011) 85-89. [7] G. Uddin, et al, Biological screening of ethyl acetate extract of Hedera nepalensis stem, African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 6(42) (2012) 2934-2937. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPP12.828 [8] H. Kizu, et al, Studies on Nepalese Crude Drugs, III, On the Saponins of Hedera nepalensis K. Koch, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 33(8) (1985) 3324-3329. https://doi.org/0.1248/cpb.33.3324[9] X. Tong, et al, Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Oil from Hedera nepalensis var sinensis, Fine Chemicals. 24(6) (2007) 559-561. [10] EDQM, European Pharmacopoeia, fifth ed., Council of Europe, France, 2015. [11] N.T.H. Mai, et al, Simultaneous Quantification of Hederacoside C and α-Hederin from the Leaves of Hedera helix L. by HPLC, Journal of Medicinal Material. 21(6) (2016). (in Vietnamese).[12] L. Havlíková, et al, Rapid Determination of α-Hederin and Hederacoside C in Extracts of Hedera helix Leaves Available in the Czech Republic and Poland, Natural product communications. 10(9) (2015). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1501000910[13] M. Yu, et al, Determination of Saponins and Flavonoids in Ivy Leaf Extracts Using HPLC-DAD, Journal of Chromatographic Science. 53(4) (2014) 478-483. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmu068.[14] EMEA, Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology Q2 (R1), in International conference on harmonization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2005. [15] W. Horwitz, Official methods of analysis, 12 ed., Vol 1, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, 1975.

scholarly journals Particularities of Experimental Models Used to Induce Gastric Ulcer

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Simona Fulga ◽  
Ana-Maria Pelin ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc ◽  
Elena Cătălina Lupușoru
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Surgical Methods

Abstract Introduction: Gastric ulcer is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, therefore the constant interest for new treatments is due to adverse effects induced by current therapy. The restricted number of in vivo experimental models is a challenge for researchers. Objectives: Identifying the particularities of different types of experimentally induced gastric ulcer in laboratory animals to facilitate their choise for the study of new antiulcer drugs. Material and method: A search in PubMed and Scopus using keywords ( “experimentally” AND “gastric ulcer” AND “rats/mice”) to include experimental studies with the description of local-induced changes. Review articles and in vitro studies were excluded. Results and discussions: Experimental researches on new drugs for gastric ulcer use chemical or surgical methods to induce gastric lesions in rats. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetic acid models to investigate antisecretory and cytoprotective effects; ethanol models evaluate cytoprotective and/or antioxidant effects; pylorus ligature models to evaluate the effects on the secretion of aggressive gastric factors (hydrochloric acid or pepsin). NSAIDs (indomethacin, acetylsalicylic acid or ibuprofen) inhibit cyclooxygenase activity, resulting from reduced mucus and bicarbonate secretion, decreased mucosal blood flow, alteration of microvascular structures, causing epithelial damage Ethanol enhances the proteolytic and hydrolytic action of hydrochloric acid and pepsin; in addition, stimulates the acid secretion and disruptes vascular endothelium. Pylorus ligature determines the accumulation of gastric acid resulting in gastric ulcers due to the autodigestion of the mucosa. Conclusion: The knowledge of the mechanisms to induce experimental gastric ulcers is essential for choosing the model to evaluate new antiulcer agents.

scholarly journals Natural Products-Derived Chemicals: Breaking Barriers to Novel Anti-HSV Drug Development

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Treml ◽  
Markéta Gazdová ◽  
Karel Šmejkal ◽  
Miroslava Šudomová ◽  
Peter Kubatka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Hsv Infections

Recently, the problem of viral infection, particularly the infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), has dramatically increased and caused a significant challenge to public health due to the rising problem of drug resistance. The antiherpetic drug resistance crisis has been attributed to the overuse of these medications, as well as the lack of new drug development by the pharmaceutical industry due to reduced economic inducements and challenging regulatory requirements. Therefore, the development of novel antiviral drugs against HSV infections would be a step forward in improving global combat against these infections. The incorporation of biologically active natural products into anti-HSV drug development at the clinical level has gained limited attention to date. Thus, the search for new drugs from natural products that could enter clinical practice with lessened resistance, less undesirable effects, and various mechanisms of action is greatly needed to break the barriers to novel antiherpetic drug development, which, in turn, will pave the road towards the efficient and safe treatment of HSV infections. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview of the recent advances in natural antiherpetic agents. Additionally, this paper covers a large scale of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, peptides, and other miscellaneous compounds derived from various sources of natural origin (plants, marine organisms, microbial sources, lichen species, insects, and mushrooms) with promising activities against HSV infections; these are in vitro and in vivo studies. This work also highlights bioactive natural products that could be used as templates for the further development of anti-HSV drugs at both animal and clinical levels, along with the potential mechanisms by which these compounds induce anti-HSV properties. Future insights into the development of these molecules as safe and effective natural anti-HSV drugs are also debated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document