Method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate and enalapril maleate in solid dosage form

A rapid, sensitive, specific, accurate and precise high pressure liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) method involving UV detection has been developed for the determination and quantification of Amlodipine Besylate and Enalapril maleate in bulk and combined dosage form. The determination was carried out on a Phenomenex C18 column (Dimention : 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The sample was analysed using filtered and degassed mixture of methanol : 0.1N HCl (1:1) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1ml/min and effluent was monitored at 218nm. The retention time for Amlodipine besylate was 7.6 min and for Enalapril maleate 3.2 min. Amlodipine besylate and Enalapril maleate showed a linear response in the concentration range of 10-50μg/ml. The correlation co-efficient ('r' value) for Amlodipine besylate and Enalapril maleate was 0.9992 and 0.9994, respectively. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness and solution stability. The proposed method can be used for routine analysis of Amlodipine Besylate and Enalapril maleate in bulk and combined dosage form

Comparative characterization study of plant based calcium vs synthetic calcium

Calcium is an essential mineral which supports bone health as well as serves as a major therapeutic intervention that can prevent and delay the incidence of osteoporosis.Multicellular aquatic plants like are a rich source of plant based calcium. The Characterization of Plant based calcium and Synthetic calcium sources using sophisticated analytical techniques. Plant based Calcium and Synthetic Calcium sources were subjected to instrumental analysis such as SEM, ICP-OES and XRD, and comparisons were done followed by interpretation.In this study, three different instrument techniques like SEM, ICP-OES and XRD were used for the characterization of plant based calcium and synthetic calcium. The results showed that plant based calcium were smaller crystals as compared to synthetic calcium crystals. Further, in case of XRD results, plant based calcium is shown to possess two 2θ values, whereas in case of synthetic calcium, it showed a single 2θ value. Further, Magnesium and Boron content were higher in case of plant based calcium as compared to synthetic calcium. Both Plant based and Synthetic Calcium can be distinguished using SEM, ICP-OES and XRD techniques. Outcomes of this study enlightens the probable reasons for enhanced bioavailability in case of plant based calcium sources as compared to synthetic sources.

Analytical tools in protein structure determination

Three-dimensional protein structure prediction from amino acid sequence has been a thought-provoking task for decades, but it of pivotal importance as it provides a better understanding of its function. In recent years, the methods for prediction of protein structures have advanced considerably. Computational techniques and increase in protein sequence and structure databases have influence the laborious protein structure determination process. Still there is no single method which can predict all the protein structures. In this review, we describe the four stages of protein structure determination. We have also explored the currenttechniques used to uncover the protein structure and highpoint best suitable method for a given protein.

Simultaneous analysis of eprosartan and hydrochlorothiazide in tablet formulation by High- Performance thin layer chromatography with ultraviolet absorption densitometry

A new, simple, accurate, and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method has been established for simultaneous analysis of Eprosartan and Hydrochlorothiazide from a tablet formulation. Standard and sample solutions of Eprosartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were applied to precoated 250 μm layer of silica gel G 60 F and the plates were developed with Chloroform: Acetonitrile: Glacial Acetic Acid (7:3:1,v/v/v) as mobile phase. Detection and evaluation of densitograms was performed densitometrically at 254 nm. The linear range was 200-700 ng/band with the retention factors of Eprosartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were 0.26± 0.02 and 0.44±0.02, respectively. The method was validated and successfully used for analysis of the drugs in tablets.

Formulation and evaluation of dry herbal powder shampoo

Shampoos are used not only for cleansing purpose but also for imparting gloss to hair and to maintain their manageability and oiliness for hair. Shampoos are of various types, like powder shampoo, clear liquid shampoo liquid shampoo, lotion shampoo, solid gel shampoo, medicated shampoo, liquid herbal shampoo etc. As far as herbal shampoos are concerned in stability criteria. Depending upon the nature of the ingredients they may be simple or plain shampoo, antiseptic or antidandruff.In the present work the herbal shampoo powder has been developed, by using traditional drugs for hair care. The preparation were formulated using Onion Powder, Rose Petal, Lemon Grass, Flaxseed or Linseed, Hirda, Bahera, Black tea, Brahmni, Triphala, Bhringraj, Ginger Root, Ashwagadha, Shikakai, Feenu greek, Shatavari, Heena, Wala, Aloevera Powder, Nirgudi Powder, Bavachi, Jatha mansi, Tulsi, Neem, Hibiscus Flower, and Retha evaluated for organoleptic properties, powder characteristics, foam test and physical evaluation.The physicochemical evaluation of the formulated shampoo showed ideal results. However, to improve its quality, product performance, and safety, further development and study was required.

A review on: Medicinal properties of ginkgo biloba

Traditional medicine and medicinal plants, as well as their study of modern chemical principles, may lead to the development of newer, less expensive medications. Ginkgo Biloba is well-known for curing a variety of ailments and is utilized in a variety of traditional medicinal formulations. Scientists and researchers from all over the world have spent decades studying the chemical composition of the entire Ginkgo Biloba plant, as well as its biological and pharmacological functions. These investigations established Ginkgo Biloba's medicinal potential in modern medicine and as a prospective drug discovery candidate. The current paper provides an overview of Ginkgo Bilobaethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity.

Fabrication of zero-valent iron nanoparticles by green and chemical reduction methods: Application in the field of antibacterial activities for medicinal point of view

In the area of life sciences,iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) have many applications. In this paper, the unique properties of iron nanoparticles as antimicrobials are studied. In this study, nanoparticles of iron have been fabricated by green and chemical reduction method. With the help of FESEM analysis and Zeta size analysis, the usual value of nanoparticles was found to be 10-30 nm in size. Furthermore, the prepared nanoparticles were examined for antibacterial perspective aligned with gram-positive and negative strains namely Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, using agar plate method and IC was also estimated using tube dilution assay.

Herbal mouthwashes for oral health care-A paradigm shift

Herbs have been used since centuries to prevent and control various diseases. Being low in cost, safe, and easily available, herbal medicines are staging a comeback globally, owing to their antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. In dentistry, herbal extracts have been widely used in tooth cleaning agents and mouthrinses. The present study is aimed at reviewing various extracts of herbal products and their effects on dental health. From this review study, it is evidenced that Aloe vera, Neem, Clove Oil, Castor Oil, and Peppermint showed better results than conventional mouthwashes in dental plaque and gingival inflammation reductions. However, preclinical and clinical trials are needed to gauge biocompatibility and safety before herbal medicines are often recommended conclusively for oral care.

Simultaneous estimation of pioglitazone, glimepiride & metformin hydrochloride in bulk & tablet dosage form by UV, RP-HPLC method

A stability-indicating UV spectroscopic and high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method is developed for the quantification ofPioglitazone, Glimepiride & Metformin Hydrochloride drug substances. UV spectroscopic method was developed and validated, the wavelength selected for simultaneous estimation were 226nm for pioglitazone, 229nm for glimepiride and 232nm for metformin hydrochloride. The isosbestic point found for the analysis was 229nm. Selected mobile phase was a combination of methanol and water with a ratio of 70% Methanol and 30 % HPLC water with the flow rate of 0.85ml/min. The analyte was analysed on the C18 HPLC column having the pore size of 5 microns at room temperature. The method is validated according to ICH guidelines, the retention time of about 4.0min for metformin, 5.5min for Pioglitazone and 6.8min for Glimepiride was observed. The linearity range with regression co-efficient for Pioglitazone, Glimepiride & Metformin Hydrochloride is 3-15 μg/mL,0.4-1.2 μg/mL and 100-500 μg/mL and 0.9998, 0.9991, 0.9991 respectively.