Hyperbolic Tetrahedron: Volume Calculation with Application to the Proof of the Schläfli Formula

There was a method developed that generates the three-dimensional model of not axisymmetric produce, based on an arbitrary number of photos. The model can serve as a basis for calculating the surface area and the volume of produce. The efficiency of the reconstruction was tested on bell peppers and artificial shapes. In case of bell peppers 3-dimensional reconstruction was created from 4 images rotated in 45° angle intervals. The surface area and the volume were estimated on the basis of the reconstructed area. Furthermore, a new and simple reference method was devised to give precise results for the surface area of bell pepper. The results show that this 3D reconstruction-based surface area and volume calculation method is suitable to determine the surface area and volume of definite bell peppers with an acceptable error.

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1341. Blood Volume Collected for Blood Cultures in Infants with Suspected Neonatal Sepsis in the NICU

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1523 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S682-S682

Author(s):

Maria S Rueda Altez ◽

Lamia Soghier ◽

Joseph M Campos ◽

James Bost ◽

Jiaxiang Gai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bloodstream Infection ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Culture Negative ◽

Time Of Collection ◽

Rule Out

Abstract Background Blood cultures have high sensitivity to detect bacteremia in septic neonates when >=1 ml of blood is collected. Neonatologists often cite low confidence in microbiologic sampling as rationale for continuing antibiotics without a focus of infection despite negative blood cultures, resulting in prolonged antimicrobial therapy. We aim to describe the blood culture sample volumes in NICU patients, to identify factors associated with sample volumes < 1ml, and to compare the sample volumes of patients treated for culture-negative sepsis with those with bloodstream infections and those treated for a ≤72-hour sepsis rule-out Methods Data from this observational cohort study were collected retrospectively and prospectively from NICU patients with blood cultures obtained from September 2018 to February 2019. Clinical data were collected through chart review. All inoculated culture bottles were weighed for volume calculation. We determined the association of age, weight, sample source, and time of collection with volume < 1mL. Continuous variables were analyzed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, and categorical variables using chi-squared test. For aim 3, the volumes of the groups were compared using analysis of variance. Results A total of 310 blood cultures were identified, corresponding to 159 patients. Of these, 49 (16%) were positive. Among the negative blood cultures, 86% were collected in patients who subsequently received antibiotics (Figure 1). Median inoculated volume was 0.6 ml (IQR: 0.1-2.4). Weight and age at time of culture collection, source of sample, and time of collection were not significantly associated with the inoculation of < 1ml of blood. Median volume of blood was 0.6ml (0.3-0.6) for sepsis rule-out, 0.6ml (0.2-0.6) for bloodstream infection, and 0.6ml (0.6-1.4) for culture-negative sepsis. No difference was found among the three groups (p=0.54) Figure 1. Classification of blood cultures identified during study period Conclusion The blood volume collected for cultures in the NICU is lower than recommended. Clinical and environmental characteristics are not significantly associated with the inoculated volume. The volume of blood sampled does not differ in patients with culture-negative sepsis, bloodstream infection and sepsis rule-out, and should not be a justification for longer duration of antibiotic therapy Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Canopy Parameter Estimation of Citrus grandis var. Longanyou Based on LiDAR 3D Point Clouds

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13091859 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1859

Author(s):

Xiangyang Liu ◽

Yaxiong Wang ◽

Feng Kang ◽

Yang Yue ◽

Yongjun Zheng

Keyword(s):

Convex Hull ◽

Clustering Algorithm ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Point Clouds ◽

Biomass Estimation ◽

Reconstruction Method ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Alpha Shape ◽

3D Point Clouds ◽

Canopy Volume

The characteristic parameters of Citrus grandis var. Longanyou canopies are important when measuring yield and spraying pesticides. However, the feasibility of the canopy reconstruction method based on point clouds has not been confirmed with these canopies. Therefore, LiDAR point cloud data for C. grandis var. Longanyou were obtained to facilitate the management of groves of this species. Then, a cloth simulation filter and European clustering algorithm were used to realize individual canopy extraction. After calculating canopy height and width, canopy reconstruction and volume calculation were realized using six approaches: by a manual method and using five algorithms based on point clouds (convex hull, CH; convex hull by slices; voxel-based, VB; alpha-shape, AS; alpha-shape by slices, ASBS). ASBS is an innovative algorithm that combines AS with slices optimization, and can best approximate the actual canopy shape. Moreover, the CH algorithm had the shortest run time, and the R2 values of VCH, VVB, VAS, and VASBS algorithms were above 0.87. The volume with the highest accuracy was obtained from the ASBS algorithm, and the CH algorithm had the shortest computation time. In addition, a theoretical but preliminarily system suitable for the calculation of the canopy volume of C. grandis var. Longanyou was developed, which provides a theoretical reference for the efficient and accurate realization of future functional modules such as accurate plant protection, orchard obstacle avoidance, and biomass estimation.

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Volumetric Quantification of Flash Flood Using Microwave Data on a Watershed Scale in Arid Environments, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4115

Author(s):

Jaka Budiman ◽

Jarbou Bahrawi ◽

Asep Hidayatulloh ◽

Mansour Almazroui ◽

Mohamed Elhag

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Flash Flood ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Surface Elevation ◽

Flood Mapping ◽

Depth Information ◽

Arid Environments ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Flood Depth ◽

Flood Volume

Actual flood mapping and quantification in an area provide valuable information for the stakeholder to prevent future losses. This study presents the actual flash flood quantification in Al-Lith Watershed, Saudi Arabia. The study is divided into two steps: first is actual flood mapping using remote sensing data, and the second is the flood volume calculation. Two Sentinel-1 images are processed to map the actual flood, i.e., image from 25 May 2018 (dry condition), and 24 November 2018 (peak flood condition). SNAP software is used for the flood mapping step. During SNAP processing, selecting the backscatter data representing the actual flood in an arid region is challenging. The dB range value from 7.23–14.22 is believed to represent the flood. In GIS software, the flood map result is converted into polygon to define the flood boundary. The flood boundary that is overlaid with Digital Elevation Map (DEM) is filled with the same elevation value. The Focal Statistics neighborhood method with three iterations is used to generate the flood surface elevation inside the flood boundary. The raster contains depth information is derived by subtraction of the flood surface elevation with DEM. Several steps are carried out to minimize the overcalculation outside the flood boundary. The flood volume can be derived by the multiplication of flood depth points with each cell size area. The flash flood volume in Al-Lith Watershed on 24 November 2018 is 155,507,439 m3. Validity checks are performed by comparing it with other studies, and the result shows that the number is reliable.

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Accuracy of common stem volume formulae using terrestrial photogrammetric point clouds: a case study with savanna trees in Benin

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-021-01333-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hospice A. Akpo ◽

Gilbert Atindogbé ◽

Maxwell C. Obiakara ◽

Arios B. Adjinanoukon ◽

Madaï Gbedolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Point Clouds ◽

Stem Volume ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Solid Of Revolution ◽

Taper Function ◽

Geometric Solids ◽

Traditional Approaches ◽

Tree Stem

AbstractRecent applications of digital photogrammetry in forestry have highlighted its utility as a viable mensuration technique. However, in tropical regions little research has been done on the accuracy of this approach for stem volume calculation. In this study, the performance of Structure from Motion photogrammetry for estimating individual tree stem volume in relation to traditional approaches was evaluated. We selected 30 trees from five savanna species growing at the periphery of the W National Park in northern Benin and measured their circumferences at different heights using traditional tape and clinometer. Stem volumes of sample trees were estimated from the measured circumferences using nine volumetric formulae for solids of revolution, including cylinder, cone, paraboloid, neiloid and their respective fustrums. Each tree was photographed and stem volume determined using a taper function derived from tri-dimensional stem models. This reference volume was compared with the results of formulaic estimations. Tree stem profiles were further decomposed into different portions, approximately corresponding to the stump, butt logs and logs, and the suitability of each solid of revolution was assessed for simulating the resulting shapes. Stem volumes calculated using the fustrums of paraboloid and neiloid formulae were the closest to reference volumes with a bias and root mean square error of 8.0% and 24.4%, respectively. Stems closely resembled fustrums of a paraboloid and a neiloid. Individual stem portions assumed different solids as follows: fustrums of paraboloid and neiloid were more prevalent from the stump to breast height, while a paraboloid closely matched stem shapes beyond this point. Therefore, a more accurate stem volumetric estimate was attained when stems were considered as a composite of at least three geometric solids.

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The interobserver reliability and validity of volume calculation from three-dimensional ultrasound datasets in the in vitro setting

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1002/uog.61 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 283-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 164

Author(s):

N. J. Raine-Fenning ◽

J. S. Clewes ◽

N. R. Kendall ◽

A. K. Bunkheila ◽

B. K. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interobserver Reliability ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Volume Calculation

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An Object Recognition and Volume Calculation Method Based on Yolov3 and Depth Vision

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1684/1/012009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1684 ◽

pp. 012009

Author(s):

Y Sun ◽

Z X Liu ◽

M Li ◽

Z T Zeng ◽

Z X Zong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Object Recognition ◽

Calculation Method ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Depth Vision

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Comparing of the bruise volume calculation methods for Ankara pear ( L.)

Journal of Food Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.01.019 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O KABAS ◽

A OZMERZI

Keyword(s):

Calculation Methods ◽

Volume Calculation

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Abstract WP406: Training and Validation of Deepmedic Machine Learning Tool for Automated Hematoma Segmentation and Volume Analysis on CT Using Multicenter Data

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wp406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sean Nurmsoo ◽

Alessandro Guida ◽

Alex Wong ◽

Richard I Aviv ◽

Andrew Demchuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Validation Cohort ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽

Machine Learning Algorithm ◽

Manual Segmentation ◽

Training Cohort ◽

Volume Calculation

Introduction: We sought to train and validate an automated machine learning algorithm for ICH segmentation and volume calculation using multicenter data. Methods: An open-source 3D deep machine learning algorithm “DeepMedic” was trained using manually segmented ICH from 208 CT scans (129 patients) from the multicenter PREDICT study. The algorithm was then validated with 125 manually segmented CT scans (48 patients) from the SPOTLIGHT study. Manual segmentation was performed with Quantomo semi-automated software. ABC/2 was measured for all studies by two neuroradiologists. Accuracy of DeepMedic segmentation was assessed using the Dice similarity coefficient. Analysis was stratified by presence of IVH. Intraclass correlation (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) assessed agreement between manual vs. DeepMedic segmentation volume; and manual segmentation and ABC/2 volume. Bland-Altman charts were analyzed for ABC/2 and DeepMedic vs. manual segmentation volumes. Results: DeepMedic demonstrated high segmentation accuracy in the training cohort (median Dice 0.96; IQR 0.95 - 0.97) and in the validation cohort (median Dice 0.91; IQR 0.86 - 0.94). Dice coefficients were not significantly different between patients with IVH in the training cohort; however was significantly worse in the validation cohort in patients with IVH (Wilcoxon p<0.001). Agreement was significantly better between DeepMedic and manual segmentation (PREDICT: ICC 0.99 [95%CI 0.99 -1.00]; SPOTLIGHT: ICC 0.98 [95%CI 0.97 - 0.99]) than between ABC/2 and manual segmentation (PREDICT: ICC 0.92 [95%CI 0.89 - 0.95]; SPOTLIGHT: ICC 0.95 [95%CI 0.93-0.97]). Improved accuracy of DeepMedic was demonstrated in Bland-Altman charts (Fig 1). Conclusion: ICH machine learning segmentation with DeepMedic is feasible and accurate; and demonstrates greater agreement with manual segmentation compared to ABC/2 volumes. Accuracy of the machine learning algorithm however is limited in patients with IVH.

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LEARNINGS FROM SPECTRAL GR MEASUREMENTS FROM LWD AND FROM CUTTINGS IN HIGH AND LOW ANGLE WELLS

10.30632/spwla-2021-0062 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Azizi Ibrahim ◽

◽

Faisal Al-Enezi ◽

Marie Van Steene ◽

Alan Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Ray ◽

Potassium Feldspar ◽

Heavy Minerals ◽

High Angle ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

X Ray ◽

Additional Information ◽

Elemental Concentrations ◽

Depth Control ◽

Good Agreement

Spectral gamma-ray (SGR) data were acquired from a new slim logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool and from surface cuttings in a near vertical well and in a horizontal well across clastic deposits. Comparison of the data from both measurements indicates that there are advantages from both methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data from cuttings also support the findings. The formation evaluation objective is to quantify the volumes of each mineral and fluid present in the formation. SGR data brings the required additional information to reduce the mineral volume uncertainty, especially for the clays in the formation with complex mineral assemblages. In the studied clastic deposits, several clay types are present (with the dominant contribution from illite and kaolinite) together with feldspars and trace elements like zircon and other heavy minerals. The presence of gas introduces another unknown, since it affects the porosity measurements and fluid volume calculation through bulk density and neutron porosity. The comparison of SGR data from LWD logs and from cuttings brings robustness to our conclusions. Comparison of the thorium, potassium, and uranium concentrations from LWD logs and from cuttings shows good agreement in the measurements for the low-angle well. The high-angle well data also shows good agreement between the two measurements except for the cleaner sand section. The results from the cuttings are affected by the accuracy of sample depth control due to the poor borehole conditions and inefficiency in evacuating cuttings in high-angle wells compared to low-angle wells. The trend of the SGR is maintained. The LWD SGR elemental concentrations are then used to solve the formation mineral fractions, which are compared with the same fractions from the XRD on cuttings. Similar conclusions are drawn for the elemental concentrations. The potassium concentration enables the quantification of illite and potassium feldspar. Uranium brings a significant contribution to the total GR measurement, which could lead to a clay volume overestimation if the uranium contributions weren’t excluded. In conclusion, LWD provides superior quality SGR data compared with SGR from cuttings because of the better depth control and vertical resolution. SGR on cuttings can be an alternative when combined with other LWD measurements and accepting a higher uncertainty, in case LWD SGR cannot be run due to certain borehole conditions. This paper compares the results of a slim tool LWD and cuttings SGR data for the first time and concludes on the applicability of each technique.

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