scholarly journals An Analysis of China's Money Supply and Its Changes in 2008-2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Household Savings ◽  
State Council ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Time Deposits ◽  
Economic Stabilization

China divides the money supply into three levels: cash in circulation M0, cash that fl ows outside the banking system; the second is the narrow money supply M1, that is, M0 plus the deposit of enterprises and institutions; Money supply M2, that is, M1 plus enterprises and institutions of time deposits, household savings deposits and other deposits. In September 2008, China's monetary policy moderates easing in response to the serious impact of the international fi nancial crisis. At the beginning of 2009, the State Council put forward an annual growth of about 17% M2, more than 5 trillion yuan of new loans, relative to the expected 8% GDP growth rate and 4% of the CPI index is still a moderately easy monetary policy. China's monetary policy this shift is correct, strong with the government's active fi scal policy, the role of economic stabilization and recovery is more obvious.

scholarly journals An Analysis of China's Money Supply and Its Changes in 2008-2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Wang ◽  
Tingting Tang ◽  
Xuebin Xia ◽  
Xiaohong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Household Savings ◽  
State Council ◽  
International Financial Crisis ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Time Deposits ◽  
Economic Stabilization

China divides the money supply into three levels: cash in circulation M0, cash that flows outside the banking system; the second is the narrow money supply M1, that is, M0 plus the deposit of enterprises and institutions; Money supply M2, that is, M1 plus enterprises and institutions of time deposits, household savings deposits and other deposits. In September 2008, China's monetary policy moderates easing in response to the serious impact of the international financial crisis. At the beginning of 2009, the State Council put forward an annual growth of about 17% M2, more than 5 trillion yuan of new loans, relative to the expected 8% GDP growth rate and 4% of the CPI index is still a moderately easy monetary policy. China's monetary policy this shift is correct, strong with the government's active fiscal policy, the role of economic stabilization and recovery is more obvious.

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE CENTRAL BANK IN THE FUNCTION OF IMPROVEMENT OF LIQUIDITY OF BANKING SECTOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Mitrović ◽  
Živko Erceg
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Dayton Agreement ◽  
The Impact

The monetary policy of Bosnia andHerzegovina is rather limited because it is basedon the principles of a currency boardcharacterized by the impossibility of implementingthe basic monetary policy instruments incomparison with the monetary policy of theEuropean Union. However, the constant presenceof European integrations should point the need fora more drastic change in the monetary policy ofBosnia and Herzegovina. By entering theEuropean Monetary Union (EMU), the monetaryterritory of Bosnia and Herzegovina will becomeone of the branches of the European Central Bank(ECB). In addition, it is not difficult to concludewhy the Law about the Central Bank of Bosnia andHerzegovina has been adopted with the first lawsof the Dayton Agreement, if it is known that thelargest part of the banking system, and thereforethe financial market, is owned by foreign banks.This work will point out the significance of theCentral Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as oneof the most important factors for maintaining thepermanent liquidity of the banking sector inBosnia and Herzegovina. The possibilities andlimitations of the Central Bank of Bosnia andHerzegovina will be determined, with theassumption of macroeconomic sustainability overa longer period of time. The need of reforming thebanking system in Bosnia and Herzegovina will beanalyzed through the constant implementation ofthe Basel standards with the increasingparticipation of foreign banks in the Bosnia andHerzegovina. It will be determined the impact ofthe implementation of the Basel III in the bankingindustry in Bosnia and Herzegovina and itsconsequences on the banking and economicsystem.models, on the ways of financing theelimination of adverse consequences of naturaldisasters.

Digital Money, Liquidity, and Monetary Policy (originally published in July 1997)

First Monday ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Berentsen
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
Payment Mechanisms ◽  
Retail Payments

The term digital money refers to various proposed electronic payment mechanisms designed for use by consumers to make retail payments. Digital money products have the potential to replace central bank currency, thereby affecting the money supply. This paper studies the effect of replacing central bank currency on the narrowly defined stock of money under various assumptions regarding regulatory policies and monetary operations of central banks and the reaction of the banking system.

scholarly journals Measuring monetary policy by money supply and interest rate: evidence from emerging economies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-367
Author(s):  
Trung Thanh Bui ◽  
Kiss Dávid Gábor
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Forecast Error ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Forecast Error Variance

Abstract Although measuring monetary policy is a contentious issue in the literature, much less evidence on this issue is available for emerging economies. This paper aims to investigate the role of interest rate and money supply in measuring monetary policy in twelve emerging economies that target inflation through the analysis of Granger causality, impulse response function, and forecast error variance decomposition. The empirical results show that both money supply and interest rate are useful predictors for changes in inflation. Moreover, both show a comparable power to explain the variation of inflation. However, a rise in interest rate increases rather than decreases inflation, whereas money supply has a positive and expected effect on inflation. These findings suggest that interest rate may not fully capture the overall stance of monetary policy or interest rate has a limited effect on inflation.

scholarly journals Estimating the role of money supply in determining aggregate investment in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Sohail Alam Khan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Brekhna Gul
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Aggregate Investment ◽  
Effective Instrument

This study investigates the role of money supply in determining the Pakistan's aggregate investment for the period 1980-2015. Hodric-Prescott Filter method has been applied for extracting the trend from the data. For estimating the results ordinary least squares method, granger causality test and Vector Autoregression has been used. The results revealed that money supply (M1 and M2) increases the aggregate investment in Pakistan. Other variables such as GDP growth rate and saving also showed a positive and significant association with aggregate investment. However, foreign direct investment remained insignificant. These findings recommended that the State Bank of Pakistan can used both M1 and M2 as an effective instrument of monetary policy for increasing the level of aggregate investment component of aggregate demand in the economy.

scholarly journals Role & Impact of Interest Rate in Jordan’ Economy from Points of View of Banking Managers

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
REEM SAHER Alaraj
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Demand For Money ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Points Of View

<p><strong>The research aimed at investigating the role, impact and determinants of interest rate in Jordanian economy from view points of banking managers in Jordan. The methodology is descriptive and analytical using mean, standard deviation, t-test and percentages as statistical tools. The study concluded that the role of interest rate in Jordanian monetary policy is restricted by two factors: pegging JD with US$ which limits the effective role of interest rate in Jordanian monetary policy and the dual banking system of traditional and Islamic banks where Islamic banks do not deal with Interest rate. Raising interest rate in Jordan caused higher cost of credit for companies, less competitiveness of exports, less liquidity in the economy, higher profit margin for banks, higher exchange rate of JD and higher inflation. Nevertheless, lowering interest rate in Jordan caused lower cost of borrowing, higher liquidity, better competitiveness of exports and more credit facilities by banks but inflation was much lower. </strong><strong>Moreover, the study concluded the determinants of interest rate in Jordan are money supply, demand for money, inflation and economic conditions. </strong><strong>In order to have an effective role for interest rate in monetary policy, the researcher recommends pegging JD to a basket of currencies</strong>. </p>

scholarly journals The role of the banking system in supporting the financial equilibrium of the enterprises: the case of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-202
Author(s):  
Svitlana Yehorycheva ◽  
Tetiana Gudz ◽  
Mykhailo Krupka ◽  
Oleh Kolodiziev ◽  
Nataliіa Tarasevych
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
Financial Equilibrium ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Time Deposits ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Positive Effect

The financial equilibrium (“financial health”) of the enterprises is a prerequisite for their sustainable development, which ensures macroeconomic stability of the economy and the welfare of the state. It should be supported by the banking system, which performs the function of the effective reallocation of capital. Recently, the Ukrainian banking system itself is in a challenging situation and is undergoing a period of transformation. The purpose of the study is to assess how sufficiently the banking system of Ukraine supports the financial equilibrium of enterprises and to find the possibilities to strengthen its role in the progress of the real sector of economy. The authors single out three stages of financial equilibrium growth; each of them can be supported by the relevant banking services. The empirical analysis proves that the Ukrainian banks successfully ensure only the first stage, namely, liquidity balancing. To quantitatively assess the role of the banking system in supporting the enterprises’ financial equilibrium, a multivariate regression applying mathematical gnostic analysis in the program shell R Console is used. The research makes it possible to find out that only the economy monetization, the share of time deposits of economic entities and growth rate of mortgage loans have a positive effect. The authors conclude that the problems of both enterprises and the banking system are in the sphere of development and implementation of government economic policy and are aggravated by the restrictive monetary policy.

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