scholarly journals Utilization of Oil Wastes for Production of Road-building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.A. Mansurov ◽  
E.K. Ongarbaev ◽  
B.K. Tuleutaev
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Pipeline Failure ◽  
Extraction Refining

<p>The pollution of environment by oil spills in the process of extraction, refining and transporting of oil is an important ecological problem of oil industry. Composition and properties of the oil sludge and il contaminated soil taken from the area of Zhetybai – Uzen – Atyrau pipeline failure have been investigated aiming at development of oil waste utilization methods. The offered thermal method of organic fraction extraction allows to decrease the organic fraction content by 15–20 %. It is shown that the recovered oil may be used for the bitumen production, and the solid residue – as a component of cold asphalt concrete.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of Operational Research on Performance Control of a Project in the Oil and Gas Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Ionut Nica
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Current Configuration ◽  
Extraction Refining

The explosive development of the human society in contrast to the limited character of resources determines the need for successful implementation of mathematic models in the decision-making process concerning the use of available resources. The oil industry includes a series of global processes such as mining, extraction, refining, transport (road, rail, ship and pipeline) and oil products. The products of this industry with the highest degree of utilization are gasoline and diesel but the portfolio is much broader, kerosene, bitumen, fuel and raw materials for other chemicals such as solvents, pesticides, fertilizers and materials plastic. The oil industry comprises three major areas: "upstream" extraction; refining - "midstream" and transportation and marketing of downstream products. In most cases refining is considered to be part of downstream, Oil and petroleum products are essential for many industries and their importance is vital in maintaining and developing the industrial area in the current configuration.

ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, AND MORAL DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY IN AUSTRIAN GALICIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
ALISON FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Moral Dimensions

Fears about the sustainability of oil-rich communities and hopes that petroleum would fuel financial, social, and moral renewal have accompanied the oil industry since its inception in the mid-nineteenth century. With each successive ecological disaster caused by oil spills, debates over the industry's ecological sustainability sharpen. Discussions about the geological sustainability of the petroleum industry intensify when oil supplies tighten, and dissipate when they increase. Although concerns about the moral viability of communities dependent on oil have become radically unfamiliar since the late nineteenth century, these, too, were once central to debates about the effects of oil on human society. In the nineteenth century, the progress that oil promised to bring was to be measured not only in material wealth, but in the attainment of social harmony and the attenuation of political strife.

OIL SPILL PREPAREDNESS: THE OIL INDUSTRY AND THE NATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
D.J. Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
State Governments ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Current State ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of

It is vital that there is a credible and well organised arrangement to deal with oil spills in Australia.The National Plan to Combat Pollution of the Sea by Oil, the umbrella oil spill response plan for Australia, is a combined effort by the Commonwealth and State Governments, the oil industry and the shipping industry.The Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC), formed in 1991, is an industry centre set up for rapid response with equipment and resources, together with a training and industry coordination role.A review of the National Plan in 1992, identified, amongst a number of issues, that the National Plan needed to be re-focussed, to ensure full integration of all government and industry activities for the first time. This has led to greatly improved understanding between government and industry and significant improvements to Australia's oil spill response preparedness. The National Plan review has also resulted in a clearer definition of the responsibilities for operational control, together with the organisational structure to deliver a successful response.The current state of Australia's National Plan is such that it does provide confidence that there is the capacity to deliver an effective response to oil spills in the marine environment. Nevertheless, there is more to be done, particularly in the areas of planning and exercises.

“An Inevitable Consequence:” Changing Ideas of Prevention in the Wake of Catastrophic Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-438
Author(s):  
TERESA SABOL SPEZIO
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Visual Evidence ◽  
The Face ◽  
Policy Transformation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup ◽  
Spilled Oil

AbstractIn the face of technology failures in preventing oil from reaching beaches and coasts after catastrophic oil spills in the 1960s and early 1970s, the oil industry and governmental officials needed to quickly reconsider their idea of prevention. Initially, prevention meant stopping spilled oil from coating beaches and coasts. Exploring the presentations at three oil-spill conferences in 1969, 1971 and 1973, this idea of prevention changed as the technological optimism of finding effective methods met the realities of oil-spill cleanup. By 1973, prevention meant stopping oil spills before they happened. This rapid policy transformation came about because the oil industry could not hide the visual evidence of the source of their technology failures. In this century, as policymakers confront invisible pollutants such as pesticides and greenhouse gases, considering ways to visually show the source of the pollution along with the effects could quicken policy decisions.

Task Force on Oil Spill Preparedness: A Canadian On-Shore Evaluation

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne O. Wiebe ◽  
Paul Wotherspoon
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Offshore Activities

ABSTRACT The oil industry's ability to effectively contain and clean up oil spills has been questioned over the years, and recent events have heightened this concern. Growing public interest and efforts by the upstream oil industry in Canada to assess its operations resulted in formation of the Task Force on Oil Spill Preparedness. The study was sponsored by the Canadian Petroleum Association and the Independent Petroleum Association of Canada, which represent most companies in the upstream industry. The overall evaluation concentrates on both onshore and offshore activities, but this paper discusses only the onshore segment. In the past 40 years the industry has made substantial efforts to prevent oil spills. As a result, Canada has experienced no catastrophic oil spills in operating about 40,000 producing wells and 37,000 km of oil pipelines. In spite of these efforts, the industry believes there is room for improvement. The study recommends allocating more resources to improving equipment, training on-site personnel, establishing better communications within companies and between companies and regulatory agencies, and continuing research in oil spill countermeasures. These recommendations are being incorporated in the existing framework to improve the response capability of the upstream oil industry.

FIRST AFRICAN OIL SPILL COOPERATIVE: CLEAN NIGERIA ASSOCIATES

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Godwin E. Omene ◽  
E. C. Odogwu ◽  
Tom E. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Competitive Bidding ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
Production Areas

ABSTRACT In November 1981 the petroleum companies operating in Nigeria formed a cooperative with the general purpose of developing an oil industry-sponsored organization for combating oil spills. The organization was named Clean Nigeria Associates (CNA). Individual oil companies operating in Nigeria now have and have had in the past the capability to combat oil spills, but most were unprepared to handle major oil spills. Thus, the main thrust of the cooperative was to develop an equipment stockpile and response capability commensurate with major spill risks. Through competitive bidding, Halliburton Nigeria, Ltd. was selected as the cooperative contractor. Agreements were formally signed in September 1984. Since that time the equipment required by the association was procured by Halliburton and put in place at two locations, Warri and Port Harcourt. These two locations were selected because of their proximity to major production areas. Bases were established at Nigerian Ports Authority facilities which were set aside for oil field operations. Thus, equipment warehouses are in excellent positions to respond to marine spills, and to respond to land spills by road. The equipment stockpile consists of 27,000 ft of booms, 28 skimmers—both for protected waters and offshore, 4,000 bales of sorbents, 26 pumps, 14 boats (ten 15 ft and four 49 ft) and an assortment of vehicles and other support equipment. CNA has a dedicated staff of 38. The staff consists of management, equipment operators, mechanics, boat crews, and support personnel. Since December 1984, training of national personnel on spill response and safety has been a high priority and has continued to this date.

Master Plans, a New Approach for Contingency Planning in the Colombian Oil Industryi

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198
Author(s):  
Darío Miranda ◽  
Ana María Betancur ◽  
Guillermo Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Overall Performance

ABSTRACT Up to a few years ago, contingency planning in the Colombian oil industry treated contingency plans for oil spills, fires and explosions as independent contingency plans. Strategies, operational procedures and equipment were selected for each type of emergency response. This condition reduced overall performance for different types of emergencies and restricted an emergency brigade's responsibility and commitment when facing an emergency. The members of a fire brigade, for example, did not have enough experience to control an oil spill and simply felt that they were not responsible for such work. In 1989, new legislation in Colombia established an approach for emergency response in which local, regional and national committees were created at municipal, departmental and national levels. These committees were responsible for emergency response coordination that depended on the emergency type and size, and on the resources involved. It soon became evident that individual contingency plans should be incorporated into a single comprehensive document. However, there were no guidelines available to provide contingency planners with the tools necessary to develop such integrated plans. The Colombian Petroleum Institute's new approach for designing and structuring Contingency Plans for the Colombian oil industry is presented in this document. New schemes for comprehensive emergency response are discussed, considering strategic, operational and data processing issues. Master Contingency Plans provide Local Contingency Plan developers with suitable tools that will enable them to develop their own plans in a comprehensive way, while coordinating the plans with the Colombian National System for Disaster Prevention and Response considered in Colombian law.

TIER-2 IN EAST ASIA1: CHALLENGES AND ANSWERS

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Alexander Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
International Media ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Tier 3 ◽  
And Training

ABSTRACT On numerous occasions, East Asia has been affected by marine oil spills incidents, originating from tankers and other types of ships. Important spills incidents that involved the IOPC Funds in the last decade (e.g. Nakhodka, Evoikos, Natuna Sea and Solar 1 …) indicate an average occurrence of one spill per year. This figure remains significantly high when considering that some States in the region are still not parties to international compensation regimes. In addition, numerous incidents do not benefit of international media coverage, thus making them often unnoticed. Lower scale incidents (within the range of hundreds of tonnes) occur on a more frequent basis and may appear trivial to respond to. Nevertheless, they represent the same range of difficulties experienced during larger scale incidents (logistics, suitable means to apply dispersants promptly and effectively, availability of temporary storage, lack of plan and training …) In terms of response, the ultimate authority in the coordination of spill response activities is in the hands of Government Agencies. However, the equipment and manpower available belong in various proportions to both Government Agencies and the Oil Industry. The latter operates numerous oil terminals and offshore facilities and is responsible to respond to minor spills defined as Tier 1. In the case of a large spill that exceeds the on-site capability, Tier 3 Cooperatives funded by the vast majority of major companies were created to assist and complement the local response, by offering access to a large range of special supplementary resources and services, such as the Airborne Dispersant Delivery System. Whilst Tiers 1 and 3 are well defined and are respectively synonyms of small and huge oil spill incidents, there is a lack of clarity and consistency in-between, thus making the Tier 2 response difficult to define. This gap that is often underestimated and may result in a preparedness weakness leading to unfortunate consequences. The aim of this paper is to analyse the Tier-2 response requirements and to discuss on the challenges of implementing effective measures in a region where the only imports of crude oil of China have more than doubled in the past five years.

Recent Research on Polymer-Modified Cement Mortar in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Wang ◽  
Xiao Xin Shi ◽  
Pei Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Cement Hydration ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
The Past

Polymer has been widely used in construction in China during the past few years and has become a necessary component of some building materials. The development in concrete-polymer composites (CPC) is going with the economical achievement and practical needs, which focuses on polymer-modified cement mortar (PCM). Therefore, this paper introduces the trends and advances in research on PCM during the past few years in China, especially cement hydration in the presence of polymer, the properties and application of PCM, waste utilization as well as trends of concrete-polymer composites.

scholarly journals Application of Phosphogypsum in Road Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-498
Author(s):  
Ya. N. Kovalev ◽  
V. N. Yaglov ◽  
T. A. Chistova ◽  
V. V. Girinsky
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Irreparable Harm ◽  
The Republic

Abstract. Currently the Republic of Belarus is solving the problem of processing a by-product – phosphogypsum, formed in the process of phosphorric acid production. The issue of utilization of phosphogypsum is becoming more and more relevant, and there are several reasons for this: transportation of phosphogypsum to dumps and its storage require large capital investments and operating costs; when creating phosphogypsum dumps, it is necessary to alienate large areas, sometimes even cultivated land; storage of this material in dumps, even with the neutralization of soluble impurities and with the observance of dump operational rules causes irreparable harm to the environment. There are known studies of scientists on the use of phosphogypsum for road construction as a binder for strengthening soils, foundations and repair work. The paper presents the results of experiments on obtaining road-building materials from this waste without converting it into a binder. Based on the research, a technology for the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures with the use of mineral powder in the form of phosphogypsum dihydrate has been developed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document