Analysis of the Work of Flue Gas Stack of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
B.P. Yur’ev ◽  
V.A. Dudko
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Before And After

The features of the work of flue gas stack in non-ferrous metallurgy serving thermal installations for copper production are considered. On the example of the operation of two flue gas stacks of the copper smelting shop of OJSC SUMZ (Revda), with the help of which converter gases (pipe height 150 m) and suction gases from Vanyukov furnaces (pipe height 120 m) are removed, environmental studies were carried out and their operation was analyzed before and after changing the technology for producing matte at the factory. Recommendations are given on improving the environmental situation at the plant, some of which have been implemented. The results obtained in the work are of certain interest and can be used at other similar enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy associated with the production of copper and using similar thermal units.

Slag Investigations from Bronze Age Copper Smelting Sites

2017 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 608-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Haubner ◽  
Susanne Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Melting Properties

During the Bronze Age intensive mining and smelting activities for copper production took place in the Eastern Alps. To get information about the copper smelting process, the elemental compositions of slags are marked in equilibrium phase diagrams (e.g. FeO-CaO-SiO2) and so the melting properties can be estimated. Doing so you have to keep in mind that slags have complex compositions and phase diagrams are available for three compounds only. For the analytical measurements it has to be ensured that only molten parts of the slag are measured and not contamination of other ambient material. Spot and area measurements by SEM-EDX are useful to get realistic data. In this case a complete correlation between the image of the analyzed area, the microstructure and the chemical composition of the sample is necessary. For marking spots in the phase diagram the calculation method has to be described exactly. For our results we calculated the ratio FeO-SiO2-CaO(+MgO+Al2O3). From the morphology of the observed phases, their chemical composition and the data from the phase diagram a solidification sequence can be suggested. We recommend this method because measurements by e.g. XRF provide rather general composition values. If the slag samples are inhomogeneous, unrealistic melting points are read from the phase diagram. Inhomogeneities can be caused by soil contaminations, which are not part of the molten slag, or by corrosion, when some phases were attacked and changed during storage in soil.

scholarly journals Analysis of air pollution caused by particle matter emission from the copper smelter complex Bor (Serbia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Visa Tasic ◽  
Novica Milosevic ◽  
Renata Kovacevic ◽  
Nevenka Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Limit Values

The main aim of this paper is to present analyses of temporal variations of particulate matter in Bor (Serbia) influenced by copper production at the Copper Smelter Complex Bor. Particulate emissions are of concern because the presence of fine particles (PM2.5 - particles with diametar less than 2.5 ?m) and ultrafine particles (PM0.1 - particles with diametar less than 0.1 ?m) assume higher risk for human health. Such particles can penetrate deeper into respiratory organs and, at the same time, a probability for such penetration and deposition in the respiratory system is greater. The analysis is based on comparison of SO2 and PM measurements at several locations in the area of Bor town in the close vicinity of Copper Smelter. PM concentrations were highly correlated with sulfur dioxide and inversely correlated with local wind speed during pollution episodes. Presented results indicate that the dominant source of coarse and fine particles in Bor town is the Copper Smelting Complex Bor. The most significant factors for particulate matter distribution are meteorological parameters of wind speed and direction. It was found that exceeding of daily limit values of concentrations of PM10 (50 ?g/m3) usually occurs due to very high concentrations in a period of several hours during the day.

Reduction of Pollutant Emissions From Industrial Boilers by Combustion Modification

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Cato ◽  
R. E. Hall ◽  
L. J. Muzio
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Utility Boilers ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Particulate Size ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Industrial Boilers

The use of combustion modification has enabled many utility boilers to meet the emission standards for NOx. Its usefulness in reducing NOx emissions from industrial boilers (ranging from 11 GJ/hr to 528 GJ/hr) has been investigated during a recently completed field test program. The gaseous and particulate emissions from coal, oil, and natural-gas fuels were measured both before and after the combustion modification. Data were taken on particulate size as well as concentration. The principal combustion modification methods that were investigated included reduced excess combustion air, staged combustion air, recirculated flue gas, tuned burners, and reset burner registers. Staging was implemented by the use of overfire air ports or by turning off the fuel to some burners and increasing the fuel to others, thus creating zones of fuel-rich combustion. All of the combustion modification methods were effective to varying degrees in reducing the nitrogen oxides emissions, and reductions of as much as 50 percent were obtained with several of the modifications. In most instances the boiler efficiency was not degraded, although the particulate emissions increased by up to 50 percent in some cases. There was no substantive effect on the other pollutant emissions that were measured.

Improving Semi-Dry Scrubber Performance Through Gas Flow Modeling

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Gorsky ◽  
C. F. Peter Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Flow Modeling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Distribution Testing

Poor flue gas flow distribution in the semi-dry scrubbers used in Waste-to-Energy facilities can cause reduced residence time for lime slurry spray droplet evaporation and subsequent “wet carryover” resulting in solids deposits on the scrubber vessel walls and ductwork and also baghouse bag blinding. In addition to promoting corrosion, the removal of deposits during boiler outages is very labor intensive. This paper identifies how gas flow modeling conducted in conjunction with Nels Consulting Services, Inc. on several different types of scrubbers at Covanta Energy’s Waste-to-Energy facilities resulted in modifications which increased the actual flue gas residence time, considerably reduced the solids deposits (scale) and associated maintenance costs, and in some cases reduced the pressure drop across the scrubbers and baghouses. The data presented includes typical model study velocity distribution data (before and after the modifications), vessel sketches, and photographs. Associated work included in-field scrubber outlet duct temperature and velocity distribution testing. The results of the in-field scrubber outlet temperature distribution testing, done both before and after the scrubber modifications, confirmed the improvements numerically by showing reduced flue gas temperature variation in the scrubber outlet duct.

Ancient Raw Copper from Primary Smelting Sites in Cyprus

2002 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Fasnacht ◽  
J.P. Northover
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Complete History

ABSTRACTFinds of metallic copper from various primary smelting sites in the Sia valley in Cyprus have been analysed by ICP-OES for their composition and by optical and electron microscopy for metallography. Results show a characteristic pattern of impurities for each of the sites examined which allow an assignment to specific types of ore body and geological matrix. Different zones of the Cyprus Ophiolite Complex were exploited in different periods in antiquity, but these results show different types could be exploited contemporaneously within a specific period, especially during the first millennium BC. One location in this area, Agia Varvara-Almyras, an Iron Age copper smelting site with the only complete chain of operation recorded in ancient Cypriote metallurgy, is used to show how analytical work can guide future field surveys to find ancient furnaces, slag heaps and mines. The ultimate goal of the project is to extend it to reconstruct the complete history of copper production in a well-defined mining district over the last 4000 years.

scholarly journals Real-Time Aerosol Measurements in Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Using ELPI+™ and Smooth and Sintered Collection Plates

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiranjib Saha ◽  
Justin H. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Test Unit ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Median Diameter

The aerosols from CO2-depleted flue gas at the National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) Pilot Solvent Test Unit (PSTU) and Slipstream Solvent Test Unit (SSTU) were measured in real-time using a Dekati Electric Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI+™). The coal-fired flue gas is provided by Alabama Power's Gaston Power Plant Unit 5. The utilization of ELPI+™ for aerosol research in postcombustion CO2 capture is very important due to its quick response time with size classification as low as 6 nm under transient conditions observed at the NCCC. Different process changes have been quantified at the PSTU and SSTU by multiple tests using the ELPI+™. The performance of smooth and sintered collection plates during dynamic process changes has been investigated. Between separate tests, upstream at unit 5, a new baghouse was installed. The aerosols measured at SSTU, before and after the baghouse installation, are compared. PSTU measurements demonstrated sample sensitivity to transient intercooler start-up conditions and dilution gas temperatures. During the tests, the typical concentration ranged from 106 to 107 cm−3. The aerosol's counter median diameter (CMD) for the sintered plates are lower (47–60 nm) compared to the normal plates (89–130 nm). The optical images indicate that sintered plates soak up all of the collected aerosols. The aerosol number concentration showed a significant drop after the baghouse installation. These results are promising and will enable the development of process control strategies to mitigate solvent losses and reduce operation and maintenance expenses.

Study of Dual-Alkali on Sintering Flue Gas Desulfurization

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 304-307
Author(s):  
Yu Zhu Zhang ◽  
Ying Xu
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Active Agent ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Selection Principles ◽  
Desulfurization Process

Combining with the characteristics and control methods of sintering flue gas, several common methods for flue gas desulfurization(FGD) and development trend of desulfurization technology were described in this paper. According to characteristics of sintering flue gas and selection principles, dual-alkali method was used in the FGD. Desulfurization process, basic principle and characteristics of the process were studied in detail. By contrast test, the effect of concentration of the desulfurization, flue gas flow and surface active agent on the desulfurization efficiency was investigated in detail through calculating the pH value of the solution before and after desulfurization reaction.

scholarly journals Studies of Soils and Vegetation on Non-ferrous Metallurgy Slag Dumps

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 040-046
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Zolotova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Heavy Pollution

The metallurgical industry is one of the major pollution sources of natural ecosystems. Now the slag dumps of non-ferrous industries occupy huge areas all over the world. The purpose of this literature review was to assess the knowledge degree of the soils and vegetation formed on the non-ferrous metallurgy slag dumps. Most of the research was carried out for the dumps of the copper-smelting (including old dumps) and lead-zinc industries, the dumps of the nickel and aluminum industries have been studied to a lesser extent. The composition of non-ferrous metallurgy slags, the issues of soil pollution with heavy metals, their bioavailability were discussed. The influence of heavy pollution on the biodiversity of pioneer plant communities on the slag dumps of non-ferrous metallurgy and the floristic composition for abandoned copper ore deposits are noted. The experience of Russian scientists in the reclamation of an aluminum sludge dump and Chinese scientists in the reclamation of zinc production slag dumps are considered. The possibility of introducing waste from the copper smelting slag recycling waste into natural ecosystems was discussed. The analysis of literature revealed gaps in knowledge about the gradual formation of the soil and vegetation on man-made landscapes, about the plant biodiversity in conditions of heavy pollution, ways of their adaptation, and the heavy metals accumulation by different plant species.

scholarly journals An innovative method of activating lime waste. Waste – sorbent – product.

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Knaś
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Industrial Installation ◽  
Original Process ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Before And After

The paper presents the production technology of sorbents for flue gas desulphurization with the wet limestone method, produced on the basis of limestone waste. The waste was subjected to comprehensive physicochemical tests and the following were studied: size distribution, chemical composition, morphology and reactivity. The analysed waste was subjected to electromagnetic activation to improve the sorption properties lost in the original process. The effect of the activation process was determined by comparing physicochemical properties of the waste before and after its activation. Based on the experience gained, an industrial installation was designed and manufactured industrial.

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