scholarly journals Critical Review of the Mu'tazilī Theory of the Creation (Ḥudūth)of the Qur’an in Qāḍī Abd al-Jabbār’s Opinion, Regarding Imam Reza's Narrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Seyedy ◽  
Ehsan Kordi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Divine Nature ◽  
Word Attribute ◽  
The Creation

The issue of creation/origin (Ḥudūth) or pre-eternity (Qidam) of the Qur’an was one of the oldest theological debates in Muslim world which has been discussed under the title of the word (Kalām or speech) attribute of God. Qāḍī Abd al-Jabbār, one the most important scholars of the Mu’tazilī school, gives several reasons to prove the origin and creation of the Qur’an. Referring to the hadiths (narrations) of Imam Reza (AS), his arguments lead to the temporal origin and gradual descent of the words and sounds of the Qur'an. However, since this is related to the word of God, the arguments of Abdul Jabbār require temporal origin, composition and change in the Divine nature, according to His Word attribute. For, the attribute could not be separated from the attributed and the sentence of creation or pre-eternity pass to each other, as well. The creation of the Qur’an and confining the Divine word in words and sounds provide you with basic challenges, which may not be accepted easily.

The contribution of Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes to the interplay between Cognitive Linguistics and Pragmatics

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-221
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Fuertes Olivera
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Creation

This article attempts to give a critical review of Javier Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes. At a Crossroads between Pragmatics and Cognition. It evaluates the book in view of the available literature dealing with the trend towards empiricism adopted by Cognitive Linguistics. It also focuses on the main hypothesis put forward, i.e., tropes such as irony, paradox, oxymoron, overstatement, understatement, euphemism, and dysphemism can be considered idealised cognitive models, and discusses the main contributions and arguments of the book, especially his idea that these idealised cognitive models are all constructed around the creation of contrast. A few concerns are also raised, mainly regarding corpus methodology. While these may have a negative impact on the reader, they are not severe enough to discredit the rigour with which the book was conceived.

Interfacing proteins with graphitic nanomaterials: from spontaneous attraction to tailored assemblies

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (19) ◽  
pp. 6916-6953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica De Leo ◽  
Alessandra Magistrato ◽  
Davide Bonifazi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Physical Principles

Thiscritical reviewpresents a detailed overview of the chemico-physical principles ruling the non-covalent association between proteins and fullerene, carbon nanotubes and graphene towards the creation of fascinating and innovative hybrid materials for biotechnological applications.

Anti-Semitism in the Muslim World: A Critical Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Status ◽  
Arab Israeli Conflict ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCurrent debates on anti-Semitism in the Muslim world, or as it is often put, 'in Islam' focus on a number of issues: the status of Jews in Islam with regard to both theory and practice; the impact of the Arab-Israeli conflict over Palestine; the adoption and adaptation of anti-Semitic motifs and stereotypes of European origin in nationalist and Islamist discourses; and the politics of memory and commemoration. Here as elsewhere, contextualization is required if we are to understand the meanings and functions of anti-Semitic attitudes and activities among specific audiences. But contextualization must not be used for apologetic purposes.

scholarly journals NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM ISLAM MELALUI KISAH ADAM AS DAN IBLIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Adam Azmi Syahroni
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Creation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Devil

Adam as is the first prophet and man that God created on this earth. Before Adam was created, Allah SWT had hinted to the angels that he would make Adam the Caliph on this earth. That makes the angels ask questions to each other, especially the Devil who is one of the inhabitants of the sky who hears the word of God. The creation of Adam (as) did not make Satan happy, but he hated so much that he was finally expelled by God from heaven and threatened to tempt Adam and his grandchildren. This article contains the values ​​of character education that can be taken in the story of Adam and Satan, both from the very first time Adam was created until he was revealed to the earth, where all of the events of Adam were not escaped from Satan's observation.

scholarly journals Between Modernity and Post-Modernity

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
Eric Winkel
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
The West ◽  
Critical Essay ◽  
Knee Jerk ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The Creation ◽  
As If

Kazuo Shimogaki 's working paper, number fourteen in the IMESseries, is a critical essay of The Islamic Left, a so-far one-time-onlyprivately produced journal. Three of its five articles are written by HasanHanafi, a professor at Cairo University, and a summary/translation ofHanafi's first and most important article. The essay itself abounds ingrammatical and typographical errors, while the swnmary/translation isdone very well. There is enough evidence that Shimogaki has a sharpmind, and I anticipate eagerly future works.Unfortunately, Shimogaki 's subject matter is not very enlightening,even though many reasons are given for the study of The Islamic Left.Hanafi is located firmly in a reformist tradition with al Afghani and• Abduh. He has all the prejudices of an Egyptian Arab, 1 indulges in endlessanalyses of the "reality" of the Muslim world (with the smug convictionthat his gaze is universal), revels in a knee-jerk hatred of Sufism,2and makes his case for technological boosterism. He also takes forgranted the "backwardness" of the Muslim world, as if the prime accomplishmentof western civilization (which is the creation of nuclearweaponry-what else has engaged the wealth and brain power of theUnited States as much?) was bungled by Islamic civilization.Shimogaki attempts to reform Hanafi in light of postmodernity, buthis own understanding of postmodernity is sketchy (in other words, verypostmodern). Seeing postmodemity teleologically, Shimogaki writes thatHanafi "has not yet reached the newest thought movement in the West, ...

Jihad Poetry in the Age of the Crusades

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К. Хилленбранд
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Religious Literature ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Conventional Form ◽  
Intrinsic Quality ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Seamless Transfer ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The article examines how the pre-Islamic with its pagan tribal character could be transformed into a core component in Arabic Muslim religious literature. Indeed, it proved to be elastic enough to adapt itself to the realities of running a vast Muslim empire. Moreover, this conventional form of medieval Arab panegyric poetry came to be deployed as a political and religious tool in the monumental struggle between Western Christendom and the Muslim world at the time of the Crusades. To the state the obvious, jihad poetry is poetry in the service of religion. Its function mattered more at the time than its intrinsic quality. Jihad poetry was not the creation of Muslim poets as a response to their unprecedented contact with Western Christendom at the time of the Crusades. What we see in the twelfth and thirteenth century jihad poetry is in fact the easy and seamless transfer of earlier invective against Christian Byzantium to a new Christian target, the Crusaders. The Muslim poets who extolled the virtues of Nur al-Din, Saladin and their successors in the jihad do not belong in the pantheon of the greatest names of medieval Arabic poetry. But their verses resonate with the spirit of a period which would change the relationship between Christendom and the Muslim world and would harden the ideological battle lines between them. The jihad poetry gives us insights into the stereotypical way in which the Muslims viewed the Christian «other».

ONTOTHEOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING OF LANGUAGE IN THE WORKS BY J.G. HAMANN

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Aleksei V. Lyzlov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Human Language ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
God's Word ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Language Characteristic ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding of the language in the works by J.G. Hamann is considered as preceding the M. Heidegger’s philosophy of language. However, if Heidegger refuses the theological concepts and thinks the language exclusively in an ontological way, Hamann understands the language not in an ontological, but in an ontotheological way. Hamann’s apprehension of the word as both the ground of all things and the basis of human understanding is discussed. The relationship between the word of God and the word of man; speech as a “translation” of the God’s word, that sounds in the creation, into the human language; the specifics of the language situation after the fall, are discussed as the essential themes of Hamann’s philosophy of language. The historicity of human language and speech and the interrelations between language, creativity and sexuality are posed as important themes of Hamann’s controversy with the contemporary to him philosophy of the Enlightenment contesting the instrumental understanding of language characteristic of the Enlighteners and their understanding of reason as having no external preconditions, a supraindividual and supra-historical instance.

Towards the Creation of Strong Brand Image of Waqf Institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Shafiu Ibrahim Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

Studies have been conducted focusing on the role of trust, integrity, and reputation on the image and reputations of Islamic charities. But, these are not the only challenges faced by contemporary Waqf. While the world outside the Waqf institutions has changed, Awqaf are stuck in centuries-old procedures and management practices. This must change for Awqaf to be up to the challenges of modern world. This work focuses on proposing a mechanism that explains how possible it is for Awqaf to improve their image given their unique features and environment. The process through which Waqf improves its relationship with stakeholders such as donors, beneficiaries, and government is as important as other aspects of Waqf operation that have been traditionally covered by scholars. The methodology followed for conducting this work is mainly literature review and critical analysis of the state of Waqf in the Muslim world. Thus, the work is a deductive analysis in Islamic economics and marketing, borrowing from Islamic and conventional fields of marketing and branding.

scholarly journals Some Barthian perspectives on the present science-religion debate: What is the place of “natural theology” today?

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel W. Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Natural Theology ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Creation Story ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Current Science ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

As an example of the context-relatedness of Barth’s work, this article compares his crisis theology with Heidegger’s philosophy of Being. Further examples are Barth’s reaction to the modernism of his time, with its accent on rationalism (see his critique of Kant), and the influence of subjective theology. In spite of his condemnation of natural theology, Barth could make a unique contribution to the current science-theology debate. His reading of the creation story and the way he views (transcends) the literal text in order to experience the Word of God as an event through that text, is a case in point. This approach, too, is comparable with certain aspects of Heidegger’s work. Barth’s reaction to the natural theology of his day was equally tied to that context. His particular target was the theology of that era which he interpreted as “natural theology”. To Barth, natural theology is metaphor for self-assertive, autonomous human beings who, via reason, manipulate the church, the Word and tradition.

Anselm: Platonism, language and truth in Proslogion

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-397
Author(s):  
Sigurd Baark
Keyword(s):  
Word Of God ◽  
The Creation ◽  
True Knowledge ◽  
Final Answer ◽  
Linguistic Reality ◽  
Name Of God ◽  
Will Of God

AbstractWhen the Proslogion is read from within the context of Anselm's De Veritate it seems that Anselm's project is firmly based on theological premises. Anselm works with a two-fold conception of truth. Truth is first of all a quality inherent in the statement itself. It is the correctness (rectitudo) of the statement. Second, truth is the correspondence with the extra-linguistic reality. This second level of truth is accidental to the statement. What provides the link between extra-linguistic reality and the statement is the Word of God, which is the level of true reference, where original statements correspond to the original will of God in the creation. When Plato asks what true knowledge is in the Theatetus, the final answer seems to be that what is needed is a statement which carries its own truth as a certainty of Being and Unity within itself. However, no such statement is presented in the dialogue. The name of God in the Proslogion is such a statement which carries its own truth as a certainty of Being and Unity within itself, in that on the first level of truth (rectituto) it is impossible to deny. As the statement concerns the Being of God and cannot be denied it necessarily overflows into the second level of truth which is correspondence with extra-linguistic reality. Therefore, this article argues that Anselm develops a statement which fulfils the criterion of true knowledge presented in the Theatetus. He manages to do this from the position of faith, which includes a strict theological rationality.

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