The contribution of Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes to the interplay between Cognitive Linguistics and Pragmatics

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-221
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Fuertes Olivera
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Creation

This article attempts to give a critical review of Javier Herrero Ruiz’s Understanding Tropes. At a Crossroads between Pragmatics and Cognition. It evaluates the book in view of the available literature dealing with the trend towards empiricism adopted by Cognitive Linguistics. It also focuses on the main hypothesis put forward, i.e., tropes such as irony, paradox, oxymoron, overstatement, understatement, euphemism, and dysphemism can be considered idealised cognitive models, and discusses the main contributions and arguments of the book, especially his idea that these idealised cognitive models are all constructed around the creation of contrast. A few concerns are also raised, mainly regarding corpus methodology. While these may have a negative impact on the reader, they are not severe enough to discredit the rigour with which the book was conceived.

THE CONCEPT OF COMPETITIVE VALUE CHAINS IN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AS AN INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OPERATING ON NETWORK PRINCIPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Niyaz Mustjakimovich Abdikeev ◽  
Anton Alekseevich Losev ◽  
Andrey Ivanovich Gaydamaka
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Software Product ◽  
The Creation

The Concept of competitive value chains in production systems, as an institutional structure operating on network principles, was the impetus for the development of a system of models of inter-industry digital platform for the management and optimization of cooperation of high-tech network production systems. The article describes the ways of integration into business processes of production systems of simulation and cognitive models. The practical implementation of the system of these models is a separate software product - an interdisciplinary digital platform for participants in the creation of new high-tech products and their components.

scholarly journals O SENSO COMUM DE INFORMAÇÃO: QUESTÕES OPORTUNAS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Marcos Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Semantic Frames ◽  
Concept Of Information

Problematizamos o conceito de informação, sob a perspectiva da Linguística Sociocognitiva, em especial da teoria da metáfora conceptual e da teoria dos frames semânticos, a fim de verificar se a terminologia predominante da Ciência da Informação (CI) é próxima do “senso comum”, como querem alguns autores da área. De fato, pudemos descrever o esquema cognitivo em que o conceito de informação é produtivo. Identificamos um componente da metáfora do canal, a metáfora INFORMAÇÃO É CONTEÚDO, capaz de confirmar a suspeita dos epistemólogos da CI e ir além: ela revela uma maneira mecânica de “falar sobre comunicação” que é de um “senso comum” desde há muitos séculos. Qual “senso comum”? Argumentando que a metáfora INFORMAÇÃO É CONTEÚDO faz mais sentido no contexto da comunicação escrita do que na falada, sugerimos uma revisão crítica dos efeitos que o letramento em massa aos seis anos poderia estar provocando na mentalidade ocidental: ao valorizar a escrita, tecnologia fundamental para a sustentabilidade das “sociedades da informação”, estaremos negligenciando a oralidade e, em consequência, negando nossa humanidade? THE COMMONSENSE OF INFORMATION: TEMPESTIVE QUESTIONSAbstractWe problematize the concept of information, from the perspective of socio-cognitive linguistics, especially that from the conceptual metaphor and semantic frames theories, in order to check whether the prevailing terminology of the Information Science (IS) is close to the “commonsense”, as some authors whish. In fact, we describe a cognitive scheme in which the concept of information is productive. A component of the conduit metaphor, INFORMATION IS CONTENT, seems to confirm the suspicion of IS epistemologists and more: it reveals a mechanical way to “speek about communication” that is a “commonsense” for centuries. Which “commonsense”? Arguing that the metaphor INFORMATION IS CONTENT makes more sense in the context of written language than in spoken one, we suggest a critical review of the effects that mass literacy at age six could be causing in Western mind: giving prestige to the writing language, a key technology for the sustainability of “information societies”, are we neglecting orality and therefore denying our humanity?

scholarly journals Adchocratic approach to management in the higher education system: Case of the Astrakhan State University

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-202
Author(s):  
Inna N. Akhunzhanova ◽  
◽  
Aleksander P. Lunev ◽  
Yulia N. Tomashevskaya ◽  
Aleksander V. Koshkarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Learning System ◽  
State University ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Institutional Efficiency

Currently, state institutions of higher education are under pressure from business, the population and the state, which leads to the creation of conditions for dynamic changes in the internal environment of universities. This contradiction between the internal and external environment of universities in the conditions of dynamically changing markets at the post-industrial stage has a negative impact on institutional efficiency, and in these conditions, with the acceleration of instability, a third managerial structure begins to appear that can satisfy the demand for innovations organizations to hybrid universities, which combine a professional, administrative bureaucracy and adhocracy, with no severe restrictions in its structure. In this regard, the authors adapted the features of adhocratic organizations to the conditions of higher education, considered the possibility of applying an adhocratic approach to building the structure and design of an organization on the example of the Astrakhan State University, and identified a number of factors that limit the spread of adhocracy in Russian universities. The main results of the study and the following conclusions were obtained: the organization of training should be carried out on the principles of teamwork for the implementation of complex innovative projects, for which it is necessary to create and develop an appropriate facilities and resources; socialization is one of the key practical models for preparing students in the context of project-based learning and an adhocratic approach; any adhocratic system is a self-learning system, the formation of which requires the creation of appropriate conditions for training and development of university staff; the transition from a professional university to an adhocratic one must be carried out gradually, combining both forms of bureaucracy and adhocracy.

scholarly journals Metaforikus névadás

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Katalin Reszegi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Creation

The paper discusses the cognitive mechanics of metaphorical name-giving with a focus on place names, following an overview of cognitive metaphor theory and the questions of metaphorically used proper nouns. In cognitive linguistics, the use of metaphors is a cognitive mechanism that plays a fundamental role in human thought and understanding, and the creation of our social, cultural and psychological reality. A particular form of this also manifests in name-giving, creating a small but influential category of names. The category of place names also influences the application of this name-giving method: it is generally used in more informal names and name types. The creation of such a name requires the speaker to detach themselves from the conventional norms of direct descriptionand metonymic name-giving, and relies on their lingual creativity and ability to detach themselves from dominant name-giving models. However, names in the category can also be divided into subcategories. Beyond the typical common-noun-based metaphorical name-giving, more complex parallels can also be found, resulting in the associations connecting the names of several nearby locations. Place names can also serve as the base of metaphorical name-giving, supporting the complex meaning of these names. Despite the fact that the majority of metaphorical names are available from contemporary data collection, it is obviously a long-standing and ancient method of name-giving, as it is based on a cognitive mechanics that seem to be as old as humanity itself.

TRANSFORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Natalya G. Zhavoronkova ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav B. Agafonov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Environmental Technologies

The article is devoted to identifying current trends in the transformation of environmental law due to the global, supranational nature of existing challenges and threats. The conse-quences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest oil and oil products spill in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and other negative events that occurred in 2020 showed the awareness of the globalization and vulnerability of the world, as well as the reality and inevitability of the coming environmental crises, risks and transformations. Despite the progressiveness and technological sophistication of Russian environmental law, the tightening of legal norms in the field of nature management, the reform of control and oversight activities, and the creation of special state management bodies in the field of environmental protection have failed to fully stop the deterioration of the natural environment and prevent environmental catastrophe. Climatic, land, water, biosphere, genomic and other parameters of human survival require a change in the very paradigm of environmental law, implementation of a new modern envi-ronmental policy, development of environmental regulations taking into account the best existing technologies, transition from the concept of "regulating the negative impact" of eco-nomic activity on the environment to a new concept of receiving "technological benefits from the use of environmental technologies". According to the authors, the transformation of environmental law is part of the natural process of its globalisation, "technologisation", and the creation of prerequisites for the transition to a full-fledged ecological economy of sustainable development.

СИСТЕМНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВОДООБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТИ ОБЪЕКТОВ МЕЛИОРАТИВНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

2020 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
V.B. Zhezmer
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Arid Regions

Водообеспеченность объектов мелиоративного комплекса имеет решающее значение при обеспечении высоких и устойчивых урожаев сельскохозяйственных культур в аридных регионах страны. В статье рассмотрены способы устранения негативного влияния основных факторов, способствующих созданию дефицита воды для орошения. Проведен анализ схемы, в которой целью мероприятий является эффективное вложение средств при восстановлении элементов гидромелиоративных систем и обеспечение рационализации водопользования. Установлено, что алгоритмы и конечные выводы, подученные в ходе анализа, могут различаться в зависимости от поставленных задач и объема информации.Water availability of the reclamation complex facilities is crucial in ensuring high and sustainable crop yields in the arid regions of the country. The article discusses ways to eliminate the negative impact of the main factors contributing to the creation of a shortage of water for irrigation. The analysis of the scheme in which the purpose of the measures is an effective investment in the restoration of elements of irrigation and drainage systems and ensuring the rationalization of water use is carried out. It is established that the algorithms and final conclusions obtained during the analysis may vary depending on the tasks and the amount of information.

Technical Note

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Schimmelpfennig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Additional Support

In 1898, two railways serving the south-east of England agreed to be managed by a joint committee. This paper finds clear statistical evidence of the negative impact this had on total economic costs, including opportunity costs of capital, as well as working expenditure. Thus, additional support was provided for the then British railway policy already strongly suspicious of railway mergers on competition grounds. At the same time the findings could reopen the discussion on the wisdom of today’s British rail privatisation philosophy. In particular, one could argue that, instead of separating infrastructure and train operations, the creation of vertically-integrated regional duopolies along the pre-1899 networks might lead to genuine competition, require less regulation, reduce costs, and thus increase economic surplus.

A Buddhist Response to Ancient-style Learning: Qisong's Conception of Political Order

T oung Pao ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 97 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Skonicki
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Song Dynasty ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Song Dynasty ◽  
The Creation

AbstractThis article focuses on the political thought of the Song-dynasty Chan monk Qisong (1007-1072). In opposition to earlier studies, which have tended to view Qisong's political theorizing simply as an offshoot of his philosophical syncretism, it is contended here that his political arguments played an important role in his refutation of the Ancient-style Learning movement's attacks against Buddhism. As is well known, several Song-dynasty proponents of Ancient-style Learning impugned Buddhism for the negative impact it exerted on Chinese social and political culture. Qisong responded to their attacks by crafting a comprehensive political theory, which sought to demonstrate not only that Ancient-style Learning thinkers had misunderstood the dao and proper governance, but also that Buddhist institutions were indispensable to the creation of political order.

Interfacing proteins with graphitic nanomaterials: from spontaneous attraction to tailored assemblies

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (19) ◽  
pp. 6916-6953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica De Leo ◽  
Alessandra Magistrato ◽  
Davide Bonifazi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Physical Principles

Thiscritical reviewpresents a detailed overview of the chemico-physical principles ruling the non-covalent association between proteins and fullerene, carbon nanotubes and graphene towards the creation of fascinating and innovative hybrid materials for biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals METAPHOR AND HUMOR THEORIES REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (69) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
E.V. Cherkasova ◽  
◽  
N.E. Petrova ◽  
Yu.I. Yefremova ◽  
O.V. Petryanina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Cognitive Approaches ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

Subject of the article is cognitive models of metaphor and humor and their consideration in light of some existing theoretical approaches. The main subject is an overview of cognitive approaches to the study of metaphor and humor. The aim of the work is to try to consider and analyze some theoretical approaches to the study of metaphor and humor, to reveal their common characteristics. The methodological basis is the work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of cognitive linguistics. The basic method is a descriptive analysis, generalization and comparison method. Results include an overview and analysis of some of the cognitive approaches to the study of metaphor and humor. and may serve as a further solution of the problem of the co-functioning of these cognitive models and the creation of a joint category of "metaphorical humor”. Scope of Results ". may be the development of special courses on cultural linguistics, language theory, stylistics. Output. Some theoretical approaches to the study of metaphor and humor are outlined. Complexity and versatility of both metaphor and humor, frequent use of them in any sphere of human communication cause, large variety of existing theories and numerous studies regarding the nature of their origin and role from the point of view of the sociocultural aspect of human activity. The combined approach of the above theories can be used in the analysis of the description of cognitive processes explaining the potential functioning of metaphor and humor in one expression

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document