The Evolution of Green Shipping Practices Adoption in the International Maritime Industry

Seaborne trade exhibits a continual expansion with technological advancement, reportedly 10.7 billion tons in 2017, with a 3.8% growth annually. It is forecast to double in the next two decades (UNCTAD, 2018). The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is persistently heading to stricter regulatory amendments to steer shipping towards a greener and more sustainable future. Therefore, green shipping has drawn enormous interest from both academia and researchers. This paper summarizes a comprehensive bibliometric analysis aiming to understand the development of research trends in this area and suggest future research. Most of the research is focused on air pollution, practical operation or technical measures, recycling for GSP in the shipping sector. The theoretical approach to GSP and its concept is yet to be crystalline for the marine industry. According to existing research, further study is required to establish a GSP construct and propose pollution abatement technical solutions with a comprehensive evaluating tool. Besides, scholars from different territories may collaboratively suggest setting up standards and legislation of GSP for the life cycle of the ship to achieve an ever-sustainable maritime transport industry worldwide.

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Naval Hybrid Power Take-Off and Power Take-In – Lessons Learnt and Future Advances

10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.062 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

M Benatmane ◽

B Salter

Keyword(s):

Electrical Power ◽

Maritime Industry ◽

Propulsion Systems ◽

Systems Architecture ◽

Hybrid Propulsion ◽

Leading Role ◽

Lessons Learnt ◽

Marine Industry ◽

Operational Systems ◽

Great Pressure

With the ever tightening of budgets and legislation, new vessel builds are facing tough times. The future maritime industry requires more efficient vessels to minimise ship operational costs with cleaner technologies that meet stringent environment regulations, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon emissions. Emissions reduction continues to be high on the agenda for the marine industry, it is responsible for about 2.5 percent of global greenhouse emissions1 and is under great pressure to reduce its environmental impact. With pressure comes the opportunity to incentivize innovation, developments and implementation of energy efficient measures, both design and operational. Naval propulsion systems are no different from other industries, and the industry is exploring ways to optimise propulsion and electrical power generation systems architecture for better performance and efficiency. Electric technology plays a leading role. The paper will: Provide a brief overview about the hybrid propulsion concept, with key electrical, mechanical qualities and issues. Describe different designs configurations and performances of hybrid propulsion systems from demonstrated and operational systems in the commercial and naval world. Cover the lessons learnt in technologies and controls used on such systems. Examine future architectures including energy storage and explore the benefits and the flexibility these can bringto the hybrid propulsion sphere.

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Contemporary Employee Recruitment Practices and Areas of Future Research in Indian Railways

Think India ◽

10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8878 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 745-763

Author(s):

Akhila Rao ◽

Shailashri V. T ◽

Molly Sanjay Chaudhuri ◽

Kondru Sudheer Kumar

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Manpower Planning ◽

Future Research ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Employee Recruitment ◽

Recruitment Practices ◽

Modern Business ◽

The Government ◽

Recruitment And Selection

The modern business milieu is highly competitive due to vast technological advancement which makes employees a vital source of competitive advantage. Precisely, the recruitment process has become a key determinant of an organization’s success and a logistic capital resource to the human resource; thus, the process should be entirely modern. A conventional recruitment and selection process comprises of job analysis, manpower planning, and recruitment and selection. The current study seeks to explore employee recruitment practices and proposes areas of future research in Indian Railways using secondary data. It also gives recommendations on how to improve the recruitment practices in the government-owned Indian Railways. The trends investigated in the study include the applicant tracking software (ATS), use of video resumes, Chatbots, the utilization of social networks, and increased focus on passive candidates.

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Opportunities for academic smart libraries in the Caribbean

Library Hi Tech News ◽

10.1108/lhtn-06-2021-0035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Adrian St. Patrick Duncan

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Academic Libraries ◽

Information Access ◽

The Body ◽

Caribbean Region ◽

Future Research ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Content Type ◽

Services Delivery ◽

The Caribbean

Purpose The purpose of this paper hinged on the concept of smart libraries and their development for the furtherance of information access, dissemination and information resources and services delivery in Caribbean libraries. Design/methodology/approach To conduct this research, the literature of smart libraries and technologically driven and their application in libraries were reviewed by examining existing literature on information and communication technologies and technology in libraries. Findings The literature highlighted that this technological advancement is not yet fully on stream in academic libraries of the Caribbean owing to the lack of financial, technological and organizational resources. It further outlined that certain aspects of library automation are fostered through the inclusion of technology. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is that only academic libraries of the Caribbean region were assessed. Other regions should be explored in future research. Originality/value The concept of smart libraries is an emerging issue with limited scope for scrutiny; a systematic and extensive review of recent research on smart in libraries is unavailable. This paper presents an overview of smart libraries or technologically driven libraries, its findings for potential research opportunities and development for academic libraries. In addition, it will build on the body of knowledge that is presently non-existent on smart libraries in the Caribbean.

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The Use of E-Tools to Engage Citizens in Urban Green Infrastructure Governance: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10103513 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 3513 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maja Steen Møller ◽

Anton Stahl Olafsson

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Green Infrastructure ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Future Research ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Urban Green ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Urban Green Infrastructure ◽

Technical Solutions

In the unfolding reality of advanced internet-based communication tools, the possibilities and implications for citizens’ e-engagement is revealing. The paper introduces different examples of e-tools used in participatory urban green infrastructure governance. E-tools here includes various location-based service apps, and volunteered geographic information stemming from social media activities, as well as public participation geographic information system approaches. Through an analytical framework describing five categories, we discuss the different scopes and possibilities, as well as general barriers and problems to participatory e-tools. We suggest some basic premises for the application of e-tools in urban green infrastructure governance and discussed future development of this field. E-tools can allow interaction between citizens, public authorities, and other stakeholders; however, research on the implications of such location-based governance is needed to make full use of the rapid on-going development of such information and communication technologies, and to avoid possible pitfalls. We suggest that future research into this area of environmental–social–technical solutions should test, discuss, and develop frameworks and standards, for the use of different e-tools in combination with offline approaches.

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Adoption of agile methodology for improving IT project performance

Serbian Journal of Management ◽

10.5937/sjm16-26854 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 301-320

Author(s):

Rajan Roshan ◽

Ambujakumari Santhosh

Keyword(s):

Work Performance ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Research Work ◽

Project Performance ◽

Future Research ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Agile Methodology ◽

It Project ◽

It Project Performance

Most of the IT organizations are facing various challenges such as technological advancement, new customer requirements, merger & acquisition, and changing market demands, which should be addressed to survive in the industry. For enhancing more value to the customer in the project, the best option is to choose Agile Methodology for managing the project, which helps to accommodate the ad-hoc business requirement than pre-planned. Though, most of the organization, especially in the IT industry is shifting to Agile methodology practice, which helps to enjoy the benefit of better collaboration and customer experience. The study was conducted among 404 IT professionals from the IT corridors of India to understand the influence of Agile methodology on IT project performance. Most responses received from people who have sound experience in IT project management which assures the quality of results obtained. From study, it has been found that Agile methodology (b= 0.630, p<0.00) has a significant and positive impact on the project performance. Also, the study proves that people who are working in Scrum framework (Agile methodology) improves the project quality as well as business value. Based on Stepwise regression results, Product ownership has higher degree of importance than other independent variable for the individual work performance which solidifies the requirement for software development. Multicollinearity Assessment shows Product Ownership and Development Practice have more impact on project performance than Team considered for the study. Previous studies didn't cover the aspect as well as areas proposed in this study to arrive the conclusion of Scrum framework for project performance, and it opens the pathway for future research work.

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Criminalisation of seafarers - A New Zealand perspective

10.26686/wgtn.17012627.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Miranda Grange

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

New Zealand ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Employee Rights ◽

Maritime Security ◽

Maritime Transport ◽

Maritime Industry ◽

International Transport ◽

Transport Workers ◽

International Obligations

<p>Participants and observers of the maritime industry have been claiming a trend internationally towards criminalising the actions of seafarers in modern years. This trend has been apparent since the mid-20th century and has many vocal industry participants declaring that it is disturbing and negatively impacts the maritime industry as a whole, particularly when the blame of large-scale pollution events are placed on seafarers themselves. The International Transport Workers’ Federation (“ITWF”) highlights these industry concerns:¹ "In the modern maritime industry, reduced crews are expected to affect fast turnarounds and take ever greater responsibility for maritime security and pollution prevention. On the one hand they are subject to pressure from the company to remain economically competitive at all costs. On the other hand they face the threat of heavy-handed sanctions by States eager to find scapegoats for politically sensitive cases involving environmental damage." This paper looks at international discourse on this trend and examines whether it is reflected in New Zealand (“NZ”) by focusing on the statutory reality of the increasing criminalisation thesis. This maritime industry is largely regulated by the Maritime Transport Act 1994 (“MTA”). However, as with all jurisdictions, maritime specific laws do not exist in a vacuum. The MTA operates alongside maritime rules; the Crimes Act 1961; the Resource Management Act 1991 (“RMA”); anti-terrorism measures; health and safety legislation; employee rights; human rights; and international obligations. This research paper analyses the NZ dimension in the context of this international discussion. This paper has four main aims: 1) To isolate the areas where industry participants believe there is a trend towards greater criminalisation; 2) To analyse legislative and policy developments in NZ, focusing on the MTA and earlier legislation; 3) Determine whether NZ is following the international trend towards increased criminalisation of seafarers; and 4) Highlight infamous cases giving rise to liability in this area and hypothetically applies them to the NZ context. The bulk of this paper focuses on the second aim above: Part IV identifies five areas of criminal responsibility. Every maritime offence and crime in NZ legislation has been examined.² Part V is a forecasting exercise where I apply the facts of four international cases into the NZ framework and examine a ‘worse case’ scenario. This paper focuses on offences applicable only to seafarers (including masters) of merchant ships, in the course of their professional duties. There are sundry offences in NZ law which apply to “every person” but this paper only examines these in the context of seafarers’ professional duties. For example, offences under the recent legislation to combat piracy and terrorism through policing and border control – Maritime Crimes Act 1999 and Maritime Security Act 2004 – are outside the scope of this paper though both Acts are important pieces of legislation for NZ international obligations.³ I do not examine offences relating to harbour-masters; owners or employers of seafarers; warships or defence force members; port operators or facilities; pleasure craft; fishing boats; search and rescue operators; wrecks; nor marine structures and operations.⁴ Further, the paper does not look at the civil penalties for the same activities as examined in the criminal context, liability under the Maritime Insurance Act 1908, or the delegated authority of Maritime New Zealand (“MNZ”).⁵ This scope has been chosen due to the parallel international discussion and concerns with this subject. ¹ International Transport Workers’ Federation “Out of sight, out of mind: Seafarers, Fishers and Human Rights” June 2006 at 29. Challengers assert is that the “criminalisation of accidental pollution may discourage feedback regarding incidents, failures, and even accidents and so inhibit their prevention” as well as the increasingly employment costs that such criminal sanctions trigger: see Kyriaki Mitroussi “Employment of seafarers in the EU context: Challenges and opportunities” (2008) 32 Marine Policy at 1047. ² For ease of discussion, Part IV divides these areas into (1) health and safety offences (including pollution and hazardous cargo situations); (2) emergency situations, collisions or accidents; (3) employment rights and obligations; (4) financial and regulatory responsibilities; and (5) obligations involving the administration of justice. ³ See International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1184 UNTS 1185 (opened for signature 1 November 1974, entered into force 25 May 1980). ⁴ See sections 31(4) and 71(1) of the Maritime Transport Act 1994 [hereinafter referred to as the “MTA”]; Maritime New Zealand v Page [2013] DCR 102; and Sellers v Maritime Safety (5 November 1998) CA104/98. ⁵ See Part 25 of the MTA.</p>

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Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions for Industry 4.0

Research Anthology on Cross-Industry Challenges of Industry 4.0 ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8548-1.ch001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Hee Song Ng

Keyword(s):

Multinational Corporations ◽

Industry 4.0 ◽

Capital Investment ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Current Trend ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Future Research ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Local Companies

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is the fourth industrial revolution sweeping through the world of manufacturing. This revolution integrates the current trend of intelligent automation with internet of things (IoT), big data, and artificial intelligence to bring about extraordinary technological innovation, economic growth, and tremendous progress to organizations of all shapes and sizes, on a magnitude beyond the current imagination. The disruptive technologies introduced by I4.0 represent a leap forward from more traditional automation to next generation industrial production based on fully web-based cyber-physical systems (CPS)s. To full understand the I4.0 concept and implementation, this chapter makes an in-depth analysis on the issues and controversies of I4.0, recent technological advancement, management and organizational concerns in terms of opportunities and threats, capital investment and skillsets, cybersecurity threat, ethics consideration, current challenges facing organizations and industry in terms of geopolitical domination, economic and social disenfranchisement, job destruction and job creation, the roles of multinational corporations, lack of technologies capabilities, lack of skillset, and skill mismatches. This chapter also makes suggestions for solutions and recommendations in terms of the role of government and incentives and grants; assessment tools; collaboration; the development of local companies and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); upskilling, reskilling, and lifelong learning; education; universities and students; skilled graduates; and future research and directions.

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Technological Advancement and the Economic Benefit of Indonesian Rain-Fed Farming Development

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2019/9689037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

A. A. Sulaiman ◽

A. Candradijaya ◽

M. Syakir

Keyword(s):

Food Production ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Future Research ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Technological Advancement ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Cultivation Techniques

The contribution of rain-fed farming to national food production in Indonesia has yet to be optimal. The major constraint has been limited water supply, where it relies exclusively on the rainfall, and hence its planting index (PI) is still low, on average only 1.05. The establishment of water management system to support rain-fed fields with the introduction of suitable cultivation techniques (gogo rancah, walik jerami, super jarwo, and ratoon paddy) is known to be effective in rain-fed farming. Further, the use of drought-tolerant paddy variety and changing cropping pattern to focus on paddy, maize, and soybean would potentially improve the food production capacity in Indonesia. This study has shown these interventions, when applied to the existing 4 million ha rain-fed fields, are estimated to increase annual rice production by 16.7 million tons. The production of maize and soybean is also expected to increase by 3.7 million tons and 0.98 million tons per year, respectively. It is beyond the scope of this study, however, to consider the actual benefit felt by rain-fed smallholder farmers. Future research with farmers as its focus and the capacity of Indonesian institutions toward rain-fed farming thus will contribute further to the rain-fed farming development in Indonesia. This article shares a strategy in maximising the contribution of the currently available 4 million hectares of rain-fed land to the national food production, and hence sustainable food self-sufficiency in Indonesia.

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Trust in Virtual Communities

Information Security and Ethics ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-937-3.ch165 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 2500-2504

Author(s):

Eun G. Park

Keyword(s):

Virtual Communities ◽

Virtual Community ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Future Research ◽

Trust Building ◽

Web Based ◽

Trust Establishment ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

Definition Of ◽

Technical Solutions

Trust is one of the key factors that emerged as a significant concept in virtual communities. Trust is so complicated that it is hard to define in one standardized way. Trust issues have evolved into two major ways in the fields of virtual community and security. Among a huge literature concerning trust in virtual communities, a majority of literature addresses technical solutions on trust-building by providing new Web-based applications. They range from human users authorization, semantic Web, agent technologies and access control of network to W3C standardization for content trust and security. Some examples include AT&T’s Policymaker or IBM’s Trust Establishment Module (Blaze, Feigenbaum, & Lacy, 1996; Herzberg, 2000). Only a minority deals with understanding the concept of trust and sources of trust-building from social and cultural aspects. It appears to miss the essence of trust in virtual communities, although an integrated approach is needed for building trust in communication and the use of virtual communities. This article aims to present the definition of trust and relevant concepts for recognizing sources of trust-building in virtual communities. This article also presents future research implications for further development on trust and trust-building in virtual communities.

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