scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Drug Resistance in a High Tuberculosis Incidence Area from the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noormohamad Mansoori ◽  
Masoumeh Douraghi ◽  
Ali Akbar Rajabloo ◽  
Masoomeh Taziki ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
First Line ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Golestan Province

Purpose: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Golestan province of Iran has been ranked 10th among countries of World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region. The province is residence of ethnically heterogeneous groups. However, there are limited data on Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in this province. The main aim of this study was to determine the resistance profile of M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates to first-line anti-TB drugs. Methods: The clinical specimens were collected from 11807 cases diagnosed during this study. MTBC isolates were tested for susceptibility to first-line anti-TB drugs. Results: A total of 176 new cases were diagnosed as culture positive for MTBC. There was one case that had multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolate and 18 (10.2%) had isolates that were resistant to at least one drug (any drug resistant). Resistance to streptomycin and isoniazid was noted in 15 (8.5%) and 5 isolates (2.8%), respectively. Also, a statistically significant association was observed between age groups and any drug resistance pattern (p = 0.022): 1-24 years vs. 25-45 years (p = 0.033), 25-45 years vs. >65 years (p = 0.010), 46-65 years vs. >65 years (p = 0.050). One third of any drug resistant isolates were obtained from TB patients of Persian ethnic group. Conclusion: Despite the high incidence of TB, the rate of MDR-TB in Golestan province was similar to those reported by WHO for Iranian new cases from other regions. One-tenth of the studied isolates showed any drug resistance pattern. This rate of any drug resistance implies the possibility of initial resistance of MTBC isolates circulating in this region.

scholarly journals First Line Anti-Tubercular Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated From Specialized Hospitals of Dhaka City

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mohiuddin ◽  
J Ashraful Haq
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
High Level

The present study was undertaken to determine the drug resistance pattern of M. tuberculosis isolated from 225 pulmonary and 45 extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. The samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen (L-J) media for isolation of M. tuberculosis. Drug resistance to first line anti tubercular drugsnamely isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (ETH) and streptomycin (SM) were determined by indirect proportion method. The overall drug resistance of M. tuberculosis was 53.6% to any of the first line anti tubercular drugs. Rate of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among the untreated cases was 4.2%, while it was 36.0% in previously treated cases. It was found that 83.3% rifampicin resistant M. tuberculosis was cross resistant to one or more of other first line anti-tubercular drugs, while cross resistance of INH, ETH and SM resistant isolates was much low. The present study revealed that high level of drug resistance exists to individual anti tubercular drugs and MDR-TB is an emerging problem, particularly in treated cases. Rifampicin resistance could be used as a surrogate marker for drug resistance to other first line anti tubercular drugs.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2014; 8(2): 41-46

scholarly journals Antimalarial drug resistance in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Abdel Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antimalarial Drug Resistance ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Studies done between 1997 and 2003 are reviewed to give an overall picture of antimalarial drug resistance in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization [WHO]. The situation in 8 countries where resistance has been reported is detailed. It has been difficult to abandon chloroquine as first-line treatment even though resistance to it is widespread. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has also been detected. The spread of resistance could be slowed down by the adoption of effective national policies and control programmes. Coordination between counties and with other WHO regions, as opposed to working in isolation, could further reduce the spread of resistance.

scholarly journals SURVEILLANCE OF ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUG RESISTANCE

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (142) ◽  
pp. 311-313
Author(s):  
G GC ◽  
Basista Rijal ◽  
A P Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern

Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death in Nepal. Failure in early detection anddrug resistance are two most important problems in treatment and cure of thetuberculosis. The objective of the study was to assess the drug resistance pattern inMycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Tribhuvan University teaching Hospital. Morethan 85% of isolates were sensitive to all the four drugs and 5.5% of isolates weremultidrug resistant. The drug resistant isolates were obtained more frequently frompreviously treated patients. More extensive studies should be carried out by independentorganizations to collect more representative data on drug resistance tuberculosis.Key Words: Tuberculosis, drug resistance and surveillance.

scholarly journals A secondary data analysis of qualitative study of individualized treatment regimen for North Indians living with human immunodeficiency virus-1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushanta Kumar Barik ◽  
Avi Kumar Bansal ◽  
Ashwini Yadav ◽  
Srikanth Prasad Tripathy ◽  
Tej Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Point Data ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background A correlation between the CD4 counts and viral loads of HIV-1 infected North Indian patients with first line ART was reported. The follow up of fifty-seven patients were conducted after a confirmation genotypic test. The secondary data analysis was done on the data available to observe the correlation between the CD4 counts and viral loads (markers of clinical outcome) of HIV-1 Subtype C infected North Indian patients. Methods After analysis of the drug resistance mutations in individual patients through the drug resistance database, Stanford University, the data of resistance associated drugs, CD4 counts, viral load of individuals were compiled and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS Version 22. Normality of data was checked by Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05). Results Starting and study end point data on CD4 count, viral load and drug resistance pattern associated with multiple first line ART was available for 24 North Indian patients. Starting and study end point data on CD4 count and drug resistance pattern associated with multiple first line ART was available for 33 North Indian patients. Conclusion Our findings are categorically indicative that policy recommendation to provide tailor-made individualized regimen based on molecular drug resistance testing to HIV patients under AIDS control program requires robust evidence before implementation.

scholarly journals Drug resistance pattern of M. tuberculosis in category II treatment failure pulmonary tuberculosis patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
Sadia Sharmin ◽  
Md Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin Miah
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Proportion Method

This study was designed to determine the extent of drug resistance of M. tuberculosis (MTB) isolated from category II treatment failure pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. A total of 100 Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N) smear positive category II failure PTB patients were included in this study. Sputum culture was done in Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media. Conventional proportion method on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) media was used to determine the drug susceptibility of M. tuberculosis to isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ofloxacin (OFX) and kanamycin (KA). Out of 100 sputum  samples, a total of 87 samples were positive by culture. Drug susceptibility test (DST) revealed that 82 (94.25%) isolates were resistant to one or more anti -TB drugs. Resistance to isoniazide (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ofloxacin (OFX) and kanamycin (KA) was 94.25%, 82.75%, 29.90% and 3.45% respectively. Among these isolates, 79.31% and 3.45% isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extended drug resistant (XDR) M. tuberculosis respectively. High rate of anti-tubercular drug resistance was observed among the category II treatment failure TB patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v7i1.17741 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2013; 7(1): 9-11

scholarly journals Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated from Patients Attending a Referral Hospital

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABM Abdul Wadud ◽  
ASM Matiur Rahman ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin Miah ◽  
Ahmed Abu Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Detection Time ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Culture Positive

This study was carried out to isolate M. tuberculosis from smear positive sputum samples by MB/BacT automated culture system and investigate the drug resistance pattern. Among 101 smear positive cases 96 (95.05 %) yielded growth of Mycobacteria, 3 (02.97 %) were contaminated and 2 (01.98 %) showed no growth. Culture positive detection time for M. tuberculosis was lowest 7 days and highest 36.3 days and average detection time was11.3 days. Detection time for NTM was 19.2 days. Among 96 isolates 95 (98.96 %) were M. tuberculosis and remaining 1 (1.04 %) was photochromogen Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). Out of 95 M. tuberculosis 51 (53.84 %) were resistant to at least one drug, 38 (40.00 %) to INH, 31 (32.63%) to RMP, 13(13.68 %) to SM, 11 (11.58 %) to EMB and 10 (10.53 %) to PZA and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was 21 (22.11 %). Resistance to one drug was 21 (22.11%), two drugs 15 (15.79 %), to three drugs 10 (10.53 %) and resistant to four or more drugs 5(5.26 %) cases.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2010; 03 (02): 13-17

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