scholarly journals Evaluation of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Level in the Serum of Children With Idiopathic Bronchiectasis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Babaei ◽  
Zahra Kanannejad ◽  
Soheila Alyasin
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Bronchiectasis is a clinical syndrome characterized by chronic cough, sputum production, recurrent respiratory infections, and permanent bronchial dilation. The association between the level of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and bronchiectasis is controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate this association in children with idiopathic bronchiectasis. The study was conducted on 20 patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis as the case group (mean age 15.9±2.1) and 20 healthy individuals as the control group (mean age 14.9±2.6). Serum AAT level was measured using nephelometric analysis (g/L). Other criteria including sex, parent consanguinity, number of hospitalizations, age of the first symptom were evaluated in both groups related to AAT level. The mean serum level of AAT in the case and control groups were 1.3±0.29; 1.5±0.59, respectively, with statistical significance (P=0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in the AAT level distribution, according to AAT normal range (P=0.01). The case group had a more positive attitude toward consanguinity than the control group (66.7% versus 33.3%; P<0.001). The results showed that 80% of patients had the first symptom of disease under one year of age, 6.6% 1-5 years, 6.6% 5-10 years, and 6.6% in more than ten years old. In the case group, 53.3% had a history of medical hospitalization for one time, 26.7% two times, while 20% of the patients had no medical hospitalization. Decreased AAT serum level and high consanguinity rates may be considered as two risk factors for idiopathic bronchiectasis occurrence in children.

The Relationship between the Type of Milk Consumed and the Risk of Kidney Stones in Children Under Two Years of Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Shajari ◽  
Ahmad Shajari ◽  
Mohammad Golshan Tafti ◽  
Reza Samaninejad
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Kidney stones are one of several serious health problems in childhood that cause nutritional and growth disorders, and may finally lead to chronic kidney failure in this group. Methods: In this analytical study conducted through a case-control design, 30 children under the age of two with kidney stones, and 125 children of the same age and sex without stones were studied. Patient information including personal profile and the results of some necessary tests were extracted from patient records and listed in a checklist. The data was analyzed using SPSS (Version 17.0). Statistical significance was considered when p-value was <0.05. Results: In terms of duration of breastfeeding, a significant difference was observed between the patients with stones and patients without stones; the duration of breastfeeding was longer in the control group (p=0.003). In addition, the duration of feeding with formula milk and cow milk was longer in the case group (p=0.038 and p=0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Breastfeeding can serve as a nutritional factor that plays a preventive and protective role against the formation of kidney stones in infants.

scholarly journals The values of AHCY and CBS promoter methylation on the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Shufang Bu ◽  
Ran Ran Pan ◽  
Cong Zhou ◽  
Kun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The goal of our study is to investigate whether the methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters are related to the risk of cerebral infarction by detecting the methylation level of AHCY and CBS genes. Methods We extracted peripheral venous blood from 152 patients with cerebral infarction and 152 gender- and age-matched healthy controls, and determined methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. We used the percentage of methylation reference (PMR) to indicate gene methylation level. Results We compared the promoter methylation levels of two genes (AHCY and CBS) in peripheral blood DNA between the cerebral infarction case group and the control group. Our study showed no significant difference in AHCY promoter methylation between case and control. Subgroup analysis by gender showed that the methylation level of AHCY in males in the case group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant in females. In a subgroup analysis by age, there was no significant difference in the AHCY methylation level between the case and control in the young group (≤44 years old). However, the level of AHCY gene methylation in the middle-aged group (45–59 years old) was significantly higher and the aged group (≥60 years old) was significantly lower than that in the control groups. However, CBS promoter methylation levels were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (median PMR: 70.20% vs 104.10%, P = 3.71E-10). In addition, the CBS methylation levels of males and females in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group (male: 64.33% vs 105%, P = 2.667E-08; female: 78.05% vs 102.8%, P = 0.003). We also found that the CBS levels in the young (23–44), middle-aged (45–59), and older (60–90) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (young group: 69.97% vs 114.71%; P = 0.015; middle-aged group: 56.04% vs 91.71%; P = 6.744E-06; older group: 81.6% vs 119.35%; P = 2.644E-04). Our ROC curve analysis of CBS hypomethylation showed an area under the curve of 0.713, a sensitivity of 67.4%, and a specificity of 74.0%. Conclusion Our study suggests that hypomethylation of the CBS promoter may be closely related to the risk of cerebral infarction and may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Influence of Therapeutic Play on the anxiety of hospitalized school-age children: Clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Gisele Tobias da Silva ◽  
Maiara Aurichio Santos ◽  
Claudia Maria de Freitas Floriano ◽  
Elaine Buchhorn Cintra Damião ◽  
Fernanda Vieira de Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Play ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of Dramatic Therapeutic Play (DTP) technique on the degree of anxiety in hospitalized school-age children. Method: Randomized clinical trial performed in two hospitals ofSão Paulo, between May and October 2015. The intervention consisted of the application of DTP and the outcome was evaluated through the Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) instrument. The Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney, Corrected t, Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests were used in the analysis. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: In all, 28 children participated in the study. The majority of children (75%) had a low anxiety score, with a mean CD: H score of 73.9 and 69.4 in the intervention and control groups respectively, and with no significant difference. Conclusion: Children submitted to DTP had the same degree of anxiety as those in the control group. However, it is suggested that new studies be performed with a larger number of children in different hospitalization scenarios.

scholarly journals Assessing Efficacy of Emotional Regulation Techniques on Alexithymia among Students Who Suffer From Dyscalculia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaiel Soleymani ◽  
Mojtaba Habibi ◽  
Mani B. Monajemi ◽  
Esmaiel Soleymani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
And Control

Background: Dyscalculia tends to debilitating for children with respect to their social interactions and learning process. Although it can cause so many problematic consequences in developmental stages of children, by implementing precise and in time therapeutic intervention, it can be mitigated. Current paper examines the efficacy of emotional regulation techniques among students who suffer from dyscalculia. Materials and Methods: This study was experimental study with pre-test and post-test and control group. Statistical Society of this study included all students (4th, 5th, 6th grader), who suffered from dyscalculia in Bileh town (Urumieh Province/Iran) during 2013-2014(N=76). This study consisted 34 students, who suffered from dyscalculia. These students were chosen via systematic random sampling. Data were collected using Raven IQ test, Shalev mathematical Test, Alexithymia Scale, Psychological wellbeing questionnaire. Regarding analyzing data, MANOVA was used. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance show that between case group and control, significant difference in components of alexithymia and psychological wellbeing were noticed. Hence, it can be inferred that emotional regulation strategies improves component of alexithymia and psychological well being of students with dyscalculia. Conclusion: According to results, teaching emotion regulation strategies to students considered to be effective in promoting awareness and positive attitudes. Thus, it is plausible that implementing these strategies tend to play major role as an intervention among students with dyscalculia.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SPORT GAMES EXERCISE PROGRAMS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC MOTOR ABILITIES IN ADOLESCENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Pejčić ◽  
Miodrag Kocić
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a sports games experimental program on improving specific motor abilities in adolescents with mental impairment. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 adolescents diagnosed with mild mental impairment, divided into two groups (experimental group EG, and control group CG) with an equal number of participants. The special program of sports games lasted for 12 weeks, with a weekly frequency of four times and a duration of 30 minutes per training. The participants of both groups were tested with the same variables within the specific motor skills for the sport of football and basketball. After a twelve-week experimental program of sports games, there were statistically significant improvements in the EG in the variables: SMFS, SMDR, SMCP with a statistical significance of r=0.000. The results of the ANOVA and MANOVA analyses indicated that after the application of the specific sports games program there was a statistically significant difference in the benefits for the EG compared to the CG, in the parameters of specific motor abilities with a statistical significance r=0.000 and the size of the impact. Based on these research results, it can be concluded that a specific exercise program conducted within twelve-week training of specifically dosed sports activities has significantly contributed the development of specific motor skills for football and basketball.

scholarly journals Triple-Blinded Randomized Study to Evaluate the Effect of Acetaminophen and Morphine Sulfate on Pain Relief in MI-patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei ◽  
Shahram Homayounfar ◽  
Behzad Roozbahani ◽  
Melika Malekpour ◽  
Maryam Farhadian
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Morphine Sulfate ◽  
Morphine Sulphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Myocardial infarction is considered to be the most common symptom of cardiovascular diseases. Regarding the limitation of access to Morphine sulphate as a special drug and complications followed, this study aims to compare the treatment effects of intravenous acetaminophen and morphine sulphate on the reduction of pain in MI patients and to improve the cardiac performance. Methods: The present study is a triple-blind randomized control trial in which 70 patients were divided into two separated groups and the pain was measured using Visual Analogue Scale. All analysis was done using SPSS Software at the significance level of 5 percent. Results: 42 patients were male (60%) of whom 20 were in case group and 22 in control group. There were no significant difference between intervention group and control group in terms of VAS score (p = 0.520). The index change of VAS over the time was statistically significant (p=0.001) in intervention and control groups (intra group change). The results of variance analysis with repeated measurements showed that mean differences of Ejection Fraction over time in both groups of intervention and control was not statistically significant (p=0.28). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that although Acetaminophen does not have an improved effect on pain control and cardiac performance than Morphine sulphate, it can be still an appropriate alternative for Morphine sulfate due to the lack of destructive effects and its availability.

scholarly journals Is there a correlation between GAD2 gene-243 A>G polymorphism and obesity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
Camelia Alkhzouz ◽  
Diana Miclea ◽  
Marius Farcas ◽  
Simona Bucerzan ◽  
Georgiana Cabau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Transcriptional Effect ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: GAD2 gene encodes the glutamate decarboxylase enzyme which catalyses the transformation of glutamate into γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA. It is suggested that some polymorphic alleles of GAD2 gene, such as -243A>G, have an increased transcriptional effect compared with the wild type, which results in an increase of GABA in the hypothalamus with the subsequent increase of the neuropeptide Y, thus exacerbating the hunger centre and the appetite. The aim of this study was to observe an association between the -243A>G polymorphism with obesity, comparatively studying a group of obese patients and a group of patients with normal weight. Patients and method: 127 patients were clinically evaluated in the Genetic and Endocrine Department of Children’s Emergency Clinical Hospital, Cluj. The patients were included in two study groups, case group, with obesity (BMI higher than 97 kg/m2) and control group, with normal weight (BMI less than 97 kg/m2). Genotyping for GAD2-243A>G polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP technique, the two groups being compared regarding the genotypes and phenotypes. Results and conclusions: In the obesity group, there is a statistically significant difference in BMI (kg/m2) between the subgroups with different genotypes (p=0.01), the AA genotype being less severely affected than AG and GG genotypes. In the normal weight group there is no association between BMI and different genotypes (AA, AG or GG). Also, there is a greater distribution of GG genotypes and G allele in the obesity group compared with the control group, with an odds ratio which suggest that -243A>G polymorphism is a risk factor in obesity development (GG genotype OR=3.76, G allele OR=1.73, p=0.04). The finding of our study is important in explaining the multifactorial model of obesity, our research demonstrating that the GAD2-243 A> G variant could be a risk factor that added to other obesogenic factors would potentiate their effect.

Polymorphism of p53 Codon 72 Gene on Cervical Cancer Incidence in Malay Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Lusia Hayati ◽  
Siska Delvia
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
P53 Codon 72 ◽  
Codon 72 ◽  
Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
And Control

In Indonesia, the cases of cervical cancer are estimated at around 50 per 100.000 people. It wasestimatedthattherearemore than1 millionwomenworldwidewho have cervical cancer,andmostofthemhavenot been diagnosed yet or do not have access to screening and medical treatment. P53 codon 72polymorphism can affect the risk of cervical cancerthrough the regulationofproliferationandcellapoptosis.Thepurpose of this research was to investigate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and cases ofcervical cancer. This research was observational analytic research. The research was done by examining in thelaboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya by using a case-control studyapproach.Thesampleoftheresearchconsistedof 70subjects,andtheyweredividedintotwogroups:35in casegroup and 35 in the control group. The determination of genotype and allotype was done by using PCR-RFLPtechnics. The results of the research showed there was a significant difference between p53 codon 72polymorphism between the case group and control group. The results of genotypes of p53 codon 72polymorphism in the case group were seven respondents (20.0%) with Pro/Pro genotype, five respondents(14.3%) with Arg/Arg genotype, and 23 respondents (65.7%) with Pro/Arg. While in control group, there were 28respondents (80.0%) with Pro/Pro genotype, 0 respondent (0.0%) with Arg/Arg genotype, and 7 respondents(20%) with Pro/Arg. The frequency of the Prolin allele in case group was 37 (52.9%), and the Arginin allele was 33(47.1%), while the frequency of the Prolin allele in the control group was 63 (90%), and the Arginin allele was 7(10%).TheChi-Squareofgenotypewas valued0.000,OR1,304andCI95%1,071-5,891,whiletheallelewas valued0.000,OR8.027 andCI95% 3.228-19.962. Therewas an associationbetweengenotypeand allele of p53 codon72polymorphismandcasesofcervicalcancer

scholarly journals The effect of distal radius fractures involving the distal radioulnar articular joint on forearm rotation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingde Kong ◽  
Meng Fu ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Yanqing Zhou ◽  
Zuzhuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Radius ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Distal Radius Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Forearm Rotation ◽  
Sigmoid Notch ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to predict the function of the forearm rotation on the basis of the articular surface of the sigmoid notch from three-dimensional reconstruction images. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent volar plate fixation for intra-articular distal radius fractures (DRFs) in our institution between January 2017 and July 2019. The 3D image of the sigmoid notch on the fractured distal radius was reconstructed and looked up from the ulnar view to determine the existence of gaps or steps. Patients with or without gaps/steps on the sigmoid notch were included in the case group or control group, respectively. The patients’ basic data and postoperative data were collected and compared. Results A total of 81 patients were included. There were 33 patients in the case group, and 48 patients in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline. The total range of motion (ROM) of rotation in the case group and control group was 130.3 ± 6.2° and 145.3 ± 6.7°, respectively (P < 0.001). The percentage of rotation ROM of contralateral limb in the case group and control group was 72.3 ± 3.1% and 80.7 ± 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). VAS during forearm rotation was 2.1 ± 0.7 in the case group, which is significantly higher than that in the control group (1.5 ± 0.5, P < 0.001). Conclusion This study proposed a new method to assess the articular surface of the sigmoid notch which is based on 3D reconstruction images. With the assistance of this method, we found that gaps or steps on the sigmoid notch not only limit forearm pronation rotation and supination rotation, but also cause apparent wrist pain during forearm rotation movement and poor wrist ability.

scholarly journals Interaction between GDF5 gene polymorphisms and environment factors increased the risk of knee osteoarthritis: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujie Zhang ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Hongliang Ji ◽  
Helei Jia ◽  
Dongsheng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gene Models ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gdf5 Gene

Abstract Using a case–control design, we assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF5)/rs143383 gene and interaction with environments and knee osteoarthritis (KOA). We recruited 288 KOA patients from the First Clinical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine between June 2017 and May 2018. There was significant difference in genotype distribution between case group and control group (χ2 = 22.661, P=0.000). The minor C allele was significantly higher in the case group than that in the control group (20.5 vs 8.1%, P=0.000, odds ratio (OR) = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29–2.03). Significant differences were also observed in other gene models. For age, all models show significant differences (P<0.05) for those whose age was more than 60 years, and no significant difference was observed for those under 60 years. For non-smoking group, there were significant differences between case group and control group, and for smoker, significance level was found in TT compared with CC and allele gene models. Patients with drinking and Bbody mass index (MI )≥ 24 also showed significant relationship between rs143383 and osteoarthritis (OA) under the following models: TT vs CC (P=0.000, P=0.018), TT/CT vs CC (P=0.043), TT vs CT/CC (P=0.000, P=0.009), and T vs C (P=0.024, P=0.000). Other gene models indicated no significance (P>0.05). Our results revealed a possible genetic association between GDF5 and KOA, and the TT genotype of rs143383 increased the risk of KOA in Chinese Han population. The interaction between GDF5 gene and drinking, smoking, and obesity further increased the risk of KOA.

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