scholarly journals Monitoring Patients to Prevent Myocardial Infarction using Internet of Things Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnoosh Akhoondan ◽  
Hojatollah Hamidi ◽  
Ali Broumandnia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Attack ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Prescribe Medication ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Myocardial Infraction ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Introduction: The Iranian Ministry of Health has announced that when a heart attack occurs, 50% of patients die within the first hours after a heart attack. The purpose of this article is to provide a system for 24-hour patient monitoring, prevention of heart attack and reduction of mortality. Methods: In this original research study, by reviewing the valid articles of 2020, two sensor samples with the least error, fast and user-friendly were selected, then presented by new system methods including two-phase: warning transmission and normal mode. Received information from both of the phases is stored in the patient's digital file. Based on this information, personalized decisions can be made for each patient. Results: According to the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, more than 40% of deaths in the country are related to the heart diseases, 19% of them are related to the heart attack, while 50% of deaths due to myocardial infraction happen in the first hours. Our proposed 24-hour monitoring system, using the most up-to-date and accurate measurement tools, reduces the risk by continuously measuring the patient's vital signs. Conclusion: In our proposed system, the time and numerical interval of each measurement by the sensors are determined by the respective doctor, then the information is stored in each person's digital medical record. This system helps prescribe medication and make more accurate decisions based on the patient's specific circumstances. It is recommended that the drug delivery phase be performed within the arrival time of the medical team to minimize the risk.

scholarly journals Time and Motion Study of Influenza Diagnostic Testing in a Community Pharmacy

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Klepser ◽  
Allison Dering-Anderson ◽  
Jacqueline Morse ◽  
Michael Klepser ◽  
Stephanie Klepser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Pharmacy Technician ◽  
Time And Motion Study ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Time Required

Background: It has been shown that use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) is able to reduce costs and improve the prescribing practice of antivirals (i.e. oseltamivir) among patients with influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). Using existing Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA)-waived RDTs and collaborative practice agreements, similar to those used to allow pharmacists to administer vaccines, it is possible for patients to seek point-of-care treatment for influenza or flu-like symptoms at a local pharmacy. Following a review of the patient's symptoms by a trained pharmacist, the qualified patient is offered an RDT to determine if the influenza virus is the cause of the symptoms. Based on the results of the RDT, the patient is provided with the appropriate treatment as defined by an approved practice agreement. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating an RDT for influenza into community pharmacy practice. Methods: This time and motion study was conducted at three community pharmacy locations, and a total of eight simulated patient visits were completed utilizing a standardized patient. In addition to determining a total time of the encounter, each simulation was divided into nine timed sub-categories. For data analysis, the time spent in each of the nine sub-categories was assigned to the pharmacist, pharmacy technician, or patient. Time and motion methodologies were used to estimate the total time required to provide the RDT service, to determine the amount of active time required of the pharmacist and pharmacy technician, and to evaluate the ability of the staff to provide the service within its existing workflow. Results: The average total time to complete the entire patient encounter for an influenza assessment utilizing an RDT was 35.5 minutes (± 3.1 minutes). On average, the pharmacist spent 9.4 minutes (± 3 minutes) per encounter or about 26.5% of the entire encounter. When the pharmacy technician collected the vital signs, the pharmacist-required time was reduced to 4.95 minutes (± 2.7 minutes), which was about a 48% reduction. Conclusions: The results indicate that an RDT program for influenza assessment required no more than a modest amount of pharmacist time and could be successfully incorporated into regular workflow with little to no disruption of other activities. As such, this approach to influenza management may be a feasible service for community pharmacies to offer patients. This was especially true if the pharmacy had well-trained technicians on staff that could support the service with collection of patient histories and vital signs.   Type: Original Research

DYNAMICS IN INCIDENCE OF DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM AMONG ADULTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2007-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A.A. Savina ◽  
◽  
S.I. Feyginova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Incidence Structure ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
The State ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Russian Federation

Significance. Diseases of the circulatory system remain one of the leading causes of death and morbidity of the adult population. Over the years, the efforts of the State aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system have made the contribution of this disease class to the total mortality in Russia gradually reduce. Nevertheless, diseases of the circulatory system remain the leading ones among diseases, characterized by a steady growth and rapidly increasing prevalence among the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in incidence and prevalence of the diseases of the circulatory system among the Russian adult population in 2007-2019. Material and methods. The study used data of the statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of Russia: "Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation" for 2007-2019. The study, which is a continuous statistical observation, used the method of direct ranking, calculation of indicators of time series. Results. Diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 ranked fourth in the incidence structure of the adult population (8%), while its prevalence ranked second to none (21%). Over 13 years, the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in adults increased by 42% (2007-2019) while its prevalence increased by 24%. The highest levels of incidence of diseases of the circulatory system in 2019 are registered in the Krasnodar Territory (9,024.3 per 100 000 population, + 324%), the Kurgan Region (7,404.2, + 103%) and the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (7 286.2, + 268%), and prevalence - in the Altai Territory (52 557.6, + 2%), the Chuvash Republic (51 814.6, + 38%) and the Voronezh Region (45 339.4, + 59%). The maximum rates of increase in morbidity with diseases of the circulatory system from 2007 to 2019 are registered in the South Federal district (incidence - by 119%, prevalence - by 56%), among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: incidence - in the Krasnodar Territory (by 324%), prevalence – the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic (by 136%). According to the state statistical reporting, on average, every 7th acute myocardial infarction is complicated by recurrent heart attack in Russia. Conclusions. Throughout the study period of 13 years, the leading nosological forms include: Hypertensive diseases (35%; 45%, respectively), Ischemic heart diseases (22%; 21,6%) and Cerebrovascular diseases (23%; 20%). Over half of the diseases of the circulatory system are registered in the older working ages (55-60 and over). Scope of application. The study results can be useful to regional authorities in public health in planning and implementing regional programs aimed at controlling diseases of the circulatory system.

scholarly journals A Critique on Heart Diseases Predictive Analytics using Big Data Algorithms

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 794-798
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cloud Platform ◽  
Unstructured Information ◽  
Present World

A large volume of both structured and unstructured information is managed by the emerging technology big data. This information is complicated to practice using set records and software techniques. An elite solution is brought in all technologies by using them competently. To improve the prediction of heart diseases earlier and bring more intellectual decisions the big data is potential in healthcare organization. In the present world condition the doctors and experts available are very intricate to forecast the heart diseases. The heart attack has become a remarkable cause of the endless demise worldwide. Heart attack is essential to predict it at an earlier stage to standby the existence of individuals and it is the main source of demise. The primary purpose is to predict the risk level of a person using Big Data algorithms for the cardiac disease. Big Data is primarily designed to provide a national scheme for physicians and patients to login and view Cloud information. Hadoop Map Reduce programming is used to maintain the hospital details. The machine learning algorithms is used to view the precise condition of the patient in its graphical demonstration. Using cloud platform for accessing globally exploitation any browsers in any a part of the globe this application are often enforced.

The Measuring of Vital Signs Using Internet Of Things Technology (Heart Rate And Respiration)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demtania Gusti Kristiani ◽  
Triwiyanto Triwiyanto ◽  
Priyambada Cahya Nugraha ◽  
Bambang Guruh Irianto ◽  
Syaifudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Recent Innovations in Coronary Stents

2017 ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
Poulomi Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Plaque Deposition ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
Fatty Plaque

In heart diseases, there are frequent incidents of narrowing or blocking coronary arteries by fatty plaque deposition. As a result, blood pressure rises and the arteries weaken. This can lead to rapid rupture of the blood vessels, also known as heart attack or brain stroke. In some cases the arteries lose elasticity over old age. Heart stent or coronary stent inserts in the blocked/fragile region of coronary artery. It helps to expand the artery to allow free flow of blood and consequently, reduces blood pressure. Over past 20 years there are many modifications and innovations in the field of cardiac stents, in this chapter we will discuss few of those.

Abstract P313: Poor Cardiovascular Health Knowledge despite the Rising Epidemic of Cardiovascular Diseases: findings from a peri-urban Nepalese community

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Vaidya ◽  
Umesh R Aryal ◽  
Alexandra Krettek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional

Nepal, a low-income South Asian country, is facing a growing epidemic of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Information on how well its population knows about the underlying risk factors and possible prevention and control strategies is an important determinant in tackling the epidemic. Studies indicate Nepalese people have poor knowledge regarding cardiovascular health, for example, about symptoms of heart attack or diabetes. We conducted a study on cardiovascular health literacy in a peri-urban area near Kathmandu and tested the hypothesis that better cardiovascular health knowledge is associated with superior cardiovascular health behaviour. For this cross-sectional study, we conducted face-to-face interviews with 777 consenting adults aged 25-59 years from six randomly sampled clusters of Duwakot and Jhaukhel communities between September and November 2011. We used WHO-STEPs questionnaire to gather information on demographic, behavioural and anthropometric variables. Additionally, we did a thorough literature search to construct questions on cardiovascular health knowledge and attitude. Scores were given to knowledge, attitude and behaviour/practice components which were then aggregated to calculate composite median percent scores. Five categories from highest to lowest quintiles of median percent scores were then generated. Seventy percent of the respondents were females- out of which two-thirds were housewives, and a third was without formal education. A fifth of the 229 male respondents were doing agriculture-based work. When asked to spontaneously name the risk factors, respondents showed low overall knowledge- ranging from 1% for diabetes and 29% for smoking. Sixty percent of them did not know any heart attack symptom. Chest pain as a heart attack sign was known only to 14% of the respondents. Nonetheless, 86% of them thought heart diseases could be prevented by improving lifestyles. However, 65% of men and 54% of women did not want to change their lifestyle as they did not consider themselves to be at risk. Further, among those with highest knowledge quintile score, only 14.7% had highest attitude quintile score, and only 13.4% had highest behaviour quintile score. Likewise, among those with lowest knowledge quintile score, 26% had lowest attitude quintile score, and 16.4% had lowest behaviour quintile score. In conclusion, despite the rising burden of cardiovascular epidemic in Nepal, population-level knowledge on cardiovascular health is still poor. Further, better knowledge did not necessarily translate into superior cardiovascular health behaviour. Therefore, community-based interventions that improve all the three components should be promoted rather than those which influence only the knowledge aspect.

HEART DISEASES DETECTION FROM NOISY RECORDINGS OF SMARTPHONE DEVICES

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850039
Author(s):  
WEN-HSIEN HO ◽  
YENMING J. CHEN ◽  
YUZHEN ZHANG ◽  
YANYUN TAO ◽  
HSIN-WEN KUO
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Heart Murmurs ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Testing Accuracy ◽  
Heart Disease Diagnosis

This paper aims to develop an algorithm to detect heart diseases through ordinary smartphones without additional equipment for cost accessibility. Among various vital signs emitted by organs, sounds can be easily observed and carry ample information. However, these sounds are small and noisy. Detecting anomalies involves great challenges in signal processing. This study presents a novel method that overcomes noises to estimate cardiovascular health. We use time-scale techniques in time series analysis to extract disease traits and suppress excessive ambient noises. Using datasets from PhysioNet, our model achieved a nearly 100% accuracy in heart disease diagnosis. Our approach also performs well under excessive noises for diseases producing heart murmurs. With heavy noise contaminated signals, training accuracy still closed to 100%, and the testing accuracy still remained around 84%.

A Phase I pharmacokinetic (PK) study of single dose oral therapy with a uPA inhibitor (WX-671)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 13091-13091
Author(s):  
P. Bevan ◽  
C. Mala ◽  
M. Buergle ◽  
W. A. Schmalix ◽  
N. G. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Oral Doses

13091 Background: WX-671 is an orally available prodrug of WX-UK1, a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits uPA as well as other serine proteases. WX-UK1 (Setyono-Han et al., Thromb Haemost 2005) and WX-671 have shown to efficiently reduce primary tumor growth and metastasis formation in a variety of animal models. First PK and safety data of the prodrug WX-671 were obtained in healthy volunteers. Methods: Male healthy volunteers received WX-671 as hydrogen sulfate given as single oral doses corresponding to 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg WX-671 free base. Each subject received two single doses, the first dose pre-prandially and the second dose one week later post-prandially. PK profiles were obtained over 48h for both the prodrug WX-671 and the active metabolite WX-UK1. Safety was assessed by measuring vital signs, laboratory parameters (hematology, blood chemistry, coagulation) and ECGs. Results: 16 healthy male volunteers were included, four per dose level. Both the Cmax levels as well as the plasma AUCs of both WX-671 and WX-UK1 were overproportionally related with dose levels. Administration with food slightly increased AUCs at the two higher doses. Terminal phase half life was fairly constant for WX-671 at all doses (approximately 5.8 h) and for WX-UK1 at least in the two highest dose groups with 17–21 h. Four subjects out of 16 (25%) experienced a total number of 11 adverse events. These events were nervous system disorders (headache, 7 events) and gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea, 2 events; flatulence, 2 events). All adverse events occurred at the lower dose levels of 50 mg and 100 mg WX-671. No adverse events were observed at the dose levels of 200 and 400 mg WX-671. All adverse events were rated as mild and all subjects completely recovered within a maximum time period of 18h. Conclusions: The administration of oral doses of WX-671 (as hydrogen sulfate) resulted in the formation of WX-UK1 in the plasma uniformly across all individuals. At all dose levels tested, WX-671 was well tolerated systemically as judged by assessment of vital signs, ECG, general safety laboratory and coagulation data as well as by adverse event profiles. Two phase I PK and safety studies with daily dosing over 15 days at the above tested dose levels are currently ongoing, one in healthy volunteers and the other in patients. [Table: see text]

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