scholarly journals The State of the Lake-river System Affected By Mineral Production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Kuchko ◽  
Nikolay Ilmast ◽  
Tamara Kuchko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
Current State ◽  
Mineral Production ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Downstream Analysis ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The current state of four water bodies in the upper and middle reaches of the River Kenti system, Western Karelia, affected by long-term industrial potassium-sulphate pollution, is assessed. The upper water body of the system, Lake Kostomukshskoye, is supplied by waste water from an iron mining concentration plant. Lakes Okunevoye, Poppalijärvi and Koivas are located downstream. Analysis of some hydrochemical indices and phyto- and zooplankton communities has shown that as the distance from the pollution source increases, the hydrological regime is stabilized, species diversity increases and the quantitative indices of the biotic constituent of the lake-river system grow. For example, the total mineralization value decreases from 632 дo 45 mg/l, the concentrations of major polluting agents, such as K+ and Na+ ions, decline by an average of two orders of magnitude and the medium reaction passes from alkaline (pН 7.7) to neutral (pН 6.8). The species composition of the phytoplankton varies from 18 to 23 species of six 6 divisions. The number of zooplankton taxa increases from 15 to 24 and average quantitative indices grow from 0.048 g/m3 (1.1 thousand individuals/m3) to 0.368 g/m3 (10.3 thousand individuals/m3), respectively. The data obtained were compared with earlier results.

scholarly journals Conditions of forming and factors of water regime of the Poltva River

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (40) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
L. Kurhanevych ◽  
M. Shipka
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Discharge Water ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
History Of

The analysis of water regime of the Poltva River system has been carried out. History of hydrological investigations, hydrological regime parameters, trends of the long-term changes of hydrological regime in XX-XXI centuries have been characterized. Natural conditions and man-made factors of the river water regime forming have been analyzed. Key words: water regime, hydrological post, water discharge, water level.

scholarly journals Available for plants phosphorus in the floodplain catenas of the Amur River

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-91
Author(s):  
A. V. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Amur River ◽  
River Waters ◽  
River Bed ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Active Mobilization ◽  
Soil Forming Processes

This work was carried out to study the content and distribution of available for plants phosphorus in different types of floodplain soils along five catenas located in the upper and the middle Amur. It was found that the available for plants phosphorus forms in the soils of floodplains are influenced by the following factors: the structure of the river system, the type of floodplain, the type of vegetation cover, and soil-forming processes. During the long-term transportation of alluvium along the river bed, its hydrogenic weathering occurs with the release of phosphorus into river waters. In the absence of tributaries serving as additional sources of alluvium, the phosphorus content decreases downstream. More intense floodplain and alluvial processes in small floodplains provide renewal of the soil profile and replenishment of phosphorus reserves. In the soils under the birch forest, there is a significant accumulation of phosphorus, in comparison with the soils under meadow vegetation. The development of gley processes leads to active mobilization of phosphorus, but the long-term exposure leads to the depletion of its total reserves. The illimerization processes, initiated and developing when the floodplain hydrological regime of alluvial soils is changed to another one, promote the migration of iron oxides and phosphorus, adsorbed by the former, beyond the soil profile. To summarize, the average content of available for plants phosphorus, depending on the type of soil, decreases downstream from 300–100 mg/kg in the upper Amur to 170–20 mg/kg in the middle Amur. Available for plants of phosphorus are best provided in primitive alluvial layered soils, while in residual floodplain brunezems the lowest content is recorded.

CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE CASPIAN SPRAT FISHERIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilievna Pomogaeva ◽  
Aliya Ahmetovna Aseinova ◽  
Yuriy Aleksandrovich Paritskiy ◽  
Vjacheslav Petrovich Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
North West ◽  
Marine Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
West Part ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Intensive Growth

The article presents annual statistical data of the Caspian Research Institute of Fishery. There has been kept track of the long term dynamics of the stocks of three species of Caspian sprat (anchovy, big-eyed kilka, sprat) and investigated a process of substituting a food item of sprats Eurytemora grimmi to a small-celled copepod species Acartia tonsa Dana. According to the research results, there has been determined growth potential of stocks of each species. Ctenophoran-Mnemiopsis has an adverse effect on sprat population by eating fish eggs and larvae. Ctenophoram - Mnemiopsis is a nutritional competitor to the full-grown fishes. The article gives recommendations on reclamation of stocks of the most perspective species - common sprat, whose biological characteristics helped not to suffer during Ctenophoram outburst and to increase its population during change of the main food item. Hydroacoustic survey data prove the intensive growth of common sprat biomass in the north-west part of the Middle Caspian. According to the results of the research it may be concluded that to realize the volumes of recommended sprat catch it is necessary to organize the marine fishery of common sprat at the Russian Middle Caspian shelf.

Basic principles for assessing the safety of fish products from the ponds exposed to the influence of nuclear fuel cycle enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
A. V. Trapeznikov ◽  
V. N. Trapeznikova ◽  
A. V. Korzhavin ◽  
V. N. Nikolkin ◽  
A. P. Plataev
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
River System ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Irtysh River

Relevance. In connection with the development of nuclear energy, many aquatic ecosystems have been exposed to radioactive substances. Fish, as an element of biota, is capable to accumulate radionuclides. However, fish is a traditional food. The control of the technogenic radionuclides accumulation level in the ichthyofauna is an important link in ensuring human security.Intention. To analyze the long-term data on the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in the ichthyofauna of the Ob-Irtysh river system for the period from 2004 to 2016 and Beloyarsky pond for the period from 1977 to 2018.Methodology. Fish as a food product was assessed according to two criteria: a) permissible levels of specific activity of radionuclides (SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01); b) using the indicator of conformity B and the uncertainty of its definition В (GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013).Results and Discussion. Fish of all species that live in the river Tetcha, is not suitable for food use according to the criteria of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, GOST 32161-2013 and GOST 32163-2013. The fish of the Ob-Irtysh river system, the habitat of which is located outside the Tetcha, meets the requirements for fish products. In the period from 1977 to 1989 in the Beloyarsk pond the accumulations of technogenic radionuclides in fish in quantities exceeding sanitary and hygienic standards were possible. Currently, the fish of the Beloyarsky pond fully complies with the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the radiation factor and is safe for human consumption.Conclusion. In the ponds exposed to the atomic energy enterprises, it is necessary to continuously monitor the content of long-lived technogenic radionuclides in fish and assess their amount in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 and using the conformity indicator В and the uncertainty of its determination В. 

River Quality Models for Consent Setting in England and Wales

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Crockett ◽  
R. W. Crabtree ◽  
I. D. Cluckie
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Quality Models ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
River Quality ◽  
National Approach

In England and Wales the placing of effluent discharge consents within a statistical framework has led to the development of a new hybrid type of river quality model. Such catchment scale consent models have a stochastic component for the generation of model inputs and a deterministic component to route them through the river system. This paper reviews and compares the existing approaches for consent modelling used by various Water Authorities. A number of possible future developments are suggested including the potential need for a national approach to the review and setting of long term consents.

scholarly journals Depression following traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fakhoury ◽  
Zaynab Shakkour ◽  
Firas Kobeissy ◽  
Nada Lawand
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
First Year ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Current State ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Brain Changes

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern affecting the neuropsychological health; TBI is accompanied by drastic long-term adverse complications that can influence many aspects of the life of affected individuals. A substantial number of studies have shown that mood disorders, particularly depression, are the most frequent complications encountered in individuals with TBI. Post-traumatic depression (P-TD) is present in approximately 30% of individuals with TBI, with the majority of individuals experiencing symptoms of depression during the first year following head injury. To date, the mechanisms of P-TD are far from being fully understood, and effective treatments that completely halt this condition are still lacking. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of P-TD, to discuss the accompanying brain changes at the anatomical, molecular and functional levels, and to discuss current approaches used for the treatment of P-TD.

scholarly journals Systemic Photoprotection in Skin Cancer Prevention: Knowledge among Dermatologists

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Luca Fania ◽  
Francesca Sampogna ◽  
Francesco Ricci ◽  
Mariafrancesca Hyeraci ◽  
Andrea Paradisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers

Background: Systemic photoprotection (i.e., administration of substances such as nicotinamide, carotenoids, and vitamin D) may be important to reduce photocarcinogenesis or to support long-term protection against UV irradiation. Clinical trials showed that oral nicotinamide is effective in reducing the onset of new nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), while other oral photoprotectors failed to achieve the reduction of new melanoma or NMSC formation in humans. The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of knowledge of systemic photoprotection and to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of dermatologists regarding these treatments. Methods: The survey was conducted on a sample of dermatologists recruited according to a snowball sampling procedure. The questionnaire consisted of a first part asking for characteristics of the participant and a second part with 12 specific questions on their knowledge about systemic photoprotection, particularly their knowledge of astaxanthin, β-carotene, nicotinamide, and vitamin D3. Results: One hundred eight dermatologists answered the survey. Most of them (85.2%) stated that oral photoprotectors have a role in the prevention of skin cancer, and responses mainly mentioned nicotinamide. More than half of them (54.6%) had prescribed all the considered oral photoprotectors, but the majority of them had prescribed nicotinamide, mainly for 2 to 3 months during summer, almost invariably (n = 106) associated with topical photoprotectors. Most dermatologists (>80%) were aware of scientific publications demonstrating an effect of systemic photoprotectors on NMSC. Conclusions: Most Italian dermatologists have positive views on oral photoprotection in skin cancer and are aware of the demonstrated potential of nicotinamide in the prevention of NMSCs.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging at Term Equivalent Age: Is There Value for the Preterm Infant? A Narrative Summary

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Rudaina Banihani ◽  
Judy Seesahai ◽  
Elizabeth Asztalos ◽  
Paige Terrien Church
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Injury ◽  
The Impact

Advances in neuroimaging of the preterm infant have enhanced the ability to detect brain injury. This added information has been a blessing and a curse. Neuroimaging, particularly with magnetic resonance imaging, has provided greater insight into the patterns of injury and specific vulnerabilities. It has also provided a better understanding of the microscopic and functional impacts of subtle and significant injuries. While the ability to detect injury is important and irresistible, the evidence for how these injuries link to specific long-term outcomes is less clear. In addition, the impact on parents can be profound. This narrative summary will review the history and current state of brain imaging, focusing on magnetic resonance imaging in the preterm population and the current state of the evidence for how these patterns relate to long-term outcomes.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Challenges on the Laboratory Detection of Lupus Anticoagulant

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Armando Tripodi
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Current State ◽  
Clinical Laboratories

Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is one of the three laboratory parameters (the others being antibodies to either cardiolipin or β2-glycoprotein I) which defines the rare but potentially devastating condition known as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Testing for LA is a challenging task for the clinical laboratory because specific tests for its detection are not available. However, proper LA detection is paramount for patients’ management, as its persistent positivity in the presence of (previous or current) thrombotic events, candidate for long term anticoagulation. Guidelines for LA detection have been established and updated over the last two decades. Implementation of these guidelines across laboratories and participation to external quality assessment schemes are required to help standardize the diagnostic procedures and help clinicians for appropriate management of APS. This article aims to review the current state of the art and the challenges that clinical laboratories incur in the detection of LA.

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