scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Sudanese Patients, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: The level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy is considered an important factor for early diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients attending Zeenam and Abdullah Khalil Diabetic Centers between June and September 2018. A convenience sample of diabetic patients was used. Information on the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, patients’ knowledge, compliance with available treatments, and routine eye examinations was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Patients were also asked about the barriers that may interfere with a regular eye examination. Results: A total of 200 patients were enrolled and 94 (47%) of them were female; 13% of the respondents were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, 31.5% were hypertensive, and 13.5% had hyperlipidemia. Additionally, 88.5% of the patients were aware that DM can affect their eyes and 87% had never been diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. Although around 83% thought that diabetic retinopathy could lead to blindness, only 35.5% of them had undergone fundus examination by ophthalmologists. Moreover, 39% of the participants had irregular diabetes follow-up and 43% monthly follow-up. Only 31% went for regular eye check-up; however, their compliance with routine retinal assessment was poor, with a total of 72.5% of participants assuming that they have good vision and need not get their eyes checked up regularly. The chief factor that was related to increased awareness of diabetic retinopathy in the study was the level of education. Conclusion: Although a large proportion of diabetic patients in Khartoum are aware that diabetes mellitus can affect their eyes, regular retinal assessment of patients was poor, thus hindering early diagnosis and management.

scholarly journals Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy among patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Ilorin, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Olokoba L B ◽  
Mahmud O A ◽  
Adepoju F G ◽  
Olokoba A B
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Male To Female

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness worldwide. The associated loss of productivity and quality of life of the patients with diabetic retinopathy will lead to additional socioeconomic burden. This study aims to determine the level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This hospital-based cross sectional study, was carried out at the Diabetic and Ophthalmology clinics of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria from November 2011 to July 2012. A total of 365<strong> </strong>patients had validated, semi-structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaires to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical information and awareness of diabetic retinopathy. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 365 patients were enrolled, with age between 19 and 90 years, and a mean of 45.8 ±16.3 years. The male to female ratio was 1: 2.2. Ninety-nine respondents (27.1%) had no education. The majority (30.4%) had only primary education; 21.1% had tertiary; 14.5% had secondary while 6.8% had Quranic education. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 14.1 ±13.09 years. Of the 365 patients with diabetes mellitus, 279(76.4%) had heard that diabetes mellitus affects the eyes, while 86(23.6%) had not. Of those who had heard, 221(79.2%) heard it from health personnel, 45(16.1%) from radio/television, 25(9.0%) from internet, 23(8.2%) from books/newspapers, while 16(5.7%) heard from other sources.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a high level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy amongst the patients. However, the high level of awareness of the blinding complication of diabetes mellitus did not translate to a correspondingly high level of ocular examination for diabetic retinopathy.  <strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Association of Retinopathy with Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Rushda Sharmin Binte Rouf ◽  
SM Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
Zafar Ahmed Latif
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Albumin Excretion Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy are two major complications of diabetes mellitus carrying significant morbidity and mortality. In this study DR was investigated in different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to find out possible association of these two devastating complications.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 150 diabetic patients having CKD in BIRDEM. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60ml/min/1.73m2and/or urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) >30 mg/day in at least two occasions in 3 months apart. Retinopathy was assessed by direct fundoscopic examination and confirmed by color fundus photography. Severe DR (SDR) included proliferative diabetic retinopathy, severe non-proliferative DR and maculopathy; whereas microaneurysm regarded as non-severe retinopathy.Results: Majority (68%) of the respondents had some form of retinopathy (38.35% SDR and 29.65% nonsevere). There was strong association between different levels of albuminuria (UAER) and DR (p<0.0001). On the contrary DR did not correspond with stages of CKD (P=0.349). Hypertension (79.5%) and dyslipidaemia (59%) were common co-morbidities.Conclusion: This study concluded that DR prevalence was more in nephropathy along with significant association with UAER. Whereas different stages of CKD was not associated with stages of DR . This finding focused the necessity of regular retinal examination irrespective of the stage of renal involvement.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(3): 210-214

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccination coverage in patients with diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Cordeiro Alves Arrelias ◽  
Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues ◽  
Letícia Cristina Lourenço de Lima ◽  
Anderson Soares da Silva ◽  
Nereida Kilza da Costa Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract OBJECTIVE Analyze the factors associated with full hepatitis B vaccination (three doses) in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHOD Cross-sectional study, conducted in a health unit in a city in the state of São Paulo, with 255 patients on outpatient follow-up, in 2014. Data were obtained from the computerized system of the Municipal Health Department and via a structured questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used for analysis. RESULTS Full hepatitis B vaccination was noted in 13.7% of the patients and shown to be directly associated with their educational level (OR=1.30; CI: 1.07-1.57) and current or previous work as a health professional (OR=3.21; CI: 1.16-8.89). CONCLUSION Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was found to be low in patients with diabetes mellitus, indicating their vulnerability to this serious and potentially fatal disease. Higher educational level and working in the field of health were associated with better vaccination coverage.

Direct Financial Cost of Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State 2016-2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elnil ◽  
Zeinab Swaraldahab ◽  
Sulaf Ibrahim Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Tight Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with devastating short and long-term complications that affect productivity. The corner stone for diabetes care is tight glycemic control with regular follow up. To achieve this care, medications and other health care services must be available and affordable. Objective: To estimate the direct cost of diabetes mellitus care among adult patients in Khartoum state. Methods: Cross-sectional study using multi-stage sampling technique to select the facilities proportional to population size. Patients were interviewed using questionnaire. Results: The total annual cost of Diabetes was estimated to be 3820 Sudanese pound (SDG) per person. Hospitalizations fees accounted for the major portion of the cost. Forty-seven percent of the patients were admitted with diabetes related problems during the previous year. One in four of the diabetic patients had no sufficient supply of medications. Conclusion: The total annual cost was significantly lower among those with regular follow up visits than those with irregular visits (P < 0.03). Emphasis should be put on providing affordable and available health services and medication especially at PHC level.

scholarly journals A study to assess the correlation between HbA1c and microalbuminuria among diabetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Sruthi Kare ◽  
Vishwanath N. Reddy ◽  
Thejdeep Mahamkali
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: India is one of the epicentres of the global diabetes mellitus pandemic. Rapid socioeconomic development and demographic changes, along with increased susceptibility for Indian individuals, have led to the explosive increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India over the past four decades. Diabetic Nephropathy is a common consequence of long-standing diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetic nephropathy has a dramatic increase on the morbidity and mortality of patients with diabetes. Objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus patients.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on T 2 diabetes mellitus patients visiting medicine OPD of R L Jalappa hospital constituent hospital of Sri Deveraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar from May 2016 to July 2016. A total of 60 type-2 diabetes patients were enrolled in the study.Results: Average duration of diabetes among study group was 8 years and most of the patients were between 6-10 years. In type 2DM patients, microalbuminuria and glycemic control have shown a significant linear correlation with duration of diabetes (p<0.05). Also, micro albuminuria has a significant correlation with increase in level of glycosylated haemoglobin.  Conclusions: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients was found to be high and being a developing country; there is a dire need that microalbuminuria and HbA1c testing should be done in both, newly diagnosed as well as already diagnosed type 2DM patients as an early marker of renal risk factor.

scholarly journals Rastreamento de doença renal em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus na atenção primaria de saúde [Kidney disease screening in patients with Diabetes Mellitus in primary health care] [Seguimiento de enfermedad renal en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus en la atención primaria de salud]

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e21495
Author(s):  
Edli Araújo Pinheiro Carvalho ◽  
Clarissa Cordeiro Alves Arrelias ◽  
Maria Lucia Zanetti ◽  
Carla Regina De Sousa Teixeira ◽  
Francineide Pereira da Silva Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Primary Care Health ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Care Health

Objetivo: determinar a ocorrência de albuminúria aumentada em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Método: estudo quantitativo e transversal. A amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 46 pacientes, atendidos em um serviço de atenção primaria de saúde, no município de Macapá, Amapá, em 2012. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de março a julho de 2012, utilizou-se formulário para registro das variáveis demográficas (sexo e idade) e clínicas (tratamento para o Diabetes Mellitus, hemoglobina glicada A1c, albuminúria de 24 horas e índice albumina-creatinina). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. O projeto foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: dos 46 participantes, 4,3% apresentaram albuminas aumentada no exame de urina de 24 horas e 19,6%, no índice albumina-creatinina. Conclusão:os resultados ratificam a importância do rastreamento anual de doença renal com vistas ao diagnóstico e tratamento precoce, no intuito de retardar a progressão da doença.ABSTRACTObjective: to determine the occurrence of elevated albumin in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Method: this quantitative, cross-sectional study considered a convenience sample of 46 patients treated at a primary care health service in Macapá, Amapá, in 2012. Data were collected from March to July 2012, using a form to record demographic (sex and age) and clinical variables (treatment for DM, HbA1c, 24-hour albuminuria and albumin-creatinine ratio). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The project was approved by the research ethics committee. Results: of the 46 patients with diabetes investigated, 4.3% had elevated albumin in 24-hour urinalysis and a 19,6% albumin-creatinine ratio. Conclusion: these results confirm the importance of annual screening for kidney disease with a view to early diagnosis and treatment in order to slow the progression of the disease.RESUMENObjetivo: determinar la presencia de albuminuria elevada en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Método: estudio cuantitativo y transversal. La muestra de conveniencia fue constituida por 46 pacientes, atendidos en un servicio de salud de atención primaria en la ciudad de Macapá, Amapá, en 2012. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar en el período de marzo a julio de 2012, se utilizó el formulario para el registro de las variables demográficas (sexo y edad) y clínicas (tratamiento para la Diabetes Mellitus, la Hemoglobina glicosilada A1c, la albuminuria de 24 horas y la relación albúmina-creatinina). Los datos se analizaron por medio de estadística descriptiva. El proyecto fue aprobado por Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: de los 46 pacientes investigados, el 4,3% presentó aumento de albuminas en el análisis de orina de 24 horas y el 19,6% en la tasa albúmina-creatinina. Conclusión: los resultados confirman la importancia del seguimiento anual de la enfermedad renal con vistas al diagnóstico y el tratamiento precoz, con el fin de retardar la progresión de la enfermedad.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy among Patients with Diabetes in Riyadh City.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Abdullah Al-Yahya ◽  
Abdulrahman Almizel ◽  
Alwaleed Mohammad Alsulaiman ◽  
Abdulrahman Mohammed barri ◽  
fadwa aladel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Riyadh City ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education And Awareness

Abstract Objective To identify the knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy among Saudi patients with diabetes in Riyadh Saudi Arabia.Methods A cross sectional study that was conducted in 50 randomly selected primary care centers and two university hospitals, involving diabetic patients that are 18 years and older during May 2018 and December 2018 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using a validated KAP-45 questionnaire to assess the KAP levels of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy.Results A total of 313 participants were enrolled in the study. Most of them 168(59.8%) were males and 38(12.3%) were illiterate and 141(45.4%) had at least a bachelor's degree. Most of them had a family history of DM and long standing history of DM The average knowledge score for diabetes was good and was suboptimal for diabetic retinopathy. While the attitude scores for both diabetes and diabetic retinopathy were suboptimal. Meanwhile the average practice score for diabetes was good and was low for diabetic retinopathy.Conclusions Findings observed in our study stress on the importance of improving education and awareness as it’s the key for controlling the disease and reducing its complications.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in a Tertiary Centre in Western Region, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Chandra Bahadur Pun ◽  
Sarita Tuladhar ◽  
Tirtha Lal Upadhyaya ◽  
Jamuna Gurung ◽  
Durga Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Diabetes Retinopathy

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disease. It has multiple complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, diabetes ketoacidosis, and stroke. Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the blinding complications of diabetes. This study was done to find out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients attending in the outpatient department (OPD) of internal medicine, Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital (GMCTHRC), Pokhara, Nepal. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed among the 200 diabetes mellitus patients attending in the medicine OPD from 15th December 2017 to 15thDecember 2018. They were referred to eye OPD of GMC. The detailed eye examination including fundus evaluation under mydriasis was done to all the patients. The diagnosis of DR was graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification (ETDRS). Patients having hypertension and other retinal diseases were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPPS) version 11.20. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.02 ±11.8 years. In our study 60.5% of the patients were male and 39.5% were female. Diabetes retinopathy was seen in 29.5% patients, of which non proliferative diabetes retinopathy (NPDR) was present in 19.5%, proliferative diabetes retinopathy (PDR) in 9.5% and 0.5% had diabetes maculopathy. Conclusion: The prevalence of DR is quite significant in the people with diabetes. Early diagnosis and management of retinopathy will help to avoid blindness due to the diabetic retinopathy.  

scholarly journals Nonadherence and Contributing Factors among Ambulatory Patients with Antidiabetic Medications in Adama Referral Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Kefale Gelaw ◽  
Abdela Mohammed ◽  
Gobezie Temesgen Tegegne ◽  
Amsalu Degu Defersha ◽  
Muluneh Fromsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of nonadherence and its contributing factors among diabetic patients attending the diabetic clinic in Adama Hospital.Methods.This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among patients with diabetes mellitus attending the diabetes mellitus clinic of Adama Referral Hospital. Every other patient was selected and data regarding their medication adherence was collected using a structured interview. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS-16.Result.The response rate from this study was 98.3%. A total of 270 patients were interviewed; 51.5% were males. A total of 68.1% of the patients included in the study were married. 14% were younger than 40 years, and 50% were between 40 and 60 years. 21.8% of the participants ascribed their nonadherence to forgetting to take their medications. Patients with duration of diabetes≤5 years (82.07%) were more compliant to their medication than those with>5 years (60.8%), which was found to be statistically significant(P=0.003). Insulin, 47%, and glibenclamide plus metformin, 43.7%, were the most commonly prescribed mono- and combination therapies, respectively. Common comorbid conditions include hypertension, 148 (54.82%), and visual impairment, 89 (32.96%). The proportion of male patients adherent to their antidiabetic medications was found to be lower than 69.78% compared to the female patients (74.81%), but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion.Most diabetic patients are currently being managed with the most effective available drugs. However the result from this study indicates that the desired blood sugar level could not be controlled and maintained adequately. This was because of poor adherence to the prescribed drug regimen and poor knowledge and practice of successful self-management.

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