scholarly journals Violation of the Statement Structure as a Communicative Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Rafail M. Tazapchiyan ◽  
Margarita V. Ereshchenko ◽  
Tatiana B. Mikheeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Specific Criterion ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
The Many ◽  
Further Development

Among the many barriers that impede the process of communication in a foreign language, we are particularly interested in those that impede the further development of the communication process, and sometimes make it practically impossible. Such barriers are called communicative failures, and the methodologist’s task is to develop a technology for identifying them in accordance with a specific criterion. The article specifies the success criterion of a communicative act. In the case of a productive speech act, communicative failures are often associated with the communicator’s improper planning of his/her speech behavior in the initial period of verbalization, in particular, the wrong choice of design, when the communicative and objective goals of the speech act do not correspond to the specific situational context within which this communicative act unfolds. By communicative failure itis understood such a failure incommunication when the communicative act does not fulfill its function. The task is analyzed, which involves filling out the questionnaire in the non-native language of the respondent, requiring fairly short and unambiguous answers. However, in some cases, as a result of the substitution of basic information with secondary (specifying) answers, they could be interpreted differently and, therefore, applied to various communicative situations. The following conclusion is made: a speech act, correlated with more than one context, provides a greater degree of freedom for the interpretation of its purpose and, therefore, allows various ways of reacting to its content. It is such an act that can be attributed to unsuccessful

scholarly journals Speech aspect of information behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 11014
Author(s):  
Rafail Tazapchiyan ◽  
Elena Shapovalova
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Information Behavior ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The One ◽  
Made In

This article is devoted to the analysis of information behavior based on the use of a natural language to obtain information by reading a literary text in a non-native language. One of the options for the result of such behavior is the so-called communication failures, which indicate obstacles in information retrieval. By communicative failures, the authors of the article mean a failure in the communication process, when the produced speech act does not fulfill its intended function, the addressee gets a greater degree of freedom to interpret the message sent to him, and his reaction may either not coincide with the one that was planned by the sender, or contradict it. In this case, culture acts as a regulator of information behavior as a set of values circulating in a social community. The mechanisms of the influence of culture on the mentioned behavior are stereotypes that exert a typifying influence on the activity of an individual. An attempt was made in the article to analyze the nature of the detected communication failures, as well as their typological description.

scholarly journals A communicative act as a main unit of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Communicative Act

The author, emphasizing the necessity of updating the content of the language education of non-philological foreign students of Ukrainian universities, performs a linguo-didactic analysis of the subject side of the content of the system of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language to non-philological students. Within the modern linguistic paradigm, the subject content of teaching a foreign language, in particular UFL, is considered a system of linguistic means (phonetic, lexical, grammatical, stylistic, socio-cultural, speech etiquette, rhetorical). In the conditions when the modern linguodidactic paradigm is dominated by communicative-activity and intercultural approaches and the consciously-practical method of teaching, aimed at ensuring that foreign students would master the content component of their language education, the following units of learning are recognized: sentences, expressions, texts, and dialogues. The need for updating the content component of the teaching system of UFL arises in connection with the requirements of the modern information society and new requirements for the tasks and results of teaching foreign languages. It has been found that the achievements of a relatively new theory of language communication will allow refining the components of the content of foreign language teaching, which will have an impact on improving the quality of language education of foreign non-philological students of Ukrainian universities. The submitted scientific research substantiates the choice of such a unit of study as a communicative act, which in the future allows reforming the educational process to attract foreign students to Ukrainian discourses. The author describes the structural-semantic components of the personal, verbal-cognitive, verbal and extraverbal levels of the communicative act as a fragment of the communication process within a certain communicative situation. The conclusion is made about the potentialities of the described parameters of the communicative act as a basis for updating the steady methodical principles of language material selection.

Pragmalinguistic Features of KFL Learners in the Speech Act of Request

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 151-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Sangpil Byon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Communicative Act

Abstract The purpose of this investigation is to identify and describe the interlanguage features of American KFL (Korean as a Foreign Language) learners with regard to the communicative act of request. For this study, 50 female KFL learners wereasked to write in Korean what they normally say when they carry out the speech act of request, in twelve different situations. Their Korean responses were compared to those of 50 female native speakers in order to identify deviations and problems, which the American KFL learners wereconfronted with when they try to acquire this particular communicative feature. The study identifies and discusses the pragmalinguistic shortcomings of the KFL learners, comparing the type and frequency of downgraders and the honorifics used by the KFL learners and by the Korean native speakers. The pragmalinguistic differences of the respective groups support the findings by Sohn ( 1986) that Koreans are more hierarchical and collectivistic than Americans, whereas Americans tend to be more egalitarian and individualisticthan Koreans.

Means of Realization of the Speech Act of Disagreement on the Material of the Russian and Persian Languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Hosein Gholami ◽  
Azade Vafai
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
The Russian Language

This article is devoted to the analysis of the speech act of disagreement and the ways of its expression in the Russian language. The relevance of this study is due to the increasing role of the study of speech acts of disagreement in the communication process and the necessity and importance of the study of means of implementation. Students studying a foreign language acquire a broad theoretical knowledge of the foreign language, but in practice they face many difficulties. In communication interference occurs. Interference inhibits the assimilation of a foreign language. In order to overcome the interference in learning a second language, it is necessary to pay attention to the pragmatic aspects of the language. This study shows that there are different direct and indirect ways of expressing disagreement.

Eye Movements of Children and Adults While Reading Television Subtitles

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Géry d'Ydewalle ◽  
Wim De Bruycker
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Verbal Information ◽  
Single Text ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Reading Patterns ◽  
Attentional System

Abstract. Eye movements of children (Grade 5-6) and adults were monitored while they were watching a foreign language movie with either standard (foreign language soundtrack and native language subtitling) or reversed (foreign language subtitles and native language soundtrack) subtitling. With standard subtitling, reading behavior in the subtitle was observed, but there was a difference between one- and two-line subtitles. As two lines of text contain verbal information that cannot easily be inferred from the pictures on the screen, more regular reading occurred; a single text line is often redundant to the information in the picture, and accordingly less reading of one-line text was apparent. Reversed subtitling showed even more irregular reading patterns (e.g., more subtitles skipped, fewer fixations, longer latencies). No substantial age differences emerged, except that children took longer to shift attention to the subtitle at its onset, and showed longer fixations and shorter saccades in the text. On the whole, the results demonstrated the flexibility of the attentional system and its tuning to the several information sources available (image, soundtrack, and subtitles).

English Vocabulary in the Mind of Student

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Suharyanto H Soro
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
English Class ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Mind

Lecturer plays an important role in teaching Englishas a foreign language, in spite of the success of teaching English itself depends on the many factors, one of them is students’ participation in the English class. In the other words, the teaching of English becomes useful and more systematically when the lecturer is fully aware of the aims and values of teaching of English subject since the core principle of any teaching  is “know what you do and only do what you know”. Hence it is essential to understand the aims and values of teaching English. In linguistics study,performance and competence are different, competence is study about language rules in the abstract form or one’s capacity to use a language, while performance is the application of one’s ability in the concrete form, or the actual application of this competence in speaking or listening. Chomsky (1965:18) said that  performance is the effect or the application of competence. Further he said that clearly, the actual data of linguistic performance will provide much evidence for determining the correctness of hypotheses about underlining linguistic structure. Notice the following figure. The data collection procedures in the present study are based on classroom participant observation, student interviews, and questionnaire  are the primary sources of data collection. As a point of departure, unstructured interviews conducted with English and students to gain initial understanding of the learning English as a foreign language. This also serves as a pilot study, paving the way for designing the guidelines for the semi structured individual interviews. Notes taken in these unstructured interviews were included in the data analysis. Taking lecture involves the lecturer and the students in formal setting. Lecturer is one who transfers special knowledge (English teaching materials) to his students in form of academic setting. They are engaged in academic norms, for example lecturer has qualified education (magister or doctorate degree) and the students  have already registered their status as a university student. The lecturer’s function is threefold. In the presentation stage of the material, the lecturer serves as a model, setting up situations in which the need for the target structure is created and modeling the new structure for students to repeat. The lecturer was required to be skillful manipulator, using questions, commands, and other cues to elicit correct sentences from the students. The students wanted the lecturer to give more opportunities for English practice. They can learn from mistakes and develop in real situation. Role play is one of methods can be applied in teaching English. The students like this methods (96%) because they can imitate and practice their English pronunciation.

The Inscriptions on the Gravestones in the Croatian Villages of Slovakia, Chunovo and Jarovce: The Specificity of Mixing Graphics Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Darya Yu. Vashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Funerary Monuments ◽  
Traditional Spelling ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Village

The article discusses the inscriptions on funerary monuments from the Croatian villages of Cunovo and Jarovce, located in the South of Slovakia, near Bratislava. These inscriptions reflect the complicated sociocultural situation in the region, which is particularly specific due to the fact that this territory was included to Slovakia’s territory only after 1946, while earlier the village was part of Hungary. In addition, the local Croatian ethnic group was actively in close contact with the German and Hungarian communities. At the same time, the orthographic norms of the literary Croatian, German, Hungarian, and Slovak languages, which could potentially be owned by the authors of the inscriptions, differ in many ways, despite the Latin alphabet used on all the gravestones. All this is reflected in the tombstones, representing a high degree of mixing codes. The article identifies the main types of fusion on the monuments: separate orthograms, writing the maiden name of the deceased in the spelling of her native language, the traditional spelling of the family name. In addition, the mixing of codes can be associated with writing feminitives, also order of name and surname within the anthroponym. Moreover, the settlements themselves represent different ethnic groups coexistence within the village. Gravestones from the respective cemeteries also differ from each other in the nature of the prevailing trend of the mixing codes. In Jarovce, where the ethnic groups live compactly, fusion is often presented as a separate foreign language orthograms. In Cunovo, where the ethnic groups constitute a global conglomerate, more traditional presents for a specific family spelling of the names on the monument.

Pengantar dan Survey Tentang Optical Music Recognition

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Kevin Purwito
Keyword(s):  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Music Recognition ◽  
Optical Character ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Music Recognition ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
The Many ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Music Symbol

This paper describes about one of the many extension of Optical Character Recognition (OCR), that is Optical Music Recognition (OMR). OMR is used to recognize musical sheets into digital format, such as MIDI or MusicXML. There are many musical symbols that usually used in musical sheets and therefore needs to be recognized by OMR, such as staff; treble, bass, alto and tenor clef; sharp, flat and natural; beams, staccato, staccatissimo, dynamic, tenuto, marcato, stopped note, harmonic and fermata; notes; rests; ties and slurs; and also mordent and turn. OMR usually has four main processes, namely Preprocessing, Music Symbol Recognition, Musical Notation Reconstruction and Final Representation Construction. Each of those four main processes uses different methods and algorithms and each of those processes still needs further development and research. There are already many application that uses OMR to date, but none gives the perfect result. Therefore, besides the development and research for each OMR process, there is also a need to a development and research for combined recognizer, that combines the results from different OMR application to increase the final result’s accuracy. Index Terms—Music, optical character recognition, optical music recognition, musical symbol, image processing, combined recognizer  

Analysis and typology of phonetic errors in the vocal speech of Italian speaking students

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Anna A. Kachanova ◽  
Valerio Fabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Phonetic Errors ◽  
Vocal Speech ◽  
Level Student

The relevance of the undertaken research is explained by the fact that phonetic skills and the absence of the phenomenon of errors at this level are important when teaching Russian as a foreign language to Italian speaking students. Researchers M.N. Shutov and I.A. Orekhova paid attention to this importance in their in-depth studies and other scientists. The purpose of this re-search is to analyze and typology of the phenomenon of errors at the phonetic level of Italian speaking students when teaching Russian as a foreign language. We concluded that, in practice, a B1 level student in monologue and dialogical speech, faced with difficulty in placing stress in a word, tries to find an analogue in his native language in consciousness (uses pure interlingual in-terference at the phonetic level) or tries to stress a word (in Russian), taking into account familiar rules (depending on the level of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document