scholarly journals Influence of Emotions on Decision-Making

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Cida Sanches ◽  
Michele Franco
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Situation ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Empirical Base ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

<p>The purpose of this study is to verify whether emotions and feelings influence the decisions of entrepreneurs differently in terms of gender using data collected via instruments i.e. questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The findings suggest that out of 13 factors under study, 8 showed significant differences in the responses given by the two groups: love, unfairness, compassion, dissension, individualism, insecurity, anger and surprise. Men tend to face a decision situation as an intellectual challenge. They avoid listening to other people and decide rapidly, as they understand these actions as a sign of capacity and independence. The results showed that male and female entrepreneurs are significantly affected by feelings and emotions. Women showed a greater tendency than men did towards the following factors: love, jealousy and dissension. This study contributes to the entrepreneurship liteature and broadens the empirical base of studies related to the influence of emotions and feelings of male and female entrepreneurs, providing a possible new perspective regarding decisions, taking into account the gender of the decision maker.</p>

Moving from situational awareness to decisions during disaster response: Transition to decision making

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Glick, PhD ◽  
Joseph A. Barbera, MD
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Data Elements

During major disasters, at what point in the decisional process do senior government officials transition from developing necessary situational awareness to perform decision making? This “transition to decision making” (TDM) concept was analyzed through a structured interview survey of 25 current and former US Federal Coordinating Officers (FCOs) and focused on their decision-making process during the initial response period in a Presidentially declared Stafford Act disaster. This analysis suggests that the TDM for these emergency leaders is influenced by the following five factors: 1) Analogue Factor: the decision maker’s previous knowledge and experience from analogous disaster situations; 2) New Paradigm Factor: the degree to which the disaster situation is very atypical to the decision maker due to hazard type and/or situation severity, 3) Data Capture Factor: the quality, amount, and speed of disaster situation data conveyed to the decision maker; 4) Data Integration Factor: the decision maker’s ability to integrate situational data elements into a mental framework/picture; and 5) Time Urgency Factor: the decision maker’s perception as to time available before a decision has to be made. The article describes the factors and graphs that how these may influence the timing of the TDM in four types of emergency situations faced by FCOs: 1) an analogue disaster, 2) a disaster situation that presents a new paradigm, 3) an intuitive disaster situation, and 4) a disaster requiring an urgent response.

Gender differences in follower behavior: An experimental study of reactions to ambitious decision makers

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Larimer ◽  
Rebecca J. Hannagan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Male Behavior ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Actual Decision

This study investigates whether observers react negatively to overly ambitious leaders, focusing on whether women are more sensitive than men in their perceptions of the traits of decision makers and whether men and women behave differently as a result of such perceptions. Results from two laboratory experiments show how participants react to ambitious decision makers in simple bargaining scenarios. The results indicate that observers tend to equate ambition for decision-making authority with self-interested, unfair, male behavior. Moreover, observers tend to be less satisfied with a decision made by an ambitious decision maker compared to the same decision made by an unambitious decision maker. That is, people generally dislike ambitious decision makers independent of the actual decision that is made. Further, there are important differences in male and female expectations of what decision makers will do that, when combined with perceptions of decision-maker gender, have more nuanced implications for outcome satisfaction and our understanding of “follower behavior.”

scholarly journals Household Matters: Revisiting the Returns to Capital among Female Microentrepreneurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arielle Bernhardt ◽  
Erica Field ◽  
Rohini Pande ◽  
Natalia Rigol
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Financial Returns ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Multiple Field ◽  
Returns On Investment

Multiple field experiments report positive financial returns to capital shocks for male and not female microentrepreneurs. But these analyses overlook the fact that female entrepreneurs often reside with male entrepreneurs. Using data from experiments in India, Sri Lanka, and Ghana, we show that the observed gender gap in microenterprise responses does not reflect lower returns on investment, when measured at the household level. Instead, the absence of a profit response among female-run enterprises reflects the fact that women’s capital is typically invested into their husband’s enterprise. We cannot reject equivalence of household-level income gains for male and female capital shock recipients. (JEL G31, J16, L25, L26, O12, O16)

scholarly journals A qualitative exploration of proxy decision makers’ expectations of prescribed medications for people with advanced dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridgeen McCloskey ◽  
Carmel Hughes ◽  
Carole Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Prescribed Medicines ◽  
The Impact

Background: Proxy decision makers often have to make decisions for people with advanced dementia. Their expectations regarding prescribed medications have the potential to influence prescription or withdrawal of medications. However, few studies to date have explored this. Aim: To explore proxy decision makers’ expectations of prescribed medications for people with advanced dementia and to consider how these change with changing goals of care and dementia progression. Design: This is a qualitative semi-structured interview study. Setting/participants: In total, 15 proxy decision makers of people with advanced dementia were recruited via general practitioners ( n = 9), Join Dementia Research ( n = 3) and the Alzheimer’s Society Northern Ireland ( n = 3). Results: Five key themes emerged: the role as advocate, attitudes to medicines and medicine taking, uncertainty over the benefit of anti-dementia medications, stopping medications, and communication and decision-making. Proxy decision makers desired more information about prescribed medicines, particularly the indications, benefits and risks of treatment. Despite uncertainty about the benefits of anti-dementia medications, proxy decision makers were reluctant for these medications to be withdrawn. Reluctance to stop other prescribed medicines was also expressed but reduced with changing goals of care and dementia progression. Although some proxy decision makers expected to be involved in medication-related decisions, the majority preferred to delegate these decisions to healthcare professionals. However, they expected to be informed of any medication-related decisions made. Conclusion: Proxy decision makers vary in terms of their desire for active involvement in the medication decision-making process. Healthcare professionals should facilitate proxy decision maker involvement if desired. Further research is required to consider the impact of proxy decision maker involvement in decision-making.

scholarly journals Male and female entrepreneurs’ employment growth ambitions: the contingent role of regulatory efficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pourya Darnihamedani ◽  
Siri Terjesen
Keyword(s):  
Employment Growth ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Price Controls ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hiring And Firing

Abstract Entrepreneurs start and grow their ventures in a widely varying set of institutional contexts. One differentiator is a country’s regulatory efficiency which encompasses the freedom to start and to run a business without excessive government interventions around registering, hiring, and firing employees, and price controls on currency. The efficiency of regulations varies substantially among countries and imposes additional costs and risks on entrepreneurs’ activities. We integrate insights from institutional theory and recent literature on gender and entrepreneurship to better understand how a country’s regulatory efficiency affects male and female entrepreneurs’ employment growth ambitions. We explore three aspects of regulatory efficiency: business freedom (e.g., to start, operate, and close a venture), labor freedom (e.g., laws around minimum wage, layoffs, severance), and monetary freedom (e.g., price stability) using data from over 47,000 entrepreneurs in 68 countries. We find that entrepreneurs’ growth ambitions are higher in countries with more efficient regulations, particularly those countries characterized by fewer labor law restrictions and greater monetary freedoms. These findings are further exacerbated by gender by such that, relative to their female counterparts, male entrepreneurs have significantly greater venture growth ambitions. Our paper contributes to the discussion on how formal institutions influence women and men entrepreneurs in distinct ways.

Leaders, Decisions, and the Neuro-Knowledge System

2010 ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Alex Bennet ◽  
David Bennet
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Basic Property ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Decision Situation ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
Complex Decision

Every decision-maker has a self-organizing, hierarchical set of theories (and consistent relationship among those theories) that guide their decision-making process. In support of this thesis the authors explore the following: (1) the development of invariant hierarchical patterns removed from the context and content of a specific situation; (2) the connections among values, beliefs, assumptions and those patterns (a personal theory); and (3) the robustness of those patterns and connections in a complex decision situation. These focus areas are addressed through the following chapter sections: baseline definitions; surface, shallow and deep knowledge; the decision-making process; decision-making viewed from outside the decision-maker; decision-making viewed from inside the decision-maker; anticipating the outcome of actions; hierarchy as a basic property of the decision-making system; advanced decisionmaking: the cortex; and final thoughts. It is also forwarded that the workings of our mind/brain provide a model for decision-making in a complex situation.

Centralization and Effectiveness of Reward Management in Multinational Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tekieli ◽  
Marion Festing ◽  
Xavier Baeten
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Role Identities ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Subsidiary Managers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Based on responses from 158 reward managers located at the headquarters or subsidiaries of multinational enterprises, the present study examines the relationship between the centralization of reward management decision making and its perceived effectiveness in multinational enterprises. Our results show that headquarters managers perceive a centralized approach as being more effective, while for subsidiary managers this relationship is moderated by the manager’s role identity. Referring to social identity theory, the present study enriches the standardization versus localization debate through a new perspective focusing on psychological processes, thereby indicating the importance of in-group favoritism in headquarters and the influence of subsidiary managers’ role identities on reward management decision making.

STRATEGI MAKSIMALISASI ANGGARAN BELANJA PADA BALAI PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN KEHUTANAN MANOKWARI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Hasan ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim ◽  
Irdika Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
The Third ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to analyze causes of the low uptake of the budget and formulate a strategy of maximizing the absorption of expenditure on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Respondents involved are 20 people that consist of: treasury officials and holder output of activity. The data used were secondary data in the form of reports on budget realization (LRA) quarter I, II, III and IV of the fiscal year 2011 to 2015, and the primary data were in the form of interviews with the help of a questionnaire. While the analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis using data tabulation, and the analysis of the three stages strategy of the decision making used IFE and EFE matrix, SWOT matrix and QSPM matrix.The results showed that there are 19 factors causing low of budget absorption until the end of the third quarter, and there were 10 drafts of policy as a strategy for maximizing the absorption of the budget on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja dan merumuskan strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja pada Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Responden yang terlibat adalah 20 orang yaitu pejabat perbendaharaan dan pemegang output kegiatan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan realisasi anggaran (LRA) triwulan I, II, III dan IV tahun anggaran 2011 sampai 2015, dan data primer berupa wawancara dengan bantuan kuesioner. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif menggunakan analisis tabulasi, dan analisis analisis strategi tiga tahap pengambilan keputusan menggunakan matriks IFE dan EFE, matriks SWOT dan matriks QSPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 19 faktor penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja sampai akhir triwulan III, dan terdapat 10 rancangan kebijakan sebagai strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja di Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.

Influence of Confucian culture on entrepreneurial decision making using data from China's floating population

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ran Xiong ◽  
Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Confucian culture has had a deep-rooted influence on Chinese thinking and behavior for more than 2,000 years. With a manually created Confucian culture database and the 2017 China floating population survey, we used empirical analysis to test the relationship between Confucian culture and individual entrepreneurial choice using data obtained from China's floating population. After using the presence and number of Confucian schools and temples, and of chaste women as instrumental variables to counteract problems of endogeneity, we found that Confucian culture had a significant role in promoting individuals' entrepreneurial decision making among China's floating population. The results showed that, compared with those from areas of China not strongly influenced by Confucian culture, individuals from areas that are strongly influenced by Confucian culture were more likely to choose entrepreneurship as their occupation choice. Our findings reveal cultural factors that affect individual entrepreneurial behavior, and also illustrate the positive role of Confucianism as a representative of the typical cultures of the Chinese nation in the 21st century.

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