“Peer Teaching Strategy To Increase Mathematics Proficiency Level” (An Action Research) (Eastern Samar State University)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Bituaran Lacaba ◽  
Jason D. Magalona ◽  
Teresita Villa G. Lacaba
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Peer Teaching ◽  
Teaching Intervention ◽  
Percentage Score ◽  
School Year ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

Peer Teaching/tutoring is used as school-based intervention that has been shown to improve academic skills, generate development of appropriate social skills, and enhance peer relations for both tutees and tutors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of a peer teaching/tutoring program in mathematics on the academic achievement level of Grade 3 pupils in Lupok Central School. This study aimed to analyse peer teaching as an intervention strategy that will increase the performance among Grade 3 Mathematics pupils at Lupok Central School, Guiuan North District, Guiuan Eastern Samar through the 1st and 4th Grading periods of School Year 2017 - 2018. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: What is the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the beginning of 1st Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 before peer teaching intervention? What is the Mean Percentage Score in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the end of 4th Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 after peer teaching intervention? Is there a Significant difference before and after the intervention program? What intervention program may be proposed based on the findings of the study? Based on the data gathered/collected from the class adviser of Grade 3 Section Bougainvillea in Lupok Central School, the result of base line MPS from 1st Grading period specifically in mathematics subject is 74.22 which is considered below the 75% proficiency level.   The result showed a radical increase in Mean Percentage Score in mathematics subject after the intervention was given to the Grade 3 pupils with the previous result of 74.22% from the 1st Grading into 82.11% MPS result in the 4th Grading period. The results of the study further revealed that the implementation of Peer teaching strategy has a positive effect in increasing the academic performance in mathematics of Grade 3 pupils.  There was 7.89% increase in MPS for mathematics subject from the first grading to the fourth grading period.

scholarly journals Osteoarthritis Severely Decreases the Elasticity and Hardness of Knee Joint Cartilage: A Nanoindentation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieloch ◽  
Richter ◽  
Trzeciak ◽  
Giersig ◽  
Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Insight Into

The nanoindentation method was applied to determine the elastic modulus and hardness of knee articular cartilage. Cartilage samples from both high weight bearing (HWB) and low weight bearing (LWB) femoral condyles were collected from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). The mean elastic modulus of HWB cartilage was 4.46 ± 4.44 MPa in comparison to that of the LWB region (9.81 ± 8.88 MPa, p < 0.001). Similarly, the hardness was significantly lower in HWB tissue (0.317 ± 0.397 MPa) than in LWB cartilage (0.455 ± 0.434 MPa, p < 0.001). When adjusted to patients’ ages, the mean elastic modulus and hardness were both significantly lower in the age group over 70 years (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference in mechanical parameters was also found in grade 3 and 4 OA. This study provides an insight into the nanomechanical properties of the knee articular cartilage and provides a starting point for personalized cartilage grafts that are compatible with the mechanical properties of the native tissue.

scholarly journals Use of digital game therapy among elderly persons undergoing dialytic treatment: cognitive aspects and depressive symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-455
Author(s):  
Sirlei Ricarte Bento ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽  
Vânia Paula de Almeida Neris ◽  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Game ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective :to evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive disorders before and after an intervention program with a digital therapeutic game among elderly persons undergoing hemodialysis. Method: a quasi-experimental study was carried out with 26 elderly patients on hemodialysis. For the data collection, a questionnaire relating to sociodemographic and health conditions, the Geriatric Depression Scale - 15 items and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised were used. The intervention with the digital therapeutic game was performed over 5 sessions. Results: of the participants, 80.8% were male, with a mean age of 66.7 (± 5.8) years. The mean pre-intervention depressive symptom score was 3.9 (± 3.0) while post-intervention it was 2.8 (± 2.9), representing a statistically significant difference (p = 0.005). Regarding cognitive function, there was no statistically significant difference before and after the intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of the depressive symptom scores, which were lower after the intervention. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean of the cognitive assessments. Conclusion: intervention studies with patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment are still scarce and this study describes the positive results of an intervention with a digital therapeutic game, demonstrating improvement in the depressive symptoms of the participants.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic Debridement and Autologous Micronized Adipose Tissue Injection in the Treatment of Advanced-Stage Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis of the Ankle

Cartilage ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 194760352094636
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Shimozono ◽  
John F. Dankert ◽  
John G. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Arthroscopic Debridement ◽  
Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

Objective To evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of autologous micronized adipose tissue (MAT) with ankle arthroscopic debridement in patients with advanced-stage posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) of ankle. Design A retrospective cohort study investigating patients treated with arthroscopic debridement and autologous MAT injection for ankle PTOA was performed. Patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 3 to 4 were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Outcome Scores (FAOS), and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results A total of 19 patients (19 ankles) were included (KL grade 3, 8 patients; grade 4, 11 patients). At a mean follow-up time of 14.3 months (range, 7-23 months), the mean FAOS subscales for pain and quality of life significantly increased from 48.8 and 20.1 preoperatively to 61.1 and 30.1 ( P = 0.029 and 0.048, respectively). The mean VAS score significantly improved from 6.1 to 3.8 (P = 0.003) at final follow-up. A total of 10.5% (2/19) of patients were very satisfied, 31.6% (6/19) satisfied, 26.3% (5/19) neutral, 21.1% (4/19) unsatisfied, and 10.5% (2/19) very unsatisfied with their outcomes. The overall FAOS score demonstrated a significant difference in pre- to postoperative change with 14.8 for KL grade 3 and 5.9 for KL grade 4 ( P = 0.048). Conclusions Autologous MAT injection is a safe and potentially beneficial procedure for advanced-stage ankle PTOA as an adjunct to arthroscopic debridement, although more than one-third of patients were unsatisfied with the procedure. This procedure may be more beneficial for KL grade 3 patients than grade 4 patients. However, future investigations are necessary to define the role of MAT for ankle PTOA.

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POE2WE MODEL USING SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN LINEAR LEARNING IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Nana Nana
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Model Learning ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pbl Model

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong><strong> </strong>This research aimed to find out and to analyze the difference between the students receiving learning using the scientific approach with POE<sub>2</sub>WE model and those receiving PBL learning model, and to find out the model effectiveness of Physical learning in Senior High Schools. The sample of research was the students of Senior High Schools in Ciamis Regency taken randomly (using a random sampling technique). The research method employed was a comparative study conducted in several schools in Ciamis Regency becoming the model of the 2013 curriculum application in the school year of 2013/2014 in the Linear Movement Material of Tenth Grade. To collect the data, several research instruments were used: pre-test and post-test, student questionnaire, observation on the implementation of POE<sub>2</sub>WE model learning and interview to get the teachers’ response. The data were analyzed using the t-test to see the difference of normalized gain in two groups. The result of research showed that there was a significant difference the students receiving learning using a scientific approach with POE<sub>2</sub>WE model and those receiving PBL learning model. The data showed that the mean scores of pretest and posttest for the learning using POE<sub>2</sub>WE model and the one using the PBL model were 42.50 and 29.93, respectively and there was an increase in the mean class learning outcome with N-gain = 0.8 (high category) for POE<sub>2</sub>WE model and N-gain = 0.5 (medium category) for the PBL model. The effectiveness test obtained Sign value (2-tailed) (0.000) &lt; α (0.05) meaning that POE<sub>2</sub>WE model was more effective than the PBL model.</p>

scholarly journals Self-Esteem and Collective Self-Esteem Among Adolescents: An Interventional Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shraddha Sharma ◽  
Surila Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Collective Self Esteem

Present research was conducted with the purpose to study the effectiveness of behavioural intervention program in enhancing the self-esteem and collective self-esteem among adolescents. The research was conducted on 74 subjects in the age range of 17-23 years. Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE; Rosenberg, 1965) and Collective self-esteem scale developed by Luhtanen and Crocker (1992) were used to measure self-esteem and collective self-esteem respectively. A self-structured behavioural intervention program was administered for three months to enhance low level of self-esteem and low level of collective self-esteem among subjects. In the interventional program, teachers and parents were requested to cooperate. Pre- and post-test design was used. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was applied to test the significance of difference between pre-intervention scores and post-intervention scores of self-esteem and collective self-esteem. The results showed that the mean self-esteem score in pre-measure was 11.31, which increased to 17.42 in post measure andZvalue was -7.51 that was significant at .01 level. It suggests that there is significant difference between pre-intervention self-esteem score and post-intervention self-esteem score. Further, the results showed that the mean collective self-esteem score was 34.73 in pre-intervention measure which increased to 53.47 in post-intervention measure. The obtainedZvalue for collective self-esteem was -7.57 that was also significant at .01 level. It suggests that there is significant difference between pre-intervention collective self-esteem scores and post-intervention collective self-esteem scores. Thus, the results proved the effectiveness of interventional program in enhancing self-esteem and collective self-esteem.

scholarly journals Kis méretű vesedaganatok patológiai és biológiai jellemzőinek elemzése a tumorméret alapján

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (42) ◽  
pp. 1693-1697
Author(s):  
Csaba Berczi ◽  
Zsolt Bacsó ◽  
László Bidiga ◽  
Judit Nagy ◽  
Tibor Flaskó
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Size ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A kis méretű vesedaganatok között lényegesen gyakoribbak a benignus elváltozások, és a kis malignus tumorok biológiai tulajdonságai is kedvezőbbek, mint a nagyobb daganatokéi. Célkitűzés: Szerzők a kis méretű vesetumorok tulajdonságait vizsgáltuk különböző alcsoportokban. Módszer: 2000. január 1. és 2015. január 1. között 1272 beteg esetén végeztünk műtétet vesedaganat miatt. Közülük 496 betegnek volt kis méretű vesetumora. A betegek átlagéletkora 59 ± 12 év volt. A betegeket a tumorméret alapján három csoportba osztottuk. Az 1. csoportban a daganat mérete ≤4 cm, a 2. csoportban ≤3 cm és a 3. csoportban ≤2 cm volt. Eredmények: Az eltávolított daganat nagysága átlagosan 29 ± 8 mm volt. A szövettan 418 esetben (84%) malignus, míg 78 alkalommal (16%) benignus elváltozást mutatott. A 2 cm-nél kisebb daganatoknál malignitás csak az esetek 73,2%-ában fordult elő. A malignus és a benignus tumorok méretében szignifikáns eltérés volt (p = 0,008). Rosszul differenciált daganat – grade 3. és 4. – az esetek 10,8%-ában, 14,4%-ában, illetve 20,7%-ában volt jelen, amikor a tumorméret kisebb mint 2 cm, 2,1–3 cm, illetve 3,1–4,0 cm volt. A vesecarcinomáknál az átlagosan 10 éves utánkövetési idő alatt progresszió az esetek 5,5%-ában fordult elő. Következtetés: A kis méretű vesetumor az összes vesedaganat 39%-át tette ki. Ezek nagy része malignus volt, és benignus elváltozás az esetek 16%-ában fordult elő. A malignitás előfordulása a 2 cm-nél kisebb tumoroknál volt a legalacsonyabb. A tumorméret szoros összefüggést mutatott a malignitás gyakoriságával és a daganat differenciáltságával. A kedvező patológiai és biológiai eredmények alapján a 2 cm alatti daganatoknál felmerül annak lehetősége, hogy esetükben az aktív követés vagy minimálisan invazív kezelés alkalmazása kerüljön előtérbe. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1693–1697. Summary. Introduction: The incidence of benign lesions is more common in small renal masses (SRMs) and biological behavior of small malignancies is better compared to larger ones. Objective: The authors measured the characteristics of SRMs in different subgroups. Method: From January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2015, 1272 patients underwent surgery for renal tumors. In 496 of the 1272 cases, the patients had SRMs. The mean age of the patients was 59 ± 12 years. Based on the sizes, the SRMs were divided into three groups. The sizes of the renal tumors were ≤4 cm in Group 1, ≤3 cm in Group 2 and ≤2 cm in Group 3. Results: The mean diameter of the removed SRMs was 29 ± 8 mm. Histology confirmed renal cell carcinoma in 418 cases (84%), while benign tumor was present in 78 patients (16%). However, with the tumor size ≤2 cm, malignancy was detected in 73.2% of the cases. There was a significant difference in the sizes of the malignant and the benign masses (p = 0.008). Grade 3 or 4 tumors were present in 10.8%, 14.4% and 20.7% when the tumor size was ≤2 cm, 2.1 to 3 cm, and 3.1 to 4 cm in diameter, respectively. During the mean 10-year follow-up period, tumor progression was detected only in 5.5% of malignancies. Conclusion: In 39% of all cases, the patients had SRMs. The majority of SRMs were malignant, and benign lesion occurred only in 16% of the cases. The incidence of malignant tumors was the lowest when the size of SRMs was ≤2 cm. The size of the tumor was highly associated with probability of malignancy and tumor grading. Based on the favorable pathological and biological results in tumors below 2 cm, active surveillance or minimally invasive treatment could be the preferred management. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1693–1697.

scholarly journals Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) and Jigsaw: Which is More Effective on EFL Reading

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizal Arisman
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Jigsaw Method ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this research was to find out the significant difference of two learning method from cooperative learning; those are Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) and Jigsaw method and which method is more effective in EFL reading comprehension. This research used a quantitative approach by applying a quasi-experimental method. The data were collected from two classes at grade eight students of SMP Negeri 3 Baubau, Southeast Sulawesi in the school year of 2018/2019 using test. The test was applied twice; those were pretest and posttest for each class. The results indicated that there was not any significant difference in EFL reading comprehension between CIRC and Jigsaw group. But, the range between pretest and posttest for each class indicated the Jigsaw method was more effective than the CIRC group since the mean score of EFL reading comprehension in Jigsaw group was greater than the CIRC group.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Strategic Intervention Material in Mathematics as Remediation for Grade 9 Students in Solving Problems Involving Quadratic Functions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Myrell P. Dumigsi ◽  
Jem Boy B. Cabrella
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Year ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) in Mathematics as remediation for Grade 9 students in solving problems involving quadratic functions. The SIM was designed as a remediation tool for students in teaching one of the least learned competencies. It was personally conducted by the researcher in Digos City NHS – Igpit HS Annex, Igpit, Digos City, Davao del Sur, Philippines during the School Year 2016-2017. A total of 16 Grade 9 students were the respondents of the study. Quasi-experimental design was used. The data were gathered using the researcher-made pretest and posttest. Frequency, relative frequency, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the academic achievement of students in problem solving involving quadratic functions. One-way analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was utilized to test if the significant difference existed between the experimental and the control groups. Findings revealed that the proficiency level of Grade 9 students in the posttest when remediated using the SIM was “satisfactory”; while the students remediated with the Grade 9 Learner’s Material was described as “did not meet expectations.” A significant difference in the academic achievement of students on the topic in favor of the experimental group was noted; hence, the Strategic Intervention Material in Mathematics was found effective as a remediation tool for Grade 9 students in solving problems involving quadratic functions. Recommendations were offered.

High Readmission Rates Are Associated with a Significant Economic Burden and Poor Outcome in Patients with Grade 3/4 Acute GvHD

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2061-2061
Author(s):  
Fiona L Dignan ◽  
Michael N Potter ◽  
Mark E Ethell ◽  
Joy Brennan ◽  
Louise McNamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Readmission Rate ◽  
Acute Gvhd ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Johnson Company

Abstract Abstract 2061 The impact of graft versus host disease (GvHD) on readmission rates following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has not been reported. We hypothesised that patients with GvHD would have a higher readmission rate than patients without GvHD. To test this hypothesis a retrospective review was undertaken of 187 consecutive patients who underwent allogeneic SCT from 1/1/2006 to 30/4/2009 at the Royal Marsden Hospital, UK. Data were collected from the electronic patient record. The study was approved by the hospital audit committee. Patient characteristics: male 113(60%), median age 47 yrs (17–70), diagnosis: acute leukaemia 123 (66%), chronic leukaemia 22 (12%), lymphoma 23 (12%), myeloma 12 (6%), other 7 (4%), donor: sibling 60 (32%), unrelated 115 (61.5%), cord 12 (6.5%), stem cell source: PBSC: 158 (84.5%), BM 17 (9%), cord 12 (6.5%); donor sex: M 111(59.5%), F 64 (34%), cord 12 (6.5%); match: full 130 (69.5%), mismatch 45 (24%), cord 12 (6.5%), conditioning intensity: full 73 (39%), reduced 114 (61%); use of alemtuzumab 113 (60%); GvHD prophylaxis: cyclosporine 116 (62%), mycophenolate 32 (17%), cyclosporine and methotrexate 26 (14%), other 13 (7%). Median follow up was 3.8 (2.2–5.5) yrs from transplant. 118/187 (63%) of patients developed GvHD. There was no significant difference between patients with or without GvHD except for increased use of alemtuzumab in the non-GvHD group (71% v 54%, p=0.024). GvHD was diagnosed clinically at the transplant centre. Biopsies were undertaken if the diagnosis was unclear. Glucksberg criteria were used to stage acute GvHD (aGvHD). NIH criteria were used to diagnose chronic GvHD (cGvHD). 45/118 (38%) had biopsy-proven GvHD. 88/187 (47%) had aGvHD (grades: 1 – 17 (9%), 2 – 43 (23%), 3 – 15 (8%), 4 –13 (7%)). 58/187 (31%) of patients had cGvHD. 36/187 (19%) had both acute and chronic GvHD (52 (29%) had aGvHD alone, 22 (12%) had cGvHD alone). 8 developed GvHD following donor lymphocyte infusion. 104/118 (88%) required steroid treatment. 61/118 (52%) commenced steroids within 100 days of transplant. 61/118 (52%) were steroid refractory. 5 patients had received a second allogeneic transplant for relapse to induce GvHD and graft versus malignancy effect. The median duration of initial transplant admission was 31 days (20–138) in GvHD group compared to 32 days (16–103) in non GvHD group (p=NS). 14 patients died during initial admission (5 in GvHD group, 9 in non-GvHD group) and were excluded from readmission analysis. The overall readmission rate was higher in GvHD patients (89% (101/113) v 41/60 (68%), p=0.001). In the first 100 days post transplant, 42/56 (75%) of patients who had started steroids were readmitted compared to 60/117 (51%) in patients who started steroids after day 100 or had no GvHD (p=0.003).Critical care unit admission was higher in the GvHD group (38/113 (34%) v 7/60 (12%),p=0.002). The mean total number of admission days was higher in the GvHD group (42 days v 18 days, p<0.001). 337/455 (74%) of readmission episodes and 231/305 (76%) of infection-related admissions were in the GvHD group. Patients with grade 3/4 GvHD had a higher readmission rate (96%) than grade 1/2 GvHD patients (88%) or patients with no aGvHD (74%). The mean total number of admission days was 57 days in grade 3/4 GvHD compared to 37 days in grade 1/2 GvHD. (p=0.054). Costs were calculated based on the 2010 hospital tariff (€600/inpatient day and €2295/CCU day). The mean cost of readmission was higher in GvHD patients (€32217) than in non-GvHD patients (€15622) (p=0.003). Mean cost was higher in grade3/4 GvHD (€44535) than in grade 1/2 GvHD (€27001) (p=0.032). These figures do not include drug or procedural costs. Overall survival was 42% at 2 years. Survival was higher in the GvHD group (48%) than in the non GvHD group (30%) (p=0.006). Survival was higher in those with grade 1/2 GvHD (55%) compared to those with grade 3 or 4 GvHD (14%) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in survival in those with grade 1/2 GvHD (55%) and those with no GvHD (43%) (p=0.15). In conclusion, patients with GvHD had significantly higher readmission rates and longer duration of admission than those without GvHD. Despite the high readmission rate, patients with grades 1/2 GvHD had improved survival. Patients with grade 3/4 GvHD had a very high level of readmission and poor outcome. Improving strategies for managing GvHD may help to reduce post transplant readmission rates and the associated burden on the healthcare system. Disclosures: Dignan: Therakos, a Johnson and Johnson company: Honoraria, Research Funding. Shaw:Therakos, a Johnson and Johnson company: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

scholarly journals Role of daily anal stimulation for intractable functional constipation in infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e000135
Author(s):  
Tianqi Zhu ◽  
Xiaoyi Sun ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Qian You ◽  
Xiaoting Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stool Form ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveFunctional constipation is one of the most common problems in pediatric gastroenterology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of daily anal stimulation in infants with intractable functional constipation (IFC). Our evaluation was based on clinical improvement and on changes in manometric parameters through time.MethodsInfants with IFC treated between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Treatment processing included daily anal stimulation for infants and psychological counseling for parents. All cases underwent a complete intervention program and were evaluated for improvement in symptoms and for changes in anorectal manometry within 1 year of follow-up.ResultsA total of 161 patients were included in this study. Positive response was achieved in all patients. Frequency of defecation, change in stool form and decrease in the defecatory pain were significantly relieved in all infants after intervention. On anorectal manometry, no significant difference was found in the peristaltic frequency of distal rectum before and after treatment. There was a significant increase in the mean amplitude of peristalsis and improvement in the rhythm after intervention. In the 1 year of follow-up, three patients had recurrence of constipation requiring colectomy.ConclusionIn terms of the high clinical efficacy and limited side effects, daily anal stimulation may be included in the initial part of an intervention program for IFC in infants.

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