Kis méretű vesedaganatok patológiai és biológiai jellemzőinek elemzése a tumorméret alapján

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A kis méretű vesedaganatok között lényegesen gyakoribbak a benignus elváltozások, és a kis malignus tumorok biológiai tulajdonságai is kedvezőbbek, mint a nagyobb daganatokéi. Célkitűzés: Szerzők a kis méretű vesetumorok tulajdonságait vizsgáltuk különböző alcsoportokban. Módszer: 2000. január 1. és 2015. január 1. között 1272 beteg esetén végeztünk műtétet vesedaganat miatt. Közülük 496 betegnek volt kis méretű vesetumora. A betegek átlagéletkora 59 ± 12 év volt. A betegeket a tumorméret alapján három csoportba osztottuk. Az 1. csoportban a daganat mérete ≤4 cm, a 2. csoportban ≤3 cm és a 3. csoportban ≤2 cm volt. Eredmények: Az eltávolított daganat nagysága átlagosan 29 ± 8 mm volt. A szövettan 418 esetben (84%) malignus, míg 78 alkalommal (16%) benignus elváltozást mutatott. A 2 cm-nél kisebb daganatoknál malignitás csak az esetek 73,2%-ában fordult elő. A malignus és a benignus tumorok méretében szignifikáns eltérés volt (p = 0,008). Rosszul differenciált daganat – grade 3. és 4. – az esetek 10,8%-ában, 14,4%-ában, illetve 20,7%-ában volt jelen, amikor a tumorméret kisebb mint 2 cm, 2,1–3 cm, illetve 3,1–4,0 cm volt. A vesecarcinomáknál az átlagosan 10 éves utánkövetési idő alatt progresszió az esetek 5,5%-ában fordult elő. Következtetés: A kis méretű vesetumor az összes vesedaganat 39%-át tette ki. Ezek nagy része malignus volt, és benignus elváltozás az esetek 16%-ában fordult elő. A malignitás előfordulása a 2 cm-nél kisebb tumoroknál volt a legalacsonyabb. A tumorméret szoros összefüggést mutatott a malignitás gyakoriságával és a daganat differenciáltságával. A kedvező patológiai és biológiai eredmények alapján a 2 cm alatti daganatoknál felmerül annak lehetősége, hogy esetükben az aktív követés vagy minimálisan invazív kezelés alkalmazása kerüljön előtérbe. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1693–1697. Summary. Introduction: The incidence of benign lesions is more common in small renal masses (SRMs) and biological behavior of small malignancies is better compared to larger ones. Objective: The authors measured the characteristics of SRMs in different subgroups. Method: From January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2015, 1272 patients underwent surgery for renal tumors. In 496 of the 1272 cases, the patients had SRMs. The mean age of the patients was 59 ± 12 years. Based on the sizes, the SRMs were divided into three groups. The sizes of the renal tumors were ≤4 cm in Group 1, ≤3 cm in Group 2 and ≤2 cm in Group 3. Results: The mean diameter of the removed SRMs was 29 ± 8 mm. Histology confirmed renal cell carcinoma in 418 cases (84%), while benign tumor was present in 78 patients (16%). However, with the tumor size ≤2 cm, malignancy was detected in 73.2% of the cases. There was a significant difference in the sizes of the malignant and the benign masses (p = 0.008). Grade 3 or 4 tumors were present in 10.8%, 14.4% and 20.7% when the tumor size was ≤2 cm, 2.1 to 3 cm, and 3.1 to 4 cm in diameter, respectively. During the mean 10-year follow-up period, tumor progression was detected only in 5.5% of malignancies. Conclusion: In 39% of all cases, the patients had SRMs. The majority of SRMs were malignant, and benign lesion occurred only in 16% of the cases. The incidence of malignant tumors was the lowest when the size of SRMs was ≤2 cm. The size of the tumor was highly associated with probability of malignancy and tumor grading. Based on the favorable pathological and biological results in tumors below 2 cm, active surveillance or minimally invasive treatment could be the preferred management. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(42): 1693–1697.

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Does treatment approach for small renal masses affect survival in patients 70 years old?

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.658 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽

pp. 658-658

Author(s):

Lukas Hockman ◽

Tyler Haden ◽

Alex Henderson ◽

Naveen Pokala

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Low Grade ◽

Small Renal Masses ◽

Cancer Specific Survival ◽

Renal Masses ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

658 Background: With the advent of modern imaging techniques small renal masses are being diagnosed more frequently. Many of these masses are benign, and those that are malignant are often low grade and rarely affect the survival. Surveillance is more commonly being advocated as an option for these masses. This study elucidates survival following different treatment approaches. Methods: SEER 18 data from 2004-13 identified 10,477 patients 70 years and older with renal cell carcinoma and tumors greater than or equal to 3 cm. Exclusion criteria included multiple primaries, distant metastasis and node positive disease. Data was collected on demographics, treatment patterns, overall survival and cancer specific survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models were used to compare outcomes. Results: After exclusion 5084 patients remained. The mean age was 76.4 years. The mean tumor size was 2.3cm. Tumor laterality was right in 2610, left in 2467, bilateral in 2 and unspecified in 5. Racial analysis identified 84% of patients as white, 9% as black and 7% as other. Gender split was 51% male. Treatment methods included 791 ablations and 3324 surgical resections (radical or partial nephrectomy). The remaining 969 patients did not have treatment (surveillance). Survival was measured at 60 and 118 months. The overall survival was 75% and 54% respectively for ALL patients, 82% and 62% for ablation, 42% and 19% for surveillance and 82% and 62% for resection. Cancer specific survival was 97% and 96% for ablation, 83% and 74% for surveillance and 96% and 94% for resection. Surgical resection or ablation significantly improved survival at 5 and 10 years (p = < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed survival was affected by age and year of diagnosis, but not by tumor size. Conclusions: The significant difference in overall survival suggests appropriate selection of patients for surveillance based on medical comorbidities. Treatment with curative intent improves survival in patients with greater than or equal to 3 cm renal masses, even in patients 70 years and older, and must be offered to patients without significant comorbidities.

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A comparative study of the frequency of myofibroblasts and macrophages between the oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.15171/joddd.2019.039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 253-257

Author(s):

samira Mostafazadeh ◽

Paria Emamverdizadeh ◽

Khadijeh Abdal ◽

Sevda sadat Forghani

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Normal Skin ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Background. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is among the ten most frequent malignant tumors, with SCC accounting for 94% of oral malignancies. Myofibroblasts and macrophages are multifunctional cells that have a crucial role in the biological behavior of these tumors. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the frequency of myofibroblasts and macrophages between oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. Methods. Sixty paraffin blocks, consisting of 20 cases of OSCC, 20 cases of CSCC, 10 cases of normal skin, and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, were selected for this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. To evaluate the prevalence of myofibroblasts, α-SMA staining and CD163 markers for macrophages were used. In this study, the data were analyzed with Wilk-Shapiro test and t-test using SPSS 19. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The mean myofibroblast scores in CSCC and OSCC were 20.05 and 20.95, respectively, with no significant difference between the means (P>0.05). The mean macrophage scores in the skin and oral cavity were 28.125 and 49.67, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), indicating that the mean oral macrophage score was significantly higher than that in the skin. There was no significant difference between the presence and accumulation of macrophages and myofibroblasts between the oral and cutaneous SCCs; however, the intensity of accumulation and color pattern in OSCC and CSCC were higher than those in the normal skin and mucosa (P<0.05). Conclusion. According to the results of this study, it appears the biological behavior of OSCC and CSCC does not depend on myofibroblasts, and other factors might be involved.

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The role of ct-perfusion for diagnostic of solid renal tumors

Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy ◽

10.22328/2079-5343-2021-12-2-70-78 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 70-78

Author(s):

N. A. Rubtsova ◽

A. B. Golbitc ◽

E. V. Kryaneva ◽

D. O. Kabanov ◽

B. Yа. Alekseev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Ct Perfusion ◽

Renal Tumors ◽

Renal Masses ◽

Perfusion Computed Tomography ◽

Preoperative Stage ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction. Nowdays, CT and/or MRI do not have sufficient specificity for the differential diagnosis of benign renal masses (oncocytoma and angiomyolipoma with minimal fat) from malignant tumors, and therefore all patients undergo surgical treatment.Purpose and objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of perfusion computed tomography (PCT) for the differential diagnosis of solid renal masses.Materials and methods. The data of 60 patients (61,28±8,46 years) with primary founded solid renal tumors, who underwent PCT at the preoperative stage, were analyzed. Four perfusion indicators, such as BV, BF, PS and MTT, for the renal masses and normal cortex were evaluated.Results. According to the results of the statistical analysis, the perfusion parameters BV, BF, PS of the renal cortex were significantly higher than in tumors of any histological type (p<0,05). A statistically significant difference was found between clear cell, chromophobe and papillary types of renal cell carcinoma in terms of BV and BF (p<0,05), between benign and malignant tumors — in MTT.Conclusions. PCT has great potential in the assessment of neoangiogenesis and differential diagnosis of solid renal masses.

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Osteoarthritis Severely Decreases the Elasticity and Hardness of Knee Joint Cartilage: A Nanoindentation Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8111865 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1865 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mieloch ◽

Richter ◽

Trzeciak ◽

Giersig ◽

Rybka

Keyword(s):

Elastic Modulus ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Patients Âgés ◽

Low Weight ◽

Starting Point ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Insight Into

The nanoindentation method was applied to determine the elastic modulus and hardness of knee articular cartilage. Cartilage samples from both high weight bearing (HWB) and low weight bearing (LWB) femoral condyles were collected from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). The mean elastic modulus of HWB cartilage was 4.46 ± 4.44 MPa in comparison to that of the LWB region (9.81 ± 8.88 MPa, p < 0.001). Similarly, the hardness was significantly lower in HWB tissue (0.317 ± 0.397 MPa) than in LWB cartilage (0.455 ± 0.434 MPa, p < 0.001). When adjusted to patients’ ages, the mean elastic modulus and hardness were both significantly lower in the age group over 70 years (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference in mechanical parameters was also found in grade 3 and 4 OA. This study provides an insight into the nanomechanical properties of the knee articular cartilage and provides a starting point for personalized cartilage grafts that are compatible with the mechanical properties of the native tissue.

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Retrospective Study of Mammary Lesions in Bitches - Uberlândia, MG, Brazil

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.80788 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Mariana Batista Andrade ◽

Ednaldo Carvalho Guimarães ◽

Arlinda Flores Coleto ◽

Nicolle Pereira Soares ◽

Alessandra Aparecida Medeiros-Ronchi

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Histological Grade ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Mammary Glands ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

The Mean ◽

Inguinal Glands

Background: Mammary tumors are a type of neoplasia that are most commonly found in female dogs and are mostly malignant. The aim of this study, performed in the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Uberlândia (LVP-FUU) from 2004 to 2014, was to determine the prevalence of mammary tumors in bitches and to verify the relationship between the epidemiological factors (age and breed) and clinicopathological aspects (ulceration, tumor size, and malignancy) in the occurrence of tumors.Materials, Methods & Results: A retrospective study was carried out using histopathological information retrieved from the LPV-UFU database. We collected the information on age and breed of female dogs, as well as about the location, macroscopic aspects, and histological diagnosis of mammary lesions. Only female dogs were considered for this study; a total of 911 histopathological protocols (with only one diagnosis) were analyzed along with 36 protocols that presented more than one diagnosis of mammary tumor. The age of animals ranged from one to 20 years, and the mean age was 9.99 years. The most affected breeds of dogs were: Cross breed (39.56% - 288/728) and Poodle (20.19% - 147/728). The inguinal glands were most affected by the malignant tumors (P < 0.05). A prevalence of tumors bigger than 5 cm in diameter (T3) was observed in the elderly animals (P = 0.0154) and in the inguinal mammary glands (P = 0.044). Simple carcinoma was the most frequent histological type.Discussion: Research shows that more than 40% of the tumors in bitches are located in the mammary glands, emphasizing the importance of this type of neoplasia in female dogs. Mammary tumors develop more frequently in the middle-aged and elderly bitches, with the highest occurrence being in the age range of 8 and 10 years, corroborating our observation in the present study that the mean age of bitches was 9.99 years. In this survey, a higher incidence was observed in mongrel bitches compared to that in the Poodle breed. Some authors affirm that there is no racial predisposition for the occurrence of this pathology; however, a compilation of data suggests a predisposition of at least 10 breeds, with the involvement of an as yet unidentified genetic component. Of these, six breeds (Poodle, Cocker Spaniel, Pointer, Maltese, Yorkshire Terrier, and Dachshund) were found to be predisposed to mammary tumors in this study. The percentage (49.23%) of malignant tumors found in the inguinal glands is consistent with the findings reported in literature, and might be associated with a greater amount of parenchyma, abundance of hormone receptors in these glands, and vascularization provided by the caudal superficial epigastric artery and vulvar branches of external pudendal artery. Tumor size is considered to be a prognostic factor and tumors ≤ 3 cm in diameter (T1) have a better prognosis. Consequently, the prevalence of tumors ≥ 5 cm in diameter (T3) in elderly animals is probably related to malignancy of the lesions, because tumors usually progress to a worse histological grade with time. The higher occurrence of T3 in inguinal glands might be related to the abundance of parenchyma and/or hormonal receptors in them. As in the present study, data from literature refer to the superiority of malignant histological types, with prevalence varying between 68 and 91%. When prolonged, the time between the onset of tumor and clinical evaluation may be a determinant in the progression from benign to malignant tumors. Among the malignant neoplasms, simple carcinoma was observed to be prevalent, followed by mixed tumors with carcinoma, in agreement with the results of several studies. It is concluded that mammary tumors are more prevalent in older mongrel dogs and Poodle. Attention should be paid to inguinal mammary tumors, because these are mainly malignant.

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Arthroscopic Debridement and Autologous Micronized Adipose Tissue Injection in the Treatment of Advanced-Stage Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis of the Ankle

Cartilage ◽

10.1177/1947603520946364 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 194760352094636

Author(s):

Yoshiharu Shimozono ◽

John F. Dankert ◽

John G. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Advanced Stage ◽

Arthroscopic Debridement ◽

Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Grade 3

Objective To evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of autologous micronized adipose tissue (MAT) with ankle arthroscopic debridement in patients with advanced-stage posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) of ankle. Design A retrospective cohort study investigating patients treated with arthroscopic debridement and autologous MAT injection for ankle PTOA was performed. Patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 3 to 4 were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Outcome Scores (FAOS), and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results A total of 19 patients (19 ankles) were included (KL grade 3, 8 patients; grade 4, 11 patients). At a mean follow-up time of 14.3 months (range, 7-23 months), the mean FAOS subscales for pain and quality of life significantly increased from 48.8 and 20.1 preoperatively to 61.1 and 30.1 ( P = 0.029 and 0.048, respectively). The mean VAS score significantly improved from 6.1 to 3.8 (P = 0.003) at final follow-up. A total of 10.5% (2/19) of patients were very satisfied, 31.6% (6/19) satisfied, 26.3% (5/19) neutral, 21.1% (4/19) unsatisfied, and 10.5% (2/19) very unsatisfied with their outcomes. The overall FAOS score demonstrated a significant difference in pre- to postoperative change with 14.8 for KL grade 3 and 5.9 for KL grade 4 ( P = 0.048). Conclusions Autologous MAT injection is a safe and potentially beneficial procedure for advanced-stage ankle PTOA as an adjunct to arthroscopic debridement, although more than one-third of patients were unsatisfied with the procedure. This procedure may be more beneficial for KL grade 3 patients than grade 4 patients. However, future investigations are necessary to define the role of MAT for ankle PTOA.

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Incidence of benign versus malignant renal tumors in selected studies.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.357 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽

pp. 357-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul Russo ◽

Robert G. Uzzo ◽

William Thomas Lowrance ◽

Aviva Asnis-Alibozek ◽

Norman David LaFrance ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Early Stage ◽

Renal Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Stage Migration ◽

Renal Masses ◽

Definitive Method

357 Background: Use of cross-sectional imaging has increased the detection rate for small renal tumors; more patients now present with early-stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or benign or indolent renal masses. Histopathology after surgical resection is the definitive method for characterizing renal tumors. Stage migration of renal masses creates uncertainty about the percentage of resected masses that will be benign vs malignant. We sought to better define these proportions through a targeted review of the literature. Methods: PubMed/select congresses were searched to identify the histologic classification of renal masses in a representative sample from the contemporary literature: [search] incidence AND (renal cell carcinoma AND benign); incidence AND (renal tumor AND benign); percentage AND (renal cell carcinoma AND benign); limit: 2003–2011. Results: Most representative studies included procedures conducted in the mid-1990s to the mid-to-late 2000s. Studies origin was US (n=8), Korea (n=3), China, Japan, Germany, Austria, Australia, and multisite (Israel/France/US; all n=1). Only 8 studies had n≥500 (range, 70–10,404). The proportion of benign masses are shown (see Table); half of the studies reported values between 16% and 17%. The majority found that benign tumors were more likely to be smaller in size (<4 or <7 cm) than malignant tumors. 11 studies reported the RCC subtype (% clear cell range, 46%–83%). Conclusions: Benign renal tumors occur ~15% of the time and are more prevalent among small masses. Nearly 25% of resected lesions are benign or indolent and may not require surgery. Preoperative discrimination of more aggressive renal masses would be an important clinical advance that could improve clinicians’ diagnostic confidence and guide patient management. Funding: Wilex AG/IBA Molecular. [Table: see text]

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Mechanism of Differential Susceptibility of Two (Canine Lung Adenocarcinoma) Cell Lines to 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13164174 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 4174

Author(s):

Tomohiro Osaki ◽

Narumi Kunisue ◽

Urara Ota ◽

Hideo Imazato ◽

Takuya Ishii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Aminolevulinic Acid ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Protoporphyrin Ix ◽

Invasive Treatment ◽

No Donor ◽

Adenocarcinoma Cell ◽

Significant Difference

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved, minimally invasive treatment for malignant tumors. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), derived from 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) as the prodrug, is one of the photosensitizers used in PDT. Recently, we reported a significant difference in response to 5-ALA-mediated PDT treatment in two canine primary lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (sensitive to PDT: HDC cells, resistant to PDT: LuBi cells). This study aimed to examine the difference in cytotoxicity of 5-ALA-mediated PDT in these cells. Although intracellular PpIX levels before irradiation were similar between HDC and LuBi cells, the percentage of ROS-positive cells and apoptotic cells in LuBi cells treated with 5-ALA-mediated PDT was significantly lower than that in HDC cells treated with 5-ALA-mediated PDT. A high dosage of the NO donor, DETA NONOate, significantly increased the cytotoxicity of 5-ALA-mediated PDT against LuBi cells. These results suggest that the sensitivity of 5-ALA-mediated PDT might be correlated with NO.

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Long-Term Toxicity and Efficacy of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Cervical Cancers: Experience of a Cancer Hospital in Pakistan

JCO Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/go.20.00169 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1639-1646

Author(s):

Muhammad Atif Mansha ◽

Tabinda Sadaf ◽

Asmara Waheed ◽

Amna Munawar ◽

Asma Rashid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Intensity Modulated ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Grade 3

PURPOSE To report the chronic toxicity and disease outcomes attributable to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with cervical cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS Between January 2014 and December 2018, a retrospective review of medical records of patients with cervical cancer who received radiation therapy with IMRT was performed. Disease and treatment-related details were documented. Follow-up notes were reviewed, and severity of late toxicities was recorded. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 years were estimated. RESULTS A total of 222 patients’ records were reviewed. Mean age was 50.7 years. Median follow-up duration was 33 months (range, 2-70 months). The most common toxicity was vaginal stricture (grade 2, n = 59, 26.6%; grade 3, n = 4, 1.80%), followed by proctitis (grade 2, n = 24; 10.8%; grade 3, n = 7; 3.20%). Seven patients (grade 2, n = 5, 2.3%; grade 3, n = 2; 0.90%) developed cystitis, and only 5 (grade 2; 2.3%) were found to have colitis. None of the patients had grade 4 or grade 5 toxicities. There was a significant difference in late complications in patients with nodal disease or those who underwent prior surgery ( P < .05). Three-year OS and DFS rates were 79.7% and 81.9%, respectively. Patients with tumor size > 5 cm and those with pelvic lymph node metastasis had poor survival rates ( P < .05). CONCLUSION IMRT is an effective and well-tolerated technique that should be considered in patients with lymph node disease and in postoperative patients. There is an inverse relationship between tumor size and nodal involvement with respect to OS and DFS.

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“Peer Teaching Strategy To Increase Mathematics Proficiency Level” (An Action Research) (Eastern Samar State University)

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v6i8.m02 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (08) ◽

Author(s):

Alvin Bituaran Lacaba ◽

Jason D. Magalona ◽

Teresita Villa G. Lacaba

Keyword(s):

Intervention Program ◽

Teaching Strategy ◽

Peer Teaching ◽

Teaching Intervention ◽

Percentage Score ◽

School Year ◽

Proficiency Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Grade 3

Peer Teaching/tutoring is used as school-based intervention that has been shown to improve academic skills, generate development of appropriate social skills, and enhance peer relations for both tutees and tutors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of a peer teaching/tutoring program in mathematics on the academic achievement level of Grade 3 pupils in Lupok Central School. This study aimed to analyse peer teaching as an intervention strategy that will increase the performance among Grade 3 Mathematics pupils at Lupok Central School, Guiuan North District, Guiuan Eastern Samar through the 1st and 4th Grading periods of School Year 2017 - 2018. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: What is the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the beginning of 1st Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 before peer teaching intervention? What is the Mean Percentage Score in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the end of 4th Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 after peer teaching intervention? Is there a Significant difference before and after the intervention program? What intervention program may be proposed based on the findings of the study? Based on the data gathered/collected from the class adviser of Grade 3 Section Bougainvillea in Lupok Central School, the result of base line MPS from 1st Grading period specifically in mathematics subject is 74.22 which is considered below the 75% proficiency level. The result showed a radical increase in Mean Percentage Score in mathematics subject after the intervention was given to the Grade 3 pupils with the previous result of 74.22% from the 1st Grading into 82.11% MPS result in the 4th Grading period. The results of the study further revealed that the implementation of Peer teaching strategy has a positive effect in increasing the academic performance in mathematics of Grade 3 pupils. There was 7.89% increase in MPS for mathematics subject from the first grading to the fourth grading period.

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