scholarly journals Exploring discrimination towards pharmacists in practice settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1966
Author(s):  
Lik D. Chun ◽  
Rebecca Ye ◽  
Kyle J. Wilby
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phase Discrimination ◽  
Study Support ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Background:  Discrimination towards pharmacists, as a public-facing health professional group, is reported but not well-studied. Objectives:  The aims of this study were to identify accounts of discrimination in pharmacy practice and to explore the nature and impacts of and discrimination experienced by pharmacists. Methods:  A cross-sectional survey was emailed to practice-based preceptors associated with the School of Pharmacy at the University of Otago. The survey included demographic questions, in addition to questions asking about the frequency and sources of different types of discrimination and abuse encountered in practice. Survey respondents could also provide their contact information for follow-up interviews. Interviews occurred after completion of the survey to better understand the nature of discrimination in pharmacy practice. A thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted to identify pertinent themes. Results: A total of 43 participants completed the survey. A total of 29 (67.4%) respondents reported experiencing discrimination in pharmacy practice. The most common types of discrimination experienced included discrimination based on gender, appearance, or past, present, or expected pregnancy. Verbal abuse and sexual harassment were also frequently reported. Most discrimination was sourced from patients, colleagues, or supervisors/leaders. Discrimination specific to pregnancy was largely sourced from supervisors/leaders. Verbal abuse was sources primarily from patients, patient’s family, supervisors/leaders, and other healthcare professionals. Patients were the primary source of sexual harassment. Three themes were identified from the interview phase: Discrimination occurs for a variety of reasons from different sources with different behaviors, the impact on a person is individualized/personal, and preventative strategies can be broad and encompass multiple layers of society. Conclusions:  Findings of this study support the notion that training programs must adjust to adequately train pharmacists with effective coping strategies, prevention mechanisms, and resilience building strategies. Pharmacist employers should also be accountable to creating zero tolerance workplaces and providing route maps for how pharmacists report and navigate situations when faced with discrimination. Doing so may result in a better equipped workforce that is able to navigate the pressures encountered through discrimination in practice.

scholarly journals Sexual Harassment on Campus: A Study in a Nigeria University

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
S. Y. Erinosho ◽  
M. N. Femi-Oyewo ◽  
E. O. Oduwole
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Campus Climate ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The University

Sexual harassment (SH) is increasingly reported as an issue of major concern among both students and staff on campuses across the globe, and has been confirmed to have social and psychological consequences on the victim. However, the scale of the menace is underplayed because of under-reporting of cases. As a way to containing and/or regulating the behaviour, it is therefore imperative to obtain credible evidence on the veracity, the different forms, and how they play out to affect student victims with a view to foster an equitable campus climate. Thus, against the magnitude of the anecdotal reports on SH and the absence of empirical evidence on its extent, this study is concerned with obtaining baseline data on the forms and prevalence of campus-based sexual harassment, as well as ascertaining the awareness and knowledge of SH among undergraduates in a Nigeria University (OOU). An exploratory study involving cross-sectional survey of 1420 males and females was undertaken cutting across the faculties and levels in the University. The findings confirmed the existence of sexual harassment in OOU campus, though reported not to be on a rampant scale. Also, the behavior elements that indicate features of a hostile-environment harassment were reported with most likely occurrence on the campus. The policy implications of the findings were highlighted and recommendations made towards the prevention of SH victimization on the University campus.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Networking Sites’ Usage on the Academic Performance of University Students of Lahore, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Waqas ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Fakhar Zaman ◽  
Muhammad Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Social networking sites are more common to the young generation worldwide. Pakistan’s major population is comprised of young generation. Thus, usage of social networking sites has become the trend among the youth of Pakistan which has strong effect on the student’s performance and habits. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of social network usage on the university student’s academic performance of Lahore, Pakistan. Cross sectional survey technique has used in the current study. The self-administered questionnaire distributed to the 260 students of four universities of Lahore through convenient random sampling. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data while Chi-square (X2) analysis has performed to test the research hypotheses. The findings of the current study show that the university students of Lahore, Pakistan are using different social networking sites which has negative effect on the student’s academic performance and habits. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-4: 267-276

Screening for Harassment, Abuse, and Discrimination among Surgery Residents: An EAST Multicenter Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin A. Fitzgerald ◽  
Randi N. Smith ◽  
Xian Luo-Owen ◽  
David Turay ◽  
Paula Ferrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Teaching ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
The Impact

Estimating the prevalence of harassment, verbal abuse, and discrimination among residents is difficult as events are often under-reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of discrimination and abuse among surgical residents using the HITS (Hurt, Insulted, Threatened with harm or Screamed at) screening tool. A multicenter, cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted at five academic teaching hospitals. Of 310 residents, 76 (24.5%) completed the survey. The HITS screening tool was positive in 3.9 per cent. The most common forms of abuse included sexual harassment (28.9%), discrimination based on gender (15.7%), and discrimination based on ethnicity (7.9%). There was a positive correlation between individuals who reported gender discrimination and racial discrimination (r = 0.778, n = 13, P = 0.002). Individuals who experienced insults were more likely to experience physical threats (r = 0.437, n = 79, P < 0.001) or verbal abuse (r = 0.690, n = 79, P < 0.001). Discrimination and harassment among surgical residents in academic teaching hospitals across the United States is not uncommon. Further research is needed to determine the impact of these findings on resident attrition.

scholarly journals The Compassionate University

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Juliet Jennifer Trail ◽  
Tim Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Of Nursing ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Over the past decade, the University of Virginia has been experiencing a culture change towards becoming a more contemplative and compassionate institution. The leaders of this change seek, ultimately, to enhance and influence every aspect of the mission and community of this large, prestigious public institution. Of course, multi-layered and pervasive culture change does not occur instantaneously. Rather, the establishment in 2009 of the UVA School of Nursing’s Compassionate Care Initiative, followed by the launch in 2012 of the pan-university UVA Contemplative Sciences Center have led to an array of targeted initiatives that incorporate both the health system – consisting of the School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and the UVA Medical Center – and the university’s academic division, consisting of nine additional schools as well as the ancillary units that support the wider university. This article provides a set of detailed examples of efforts implemented by these two centers in support of a culture change towards more compassionate teaching, research, patient care, and service. Examples will include: supporting compassion and self-care through retreats in the School of Nursing and research assessing the impact of this and additional co-curricular programming via cross-sectional survey of nurses discussion of student, faculty and clinical Ambassadors who serve as compassion mentors across the UVA Health System consideration of contemplative pedagogy within the UVA undergraduate course Mindfulness & Compassion: Towards Living Fully, Personally & Professionally discussion of pan-university co-curricular programming serving the university community that seeks to create impact at an institution-wide level. The impact and outcomes of each example will be considered, individually and as part of a larger shift towards creating a compassionate, contemplative university for the modern era.

scholarly journals Use of Information Technology Resources under E-Youth Initiatives among University Students

sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Dr. Intzar Hussain Butt ◽  
Sonia Iram ◽  
Ijaz Ahmad Tatlah
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
University Students ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
University Level ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technology Resources

This study seeks to find out the use of information technology resources (ITRs) among university students in Punjab. These ITRs were provided by the Government of Punjab as an initiative to equip the knowledge society with these latest tools. It was an initial step towards the advancement of technology assets in the National IT Policy Pakistan 2000. The study was quantitative. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the data. The target population was all the beneficiaries of e-youth initiatives at province Punjab. Convenient purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. The sample of the study consisted of 76 beneficiaries of e-youth initiatives from the awarded universities. Analysis identified the use of information technology resources among the beneficiaries of e-youth initiatives. Results revealed that there is no significant difference in the usage of ITRs between male/female and hostelized/day scholar beneficiaries at the university level. All of them were utilizing ITRs under e-youth initiatives at the same level. Nowadays, information technology resources become very common for every student at the university level. Therefore, in the current scenario, there is a need to find out the impact of these information technology resources on academic performance and productivity of university students.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pharmacists’ Knowledge and Practices towards Prescribed Medications for Dialysis Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Lolwa Al-Abdelmuhsin ◽  
Maha Al-Ammari ◽  
Salmeen D. Babelghaith ◽  
Syed Wajid ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Pharmacists ◽  
Outpatient Hospital ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The present study examined pharmacists’ knowledge and practices towards prescribed medications for hemodialysis patients. The impact of a pharmacist’s current positions and years of experience on practices and knowledge was also assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to pharmacists working at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Central Region over a period of 4 months from July to October in 2015. Results: Of the 85 approached pharmacists, 66 pharmacists completed the questionnaire, among which 45 (68.2%), 9 (13.6%), and 12 (18.2%) of them were outpatient hospital pharmacists, discharge counselling pharmacists, and pharmacy practice residents, respectively. In total, 47 (55.3%) of the pharmacists sought drug information resources for newly prescribed medications to hemodialysis patients. Among the surveyed pharmacists, around two-thirds of them (63.6%) were completely confident during counselling hemodialysis patients, while 32% were moderately confident, and only 4.5% were not confident. All of the participating pharmacists checked each patient’s allergic status before dispensing hemodialysis medications. The majority of the outpatient hospital pharmacists (35; 77.8%), discharge pharmacists (8; 88.9%), and the pharmacy practice residents (11; 91.7%) agreed that oral ciprofloxacin should be given after dialysis session on the same dialysis days, while 18 (40%), 5 (55.6%), and 9 (75%) of the outpatient hospital pharmacists, discharge pharmacists, and pharmacy practice residents agreed that IV route is preferred for hemodialysis patients to administer epoetin alfa, respectively. Sixty-six percent of discharge pharmacists (n = 6), 91.7% (n = 11) of the pharmacy practice residents, and 55.6% (n = 25) of the outpatient hospital pharmacists checked patient laboratory results prior to dispensing medications (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Despite the limited knowledge regarding some prescribed medications, most of the hospital pharmacists showed good practices toward dialysis patients.

Factors Influencing Academic Stress on Students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nham Phong Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Quy ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen ◽  
Hong Tra My ◽  
Tran Nhu Phu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Stress ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
National University ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of seven factors causing academic stress on students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University: Lack of leisure time, Academic performance, Fear of failure, Academic overload, Finances, Competition between students, Relationships with university faculty. Based on the results of a practical survey of 185 students who are attending any courses at the University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University, the study assesses the impact of stress factors on students. The thesis focuses on clarifying the concept of "stress" and the stress level of students, while pointing out its negative effects on students. This study includes two cross-sectional questionnaire surveys. The first survey uses a set of 16 questions to assess students’ perceptions and attitudes based on an instrument to measure academic stress - Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA). The second survey aims to test internal consistency, the robustness of the previously established 7-factor structure. Henceforth, the model was brought back and used qualitatively, combined with Cronbach’s Alpha measurement test and EFA discovery factor analysis. This study was conducted from October 2019 to December 2019. From these practical analyzes, several proposals were made for the society, the school and the students themselves.

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 During the First Nationwide Lockdown in Vietnam: Web-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Ngoc Cong Duong ◽  
Tien Nguyen Le Bao ◽  
Phuong Thi Lan Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Vo Van ◽  
Toi Phung Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. METHODS We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged &lt;18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor’s expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=–7.84, 95% CI –14.58 to –1.11). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts. CLINICALTRIAL

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