scholarly journals The The pharmacy workforce in public primary healthcare centers: promoting access and information on medicines

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia B. Faraco ◽  
Luciano Guimarães ◽  
Claire Anderson ◽  
Silvana N. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Medicines Information ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Background: Only few studies have analyzed the pharmaceutical workforce in primary healthcare centers, and a global recommendation calls for better understanding of the trends that shape workforce development and capacity. Objective: To analyze the distribution of the pharmaceutical workforce in primary healthcare centers in the national health system [Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)] in Brazil. Methods: The study was conducted using data from the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil. Secondary data referring to the socioeconomic indicators of each municipality were obtained from national public databases. Data stratification in geographic regions was considered, and data on workers in the management of the municipal pharmaceutical services and medicines dispensing centers were analyzed. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated by Poisson regression in the study investigating the factors associated with low and high-density pharmacists per 10,000 inhabitants. Results: The results showed that most Brazilian municipalities have a rate of 1 or more pharmacist per 10,000 inhabitants in primary healthcare public facilities, with a higher concentration of pharmacists in small municipalities. Even in Brazilian municipalities with lower economic capacity, the conditions of access to medicines and pertinent information on medicines were directly related to the number of pharmacists available in these centers. Conclusions: This study showed a high number of pharmacists in the public health system. The higher density of pharmacists in primary healthcare public facilities correlated to increased access to medicines information and better municipal social development.

scholarly journals Performance-based financing for monitoring and evaluation of health system in Cameroon

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakariaou Njoumemi ◽  
Altine Fadimatou
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
National System ◽  
Performance Based Financing ◽  
Central Tool

Objective: To describe the context of, types of and approaches to monitoring and evaluation and the stakeholders’ perceptions of Performance-based financing (PBF) in Cameroon.Methods: This research used secondary data, both qualitative and quantitative, from the PBF monitoring and evaluation plan, reports and documents, and information from 380 qualitative interviews of stakeholders. Data was analysed using a systematic process of triangulation of responses in tabular form to assess the contribution of PBF towards strengthening the national system of monitoring and evaluation. Descriptive statistics were presented in form of frequencies.Results: The context of decentralisation and results-based management put monitoring and evaluation at the centre of public policy actions. Performance is measured in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, equity, accountability and transparency. The expected effect of PBF is not to reinforce the monitoring and evaluation system but to increase its performance. In conception, the design of PBF relies on substantial efforts of systematic monitoring and evaluation that can strengthen the national health system. The PBF brought changes to all the organisational systems of the supply of health services according to the monitoring and evaluation objectives, which were aligned to those of the national health system and management health information. Stakeholders were positive about the resulting performance of the central tool for monitoring and evaluation of PBF.Conclusion: Several types of monitoring and evaluation are conducted in the implementation of the PBF scheme, showing great potential to strengthen the national system through the harmonisation and standardisation of indicators and norms at all levels of the national health system pyramid.

Linking Primary Healthcare Policies With Health System for Improved Health Outcomes in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 576-597
Author(s):  
Augustine Nduka Eneanya
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health System ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Government Records

Quality healthcare is a fundamental right of all citizens of any nation. In Nigeria, there are disparities in terms of quality of healthcare provided to different groups in the rural and urban areas. It is this desire to ensure access to potential patients and the existence of a quality healthcare system in Nigeria that necessitates primary healthcare policy. The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to investigate how primary healthcare policies affect health system performance and health outcomes in Nigeria. The chapter adopted qualitative research approach. Secondary data were collected from secondary sources, such as textbooks, journal articles, newspapers, WHO reports, government records, and internet. Content and secondary data analysis methods were adopted to analyze, interpret, and answer the research questions. Findings show that health outcomes remain poor because of weak health system as infant and maternal mortality are still high and universal access coverage still low. The chapter concludes that a strong health system would improve health outcomes.

scholarly journals Oral health conditions and quality of life of elderly users of the Unified National Health System

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Fernandes MESTRINER ◽  
Aline dos Santos Queiroz de ALMEIDA ◽  
Luana Pinho de MESQUITA ◽  
Alexandre Fávero BULGARELLI ◽  
Wilson MESTRINER JUNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the oral health status and socio-economic conditions of the elderly, which are users of the Brazilian Unified Public Health System (SUS) and its relationship to a subjective indicator of impacts of oral conditions on quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile OHIP-14). METHODS: It is a descriptive cross-sectional exploratory study developed in the second semester of 2011. The sample consisted of 76 elderly (65-74 years old) users of the public dental service at the Dental Specialties Center at the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. The methodological strategy adopted for data collection was the structured interview and secondary data were obtained from medical records and reports. To perform the statistical analysis it was used an exploratory analysis of multivariate data by means of STATA Software. RESULTS: The frequencies of the dimensions of the OHIP-14 with the greatest impact were pain (13.16%) and psychological distress (14.47%). The low impact association was represented by social disability (71%) and social disadvantage (63%). The gender, type of housing, necessity and prosthesis wearing were not associated with measures of quality of life related to oral health. It was observed a good correlation between the perception (r = 0.542, p <0.001), a moderate association between higher income (r = 0.28, p <0.01) and the scores of the OHIP. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the elderly which reported good self-perception of oral health and good income have expressed the perception that oral health reflects a good impact on quality of life.

scholarly journals Morbidity and hospitalization costs of chronic diseases for the Unified National Health System

Rev Rene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Teixeira Soto ◽  
Gabriela Martini Raitz ◽  
Ludmila Lopes Bolsoni ◽  
Cássia Kely Favoretto Costa ◽  
Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Age Range

Objective: characterizing morbidity and hospitalization costs of chronic diseases (cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes and cancer) for the Unified National Health System. Methods: a retrospective analytical study that used secondary data from the hospital information system of people aged ≥ 25 years. Results: among the four assessed morbidities, cancer and cardiovascular diseases have been the most prevalent. For cancer there was a predominance of females, aged between 45 and 49 years. Males had a higher incidence for cardiovascular diseases, with an age range of 55-59 years. These two diseases were the most costly for the system. The frequency of respiratory diseases follows a declining trend for both genders, while diabetes remained stable during the period. Conclusion: the highest prevalence of intervention was cancer among women and in men predominated cardiovascular diseases.

Linking Primary Healthcare Policies With Health System for Improved Health Outcomes in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-114
Author(s):  
Augustine Nduka Eneanya
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health System ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Government Records

Quality healthcare is a fundamental right of all citizens of any nation. In Nigeria, there are disparities in terms of quality of healthcare provided to different groups in the rural and urban areas. It is this desire to ensure access to potential patients and the existence of a quality healthcare system in Nigeria that necessitates primary healthcare policy. The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to investigate how primary healthcare policies affect health system performance and health outcomes in Nigeria. The chapter adopted qualitative research approach. Secondary data were collected from secondary sources, such as textbooks, journal articles, newspapers, WHO reports, government records, and internet. Content and secondary data analysis methods were adopted to analyze, interpret, and answer the research questions. Findings show that health outcomes remain poor because of weak health system as infant and maternal mortality are still high and universal access coverage still low. The chapter concludes that a strong health system would improve health outcomes.

scholarly journals District Health Service Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
SK Poudel ◽  
S Subedi ◽  
S Khadka ◽  
S Timilsina ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Service Management ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
System Management ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
District Health ◽  
District Health System ◽  
Health Directorate

District Health System Management is a comprehensive study of the health system of the district as a unit of national health system. The report of District Health System Management has been prepared as per the MBBS 4th year (Third phase) curriculum of Tribhuvan University (TU), Institute of Medicine (IOM), Nepal after the field placement of our group in Gorkha and Kaski districts. We prepared regional health directorate profile, regional tuberculosis center profile, district profile, district health profile of Kaski, hospital profile of Western Regional Hospital, Kaski, and critical analysis on human resources of the Aampipal hospital. We prepared five year plan on ICU services of Gorkha District Hospital and conducted epidemiological study on COPD in WRH, Pokhara. The techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, interactions, participation, secondary data retrieval, analysis and presentation using specific tools and guidelines devised for the same. The field practice proved to be a milestone in enabling the students to develop aptitude in the fields of management, administration and communication in different health set-ups of the country. It is in fact once-in-a lifetime opportunity for the medical students to imbibe the practicality of management skills at various levels.

scholarly journals Teaching at primary healthcare services within the Brazilian national health system (SUS) in Brazilian healthcare professionals' training

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (45) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti Toassi ◽  
Alexandre Baumgarten ◽  
Cristine Maria Warmling ◽  
Eloá Rossoni ◽  
Arisson Rocha da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Multiprofessional Teamwork

The aim of this study was to analyze the role of teaching at primary healthcare services within the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) in dentists' training, at a public university in the south of Brazil. A qualitative methodological approach (case study) was used. Interviews were conducted with 12 dentistry students, six dentists who were preceptors working in public primary healthcare services and three teachers connected with this curricular training. Our findings showed that the curricular training in SUS primary healthcare services had an impact on the dentists' education through establishment of bonds, autonomy in problem-solving and multiprofessional teamwork. It was seen that they learned about how healthcare services function, about healthcare and about development of cultural competence. There is a need to maintain constant questioning regarding these practices, and to ensure the presence of infrastructure and qualified professionals for teaching at these services.

scholarly journals Clinical laboratory services for primary healthcare centers in urban cities: a pilot ACO model of ten primary healthcare centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soha A. Tashkandi ◽  
Ali Alenezi ◽  
Ismail Bakhsh ◽  
Abdullah AlJuryyan ◽  
Zahir H AlShehry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Analytical Phase ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Abstract Background Primary healthcare centers (PHC) ensure that patients receive comprehensive care from promotion and prevention to treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care in a familiar environment. It is designed to provide first-contact, continuous, comprehensive, and coordinated patient care that will help achieve equity in the specialty healthcare system. The healthcare in Saudi Arabia is undergoing transformation to Accountable Care Organizations (ACO) model. In order for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to achieve its transformational goals in healthcare, the improvement of PHCs’ quality and utilization is crucial. An integral part of this service is the laboratory services. Methods This paper presents a pilot model for the laboratory services of PHC's in urban cities. The method was based on the FOCUS-PDCA quality improvement method focusing on the pre-analytical phase of the laboratory testing as well as the Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutes (CBAHI) gap analysis and readiness within the ten piloted primary healthcare centers. Results The Gap analysis, revealed in-consistency in the practice, lead to lower the quality of the service, which was seen in the low performance of the chosen key performance indicators (KPI's) (high rejection rates, lower turn-around times (TAT) for test results) and also in the competency of the staff. Following executing the interventions, and by using some of the ACO Laboratory strategies; the KPI rates were improved, and our results exceeded the targets that we have set to reach during the first year. Also introducing the electronic connectivity improved the TAT KPI and made many of the processes leaner. Conclusions Our results revealed that the centralization of PHC's laboratory service to an accredited reference laboratory and implementing the national accreditation standards improved the testing process and lowered the cost, for the mass majority of the routine laboratory testing. Moreover, the model shed the light on how crucial the pre-analytical phase for laboratory quality improvement process, its effect on cost reduction, and the importance of staff competency and utilization.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: An update

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110221
Author(s):  
Daniele Giovanni Ghiglioni ◽  
Anna Maria Zicari ◽  
Giuseppe Fabio Parisi ◽  
Giuseppe Marchese ◽  
Cristiana Indolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
International Level ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Definition Of

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) are potentially severe and complex disease in its management among the various allergic eye diseases. In this regard, studies clarified the etiopathogenetic mechanisms. The workup should be multidisciplinary. The treatment includes topical and systemic medications with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activity. However, a definition of nationally- and internationally-shared diagnostic protocols would also be needed and validated access to therapeutic options of proven safety and efficacy to avoid the use of galenic preparations, up to now still essential in the management of moderate-severe VKC. Finally, recognizing VKC and AKC, among rare diseases, at a national and international level would be an essential step to allow the management of VKC with adequate timings and settings within the National Health System.

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