Dispensing errors in Lebanese community pharmacies: incidence, types, underlying causes, and associated factors

Objectives: To assess the incidence, types, the causes of as well as the factors associated with dispensing errors in community pharmacies in Lebanon. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 286 pharmacies located all over Lebanon. Data were collected by senior pharmacy students during their experiential learning placement. Collected data included information on the types of dispensing errors, the underlying causes of errors, handling approaches, and used strategies for dispensing error prevention. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to determine factors that were associated with dispensing errors. Results: In the twelve thousand eight hundred sixty dispensed medications, there were 376 dispensing errors, yielding an error rate of 2.92%. Of these errors, 67.1% (252) corresponded to dispensing near-miss errors. The most common types of dispensing errors were giving incomplete/incorrect use instructions (40.9% (154)), followed by the omission of warning(s) (23.6% (89)). Work overloads/time pressures, illegible handwriting, distractions/interruptions, and similar drug naming/packaging were reported as the underlying causes in 55% (206), 23.13% (87), 15.15 % (57), and 7% (26) of the errors respectively. Besides, high prescription turnover volume, having one pharmacist working at a time, and extended working hours, were found to be independent factors that were significantly associated with dispensing errors occurrence (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study sheds light on the need to establish national strategies for preventing dispensing errors in community pharmacies to maintain drug therapy safety, considering identified underlying causes and associated factors.

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Prevalence and predictors of burnout among nurses during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in hospitals in central Uganda

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. e054284

Author(s):

Amir Kabunga ◽

Ponsiano Okalo

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Working Hours ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Who Guidelines ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

New Nurses ◽

Low Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Design

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of burnout and associated factors among nurses during COVID-19 in central Uganda.DesignA cross-sectional design.SettingNurse from one referral and four general hospitals. These were reception centres and cared for patients with COVID-19 in central Uganda.Participants395 nurses.Main outcome measuresBurnout scores.ResultsOf the total 395 participants, 65.1% (n=257) were female; 40% (n=158) had a diploma; 47.1% (n=186) were single; and 39.2% (n=155) had worked for 11–15 years. The results show that 40% (n=158), 41.77% (n=165) and 18.23% (n=77) reported high, average and low levels of burnout, respectively. The results show that the predictors of nurses’ burnout were personal protective equipment (PPE) (OR: 7.1, 95% CI 4.08 to 12.31) and increased workload (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.43 to 7.93).ConclusionThis study of nurses working in hospitals dealing with patients with COVID-19 in central Uganda reported high rates of burnout, and it was associated with PPE and workload. Interventions like contracting new nurses to reduce workload, the WHO guidelines on PPE, adjusting working hours and ensuring hours of effective rest should be adapted.

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Depressive Symptoms among Industrial Workers in Vietnam and Correlated Factors: A Multi-Site Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16091642 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1642 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bach Xuan Tran ◽

Giang Thu Vu ◽

Kiet Tuan Huy Pham ◽

Quan-Hoang Vuong ◽

Manh-Tung Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Working Hours ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Problems ◽

Industrial Workers ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Depressive disorders have been found to be a significant health issue among industrial workers, resulting from work-related factors and causing serious burdens for the workers as well as their employers. Literature on mental health problems of Vietnamese industrial workers has been limited, despite the rapid foreign investment-fueled industrialization process of the country. This study aimed to fill the gap in literature by examining the prevalence of depressive disorders and their potential associated factors among a cohort of Vietnamese industrial workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 industrial areas in Hanoi and Bac Ninh. A total of 289 workers agreed to participate in the study. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to identify associated factors with depression status of respondents. 38.6% of participants reported suffering depression. Factors found to be positively associated with the possibility of having depression and higher PHQ9 score were long working hours, suffering more health problems, and health hazards exposure at work. Meanwhile, being females, having more children, living with parents, engaging in smoking, and being local workers were found to correlate with lower likelihood of being depressed. The findings suggested the importance of regular health screening, work safety assurance, and social support outside of workplace on the mental health of the workers.

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A populational based study on the prevalence of neonatal near miss in a city located in the South of Brazil: prevalence and associated factors

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil ◽

10.1590/1806-93042017000100009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 159-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guilherme Alberto Silva ◽

Karin Alana Rosa ◽

Elizabeth Schirin Farahani Saguier ◽

Elisa Henning ◽

Fatima Mucha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Near Miss ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Live Births ◽

South Of Brazil ◽

The City ◽

Neonatal Near Miss

Abstract Objectives: to identify the prevalence of neonatal near miss morbidity in the city of Joinville, SC and the associated factors. Methods: a populational based cross-sectional study including all live births in 2012 registered at SINASC. The near miss cases were identified based on the weight <1500g, Apgar scores at 5th minute <7, gestational age <32 weeks, use of mechanical ventilation or presence of congenital malformation. The gross odds ratios (OR) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated and the logistic regression was performed to obtain the adjusted odds ratios and its respective 95% CI. Results: the prevalence of near miss was 33 per thousand live births (95% CI: 29-37). In the final model, a risk classification of live births according to the City Program (Programa Municipal) (ORaj= 19.7; 95% CI: 14.2 to 27.2), cesarean section (ORaj= 2.1; 95% CI:1.5 to 2.8) and public hospital (ORaj= 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.3) remained associated to morbidity near miss. Conclusions: near miss morbidity was 7.3 times higher than neonatal mortality. To know its determinants in different national contexts may include some changes in the focus of public health actions by redirecting to preventive interventions.

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Neonatal Near Misses and Associated Factors Among Mother's Who Give a Live Neonate at Hawassa City Governmental Hospitals, 2019. A Facility Based Cross-Sectional Study Design

10.21203/rs.3.rs-70854/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anteneh Tekola Fikrie ◽

Genet Ake Baye ◽

Elias Hadona Amaje ◽

Kebede Tefera

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Near Miss ◽

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Near Misses ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Neonatal Near Miss

Abstract Background: Neonatal near miss is a neonate who nearly died but survived from a severe complication occurred during pregnancy, birth or within 0-28 days of extra-uterine life. However, there is no available data that quantifies the magnitude of neonatal near miss in Ethiopia where there is high prevalence of neonatal mortality. Therefore, this study is designed to provide information about the magnitude and associated factors of neonatal near miss among women who give a live birth at Hawassa City Governmental hospitals, 2019. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 604 mothers who gave live neonates at Adare General Hospital and Hawassa University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital from May 9, 2019 to June 7, 2019. Face to face interviewer administered structured questionnaire with a supplementation of maternal and neonatal medical records with checklists were used to collect the data. Data were coded and entered in to Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science IBM version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was run and the data were presented using frequency tables and figure. The bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the possible factors of neonatal near miss. Finally, Adjusted Odds Ratio and 95% Confidence Intervals were used to declare statsticall significance. Result Among all 604 selected live births an overall proportion of Neonatal Near Misses (NNM) cases, 202 (33.4 %;) (95% CI: 29.7%-37.1%) was obtained. Respiratory distress 158 (94%) and infection or sepsis 138 (84%) were found to be the leading causes of NNM cases in our study. Employed (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.46- 6.44), Pregnancy induced Hypertension (AOR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.27-0.69) and Cesarean Section (AOR=0.49; 95%CI: 0.33-0.71) were significantly associated with neonatal near miss. Conclusion: This study revealed relatively high prevalence of neonatal near miss in the study areas. Employed women, pregnancy induced hypertension and cesarean section mode of delivery were found to be independent factors affecting the prevalence of NNM cases. Therefore, HUCSH and Adare general Hospitals should focus on proving quality antenatal care and prevention of occupational related problems among pregnant women.

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The magnitude of neonatal near miss and associated factors among live births in public hospitals of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020: A facility-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251609 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251609

Author(s):

Merertu Wondimu ◽

Fikadu Balcha ◽

Girma Bacha ◽

Aklilu Habte

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Near Miss ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Southwest Ethiopia ◽

Jimma Zone ◽

Neonatal Near Miss

Background Neonates with severe complications at birth or during the neonatal period who nearly died but survived constitute neonatal near miss (NNM) cases. Identifying NNM cases and correcting contributing factors are of the utmost importance to get relevant controls for neonatal deaths. However, limited studies are assessing the prevalence of NNM and associated factors with NNM cases in Ethiopia. So, this study is aimed at assessing the magnitude of neonatal near miss and associated factors among live births in public hospitals of Jimma zone, southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 neonates from April 1–30 / 2020. Face to face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the mothers and a standard checklist was used for their neonates. The data was encoded and entered into Epi-Data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Independent variables with marginal associations (p-value <0.25) in the bivariable analysis were eligible for multivariable logistic regression analysis to detect an association with outcome variables. Finally, adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CI were used to estimate the strength of associations, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result The magnitude of NNM was 26.7% with [95%CI: 21.6–32.5]. Hypertension during pregnancy [AOR: 3.4; 95%CI: 1.32–8.88], mode of delivery [AOR: 3.32; 95%CI: 1.48–7.45], Obstructed labor [AOR: 2.95; 95%CI: 1.32–6.45] and non-vertex fetal presentation during delivery [AOR: 4.61; 95%CI: 2.16–9.84] were identified as significantly predictors of NNM. Conclusion and recommendation Over a quarter of the neonates were with NNM cases, which is relatively higher than the report of studies done in other countries. Hypertension during pregnancy, cesarean delivery, prolonged labor, and non-vertex fetal presentation were all found to increase the likelihood of NNM. Therefore, concerted efforts are needed from local health planners and health care providers to improve maternal health care services especially in early identification of the complications and taking appropriate management.

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Knowledge and Practice of Employed Mothers towards Exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Associated Factors in Mecha District, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/4820582 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Amare Lisanu Mazengia ◽

Hibru Demissie

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Maternity Leave ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Working Hours ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Employed Mothers ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Background. Exclusive breastfeeding is an important strategy for improving child health. However, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among employees is very low in developing countries including Ethiopia. Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of employed mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding and its associated factors in Mecha district, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 05 to June 30, 2019. A stratified random sampling technique was applied. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 software. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of knowledge and practice. Result. A total of 449 participants were enrolled with a response rate of 95.54%. The study revealed that 92.1% (95% CI: (89.5–94.6)) of participants had good knowledge. However, only 38.5% (95% CI: (33.8–42.9)) employed mothers breastfeed their babies exclusively. Certain predictors such as maternity leave (AOR = 0.31, 95% CI:(0.10–0.91), p value = 0.03), mothers’ level of education (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: (1.66–5.34), p value <0.001), support from husbands(AOR = 0.26, 95% CI (0.14–0.47), p value <0.001), and actual time to return back to their work(AOR = 0.21; 95% CI: (0.08–0.51), p value = 0.01) were statistically associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions and Recommendations. The knowledge and practice of employed mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding were affected by the number of predictors. Exclusive breastfeeding practice among employed mothers was low. It is advisable to give some flexible working hours for breastfeeding mothers.

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Perception of Community Pharmacists towards Dispensing Errors in Community Pharmacy Setting in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/2137981 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Dessalegn Asmelashe Gelayee ◽

Gashaw Binega Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacists ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gondar Town ◽

Dispensing Errors

Background. Dispensing errors are inevitable occurrences in community pharmacies across the world. Objective. This study aimed to identify the community pharmacists’ perception towards dispensing errors in the community pharmacies in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 47 community pharmacists selected through convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U test, and Pearson’s Chi-square test of independence were conducted with P≤0.05 considered statistically significant. Result. The majority of respondents were in the 23–28-year age group (N=26, 55.3%) and with at least B.Pharm degree (N=25, 53.2%). Poor prescription handwriting and similar/confusing names were perceived to be the main contributing factors while all the strategies and types of dispensing errors were highly acknowledged by the respondents. Group differences (P<0.05) in opinions were largely due to educational level and age. Conclusion. Dispensing errors were associated with prescribing quality and design of dispensary as well as dispensing procedures. Opinion differences relate to age and educational status of the respondents.

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Prevalence of neonatal near miss and associated factors in Nepal: a cross-sectional study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03894-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rajbanshi Sushma ◽

Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽

Nik Hussain Nik Hazlina

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Newborn Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Near Miss ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact ◽

Neonatal Near Miss

Abstract Background The rate of neonatal mortality has declined but lesser than the infant mortality rate and remains a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on newborn care, especially during the first 24 h after birth and the early neonatal period. Neonatal near miss (NNM) is an emerging concept similar to that of maternal near miss. NNM events occur three to eight times more often than neonatal deaths. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of NNM and identify its associated factors. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Koshi Hospital, Morang district, Nepal. Neonates and their mothers of unspecified maternal age and gestational age were enrolled. Key inclusion criteria were pragmatic and management markers of NNM and admission of newborn infants to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Koshi Hospital. Non-Nepali citizens were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used until the required sample size of 1,000 newborn infants was reached. Simple and multiple logistic regression was performed using SPSS® version 24.0. Results One thousand respondents were recruited. The prevalence of NNM was 79 per 1,000 live births. Severe maternal morbidity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.07–9.84) and no formal education (aOR 2.16; 95% CI 1.12–4.14) had a positive association with NNM, while multiparity (aOR 0.52; 95% CI 0.32–0.86) and caesarean section (aOR 0.44; 95% CI 0.19–0.99) had negative associations with NNM. Conclusions Maternal characteristics and complications were associated with NNM. Healthcare providers should be aware of the impact of obstetric factors on newborn health and provide earlier interventions to pregnant women, thus increasing survival chances of newborns.

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Prevalence of Percutaneous Injuries and Associated Factors Among a Sample of Midwives in Hunan Province, China

Workplace Health & Safety ◽

10.1177/2165079920914923 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 422-431

Author(s):

Wenjing Cao ◽

Nanlin Cao ◽

Mei Gu ◽

Pan Li ◽

Min Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organizational Climate ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Safety Climate ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Working Hours ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital Size

Background: Percutaneous injuries and blood-borne-related infections pose occupational hazards to healthcare professionals. However, the prevalence and associated factors for these hazards among midwives in Hunan Province, China are poorly documented. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 1,282 eligible midwives in the cities of Yongzhou, Chenzhou, Hengyang, and Changsha in Hunan Province, China, from January 2017 to July 2017. The association of selected independent variables with percutaneous injuries was investigated using binary logistic regression. Results: 992 participants responded (77.3%), and within the previous 12 months, 15.7% experienced percutaneous injuries. In multivariate analysis, hospital size, age, length of employment as a midwife, weekly working hours, and three aspects of Hospital Safety Climate Scale were associated with percutaneous injuries. The risk of percutaneous injuries among the midwives working in hospitals with ≤399 beds was higher than that among those working in hospitals with ≥400 beds by nearly 3 times. Furthermore, the percutaneous injury prevalence of midwives decreased as age increased. Moreover, the probability of percutaneous injuries among the midwives with weekly working hours of >40 was 4.35 times higher compared with that among midwives with weekly working hours of ≤40. Conclusion/Application to practice: The prevalence of percutaneous injuries among midwives in the study hospitals was substantial. Our results further proved that risk mitigation strategies tailored to midwives are needed to reduce this risk. These strategies include ensuring a positive organizational climate, providing highly safe devices, and reducing the workload.

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Prevalence of neonatal near miss and associated factors in Nepal: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42794/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sushma Rajbanshi ◽

Norhayati Mohd Noor ◽

Nik Hazlina Nik Hussain

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Newborn Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Near Miss ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Near Miss

Abstract Background: Unlike the infant mortality rate, the rate of neonatal mortality has not significantly declined and remains a major health challenge in the low- and middle-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on newborn care, especially during the first 24 hours after birth and the early neonatal period. Neonatal near miss (NNM) is an emerging concept similar to that of maternal near miss. NNM events occur three to eight times more often than neonatal deaths. The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of NNM and identify its associated factors. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Koshi Hospital, Morang district, Nepal. Neonates and their mothers of unspecified maternal age and number of gestational weeks were enrolled. The key inclusion criterion was the pragmatic and management markers of NNM, and admission of newborn infants to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Koshi Hospital. Non-Nepali citizens were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used until the required sample size of 1,000 newborn infants was reached. Simple and multiple logistic regression was performed using SPSS® version 24.0.Results: One thousand respondents were recruited. Prevalence of NNM was 79 per 1,000 live births. Severe maternal morbidity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.07–9.84), no education (aOR 2.16; 95% CI 1.12–4.14), multiparity (aOR 0.52; 95% CI 0.32–0.86), and caesarean section (aOR 0.44: 95% CI 0.19–0.99) were associated with NNM. Conclusions: Prevalence of NNM in Nepal was 7.9%. Mothers’ obstetric factors, maternal complications and education were associated with NNM. Women in referral hospitals should have safer access to caesarean section and be prepared for NICU intervention to save mothers and their newborns.

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