scholarly journals A filosofia como matéria de ensino no Brasil: gênese e atualidade dos processos históricos

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Francis Silva de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pendular Movement

O ensino da filosofia se destaca como parte a ser reconhecida nos processos históricos de organização da educação no Brasil pela força dos interesses políticos que se encontram atravessados desde os primeiros traços da pedagogia catequética jesuítica. Por essa razão, propomos, neste texto, revisitar a história da educação brasileira para compreender o movimento pendular de inclusão e exclusão da filosofia como matéria de ensino, analisar as razões ideológicas que justificam este movimento, e, por fim, evidenciar os contornos e as formas teóricas próprias que modificaram suas características enquanto disciplina do currículo escolar. Para tanto, buscamos apoio teórico em Ceppas (2010), Cartolano (1985), Gallo e Kohan (2000) e Saviani (2010). Trata-se de uma discussão que se desdobra nos entremeios das narrativas históricas da educação brasileira, e que nos permite não só identificar os movimentos de inclusão e exclusão da filosofia nos programas educacionais a partir do século XVI, mas, sobretudo, colocar em questão o modo como esses interesses políticos forjaram os diferentes ideais de homem e sociedade dos quais somos herdeiros.Palavras-chave: História; Filosofia; Currículo; Ensino. ABSTRACT: The teaching of philosophy highligts as part to be recognized in the historical processes of educational organization in Brazil by the force of political interests that have been crossed since the first traits of jesuit catechetical pedagogy. For this reason, we propose, in this text, to revisit the history of brazilian education to compreend the pendular movement of inclusion and exclusion of philosophy as a teaching subject, analyzing the ideological reasons that justify this movement, and, at the end, highlights the contourns and theorical ways that modifiered this characteristics while subject in the school curriculum. For this, we seek theoretical support in Ceppas (2010), Cartolano (1985), Gallo and Kohan (2000) and Saviani (2010). It is a discussion that unfolds in the intertwining of historical narratives of Brazilian education, and that allows us not only to identify the movements of inclusion and exclusion of philosophy in educational programs from the sixteenth century, but above all to question how these political interests forged the different ideals of man and society from which we are heirs.Keywords: History; Philosophy; Curriculum; Teaching.

scholarly journals The Social History of a Genre

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Orsini
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
North India ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epochal Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Material Form

Tales are ubiquitous in the literary culture of pre-modern North India, as elsewhere, and they come in all shapes, languages and inflections. For this reason, tracking them allows us to travel into and across most of the milieux of this multilingual literary culture. But precisely because of their ubiquity, when we move from the micro level of individual texts to the macro level of literary culture and historical processes, it becomes difficult to say anything more than ‘they were there, they circulated, they usually retold the same stories in new ways or mixed familiar elements to produce new narratives’. Yet if we pay precise attention to their articulation and re-articulation of cultural and social imaginaries, the particular linguistic textures and aesthetic emphasis, material form and evidence of patronage, the shifting extent of circulation and popularity, we can use the longuedurée history of the katha genre to illuminate the historical dynamics of cultural and aesthetic change in the region in ways that intersect, connect and question macro-historical narratives of dynastic and epochal change.

Fellowship and Freedom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Leng
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
Trading Company ◽  
Northwest Europe ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

This is the first modern study of the Fellowship of Merchant Adventurers—sixteenth-century England’s premier trading company—in its final century of existence as a privileged organization. Over this period the company’s main trade, the export of cloth to northwest Europe, was overshadowed by rising traffic with the wider world, whilst its privileges were continually criticized in an era of political revolution. But the company and its membership were not passive victims of these changes; rather, they were active participants in the commercial and political dramas of the century. Using thousands of neglected private merchant papers, the book views the company from the perspective of its members, in the process bringing to life the complex social worlds of early modern merchants. It addresses the challenge of maintaining corporate unity in the face of internal disagreements and external attacks. It restores the centrality of the Merchant Adventurers within three important historical narratives: England’s transition from the margins to the centre of the European, and later global, economy; the rise and fall of the merchant corporation as a major form of commercial government in premodern Europe; and the political history of the corporation in an era of state formation and revolution.

scholarly journals Friction in the Archives: Storytelling in Sixteenth-Century Anabaptism

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-138
Author(s):  
Erin Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Early History ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of

The writings of martyrs have been at the centre of the history of Reformation-era Anabaptism since the sixteenth century itself, and scholars have long used them as sources of information about a persecuted and typically clandestine community. Based on a rare confluence in the surviving source material—a martyr’s prison letter and a repentant Anabaptist’s request for pardon that provide two different narratives of closely related events—this article reframes martyrological narratives as stories that reveal much about the subjectivity of their authors and the ways in which they shaped the early history of Anabaptism. At the same time, pardon tales can introduce new perspectives into historical narratives that were, over the course of centuries, inscribed as truth through communal practices of singing and reading. Les écrits de martyrs ont été au centre de l’histoire de l’anabaptisme de la période de la Réforme dès le début du XVIe, et la recherche les a longtemps utilisés comme documents sur une communauté persécutée et typiquement clandestine. À partir d’une convergence remarquable entre les sources qui nous sont parvenues — la lettre d’un martyr emprisonné et la requête de pardon d’un anabaptiste repentant, donnant toutes deux un récit comparable des événements — cet article montre que ces récits de martyrs peuvent être revus de façon à révéler la subjectivité de leurs auteurs dans leur récit des débuts de l’anabaptisme. Simultanément, les récits de pardon peuvent amener une nouvelle perspective sur les récits de nature historique, et qui ont acquis, avec le temps, à travers les pratiques du chant et de la lecture en communauté, valeur de vérité.

scholarly journals Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Macknight
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
First Century ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Modern Era

Historical Reflections/Réflexions historiques is dedicated to publishing work across all fields of intellectual-cultural history and the history of religion and mentalities. The five articles brought together in this issue are by historians who specialize in the modern era; their contributions featured here extend in chronological range from the sixteenth century to the twenty-first century. These writings all demonstrate the journal’s longstanding interest in the historical processes by which new ideas are generated, transmitted and received in societies.

European Integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann P. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Different understandings of European integration, its background and present problems are represented in this book, but they share an emphasis on historical processes, geopolitical dynamics and regional diversity. The introduction surveys approaches to the question of European continuities and discontinuities, before going on to an overview of chapters. The following three contributions deal with long-term perspectives, including the question of Europe as a civilisational entity, the civilisational crisis of the twentieth century, marked by wars and totalitarian regimes, and a comparison of the European Union with the Habsburg Empire, with particular emphasis on similar crisis symptoms. The next three chapters discuss various aspects and contexts of the present crisis. Reflections on the Brexit controversy throw light on a longer history of intra-Union rivalry, enduring disputes and changing external conditions. An analysis of efforts to strengthen the EU’s legal and constitutional framework, and of resistances to them, highlights the unfinished agenda of integration. A closer look at the much-disputed Islamic presence in Europe suggests that an interdependent radicalization of Islamism and the European extreme right is a major factor in current political developments. Three concluding chapters adopt specific regional perspectives. Central and Eastern European countries, especially Poland, are following a path that leads to conflicts with dominant orientations of the EU, but this also raises questions about Europe’s future. The record of Scandinavian policies in relation to Europe exemplifies more general problems faced by peripheral regions. Finally, growing dissonances and divergences within the EU may strengthen the case for Eurasian perspectives.

The Book of Common Prayer: A Guide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Hefling
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Book Of Common Prayer ◽  
Prayer Book ◽  
Corporate Worship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Prayer ◽  
The Church

This book surveys the contents and the history of the Book of Common Prayer, a sacred text which has been a foundational document of the Church of England and the other churches in the worldwide community of Anglican Christianity. The Prayer Book is primarily a liturgical text—a set of scripts for enacting events of corporate worship. As such it is at once a standard of theological doctrine and an expression of spirituality. The first part of this survey begins with an examination of one Prayer Book liturgy, known as Divine Service, in some detail. Also discussed are the rites for weddings, ordinations, and funerals and for the sacraments of Baptism and Communion. The second part considers the original version of the Book of Common Prayer in the context of the sixteenth-century Reformation, then as revised and built into the Elizabethan settlement of religion in England. Later chapters discuss the reception, revision, rejection, and restoration of the Prayer Book during its first hundred years. The establishment of the text in its classical form in 1662 was followed by a “golden age” in the eighteenth century, which included the emergence of a modified version in the United States. The narrative concludes with a chapter on the displacement of the Book of Common Prayer as a norm of Anglican identity. Two specialized chapters concentrate on the Prayer Book as a visible artifact and as a text set to music.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Fitter
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social History ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Measure For Measure ◽  
History Of

Introducing the relatively recent discovery by the ‘new social history’ of an intelligent and sceptical Tudor popular politics, incorporated into the functioning of the state only precariously and provisionally, often insurgent in the sixteenth century, and wooed by discontented elites inadvertently creating a nascent public sphere, this chapter discusses the varied types and fortunes of plebeian resistance. It also surveys the leading ideas of the new historiography, and suggests the need to rethink the politics of Shakespeare’s plays in the light of their exuberant or embittered penetration by plebeian perspectives. Finally, it examines Measure for Measure in the light of its resistance to the polarizing, anti-populist climate of the late Elizabethan ‘reformation of manners’.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Early Modern History ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Renaissance

This chapter explores the material culture of everyday life in late-Renaissance Paris by setting L’Estoile’s diaries and after-death inventory against a sample of the inventories of thirty-nine of his colleagues. L’Estoile and his family lived embedded in the society of royal office-holders and negotiated their place in its hierarchy with mixed success. His home was cramped and his wardrobe rather shabby. The paintings he displayed in the reception rooms reveal his iconoclastic attitude to the visual, contrasting with the overwhelming number of Catholic devotional pictures displayed by his colleagues. Yet the collection he stored in his study and cabinet made him stand out in his milieu as a distinguished curieux. It deserves a place in the early modern history of collecting, as his example reveals that the civil wars might be a stimulus as much as a disruption to collecting in sixteenth-century France.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rembert Lutjeharms
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Poetry And Poetics ◽  
Sanskrit Poetics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sanskrit Poetry ◽  
The Way

This chapter introduces the main themes of the book—Kavikarṇapūra, theology, Sanskrit poetry, and Sanskrit poetics—and provides an overview of each chapter. It briefly highlights the importance of the practice of poetry for the Caitanya Vaiṣṇava tradition, places Kavikarṇapūra in the (political) history of sixteenth‐century Bengal and Orissa as well as sketches his place in the early developments of the Caitanya Vaiṣṇava tradition (a topic more fully explored in Chapter 1). The chapter also reflects more generally on the nature of both his poetry and poetics, and highlights the way Kavikarṇapūra has so far been studied in modern scholarship.

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