scholarly journals Analysis of the current state of global public health in order to update forecasting the development of the health tourism market

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Galina D. Bryukhanova ◽  
◽  
Galina M. Romanova ◽  
Vladimir N. Gorodin ◽  
Elena V. Dautova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Human Pathology

The first half of this century will undoubtedly be a turning point in a new understanding of the problems of interdependence of non-infectious human pathology and infectious diseases, the image and quality of life of the individual and society as a whole, the system of organization of medical care to the population. For a fairly short time by historical standards, the priority for the population of developed countries was the consumer type of behavior, including in relation to their own health, when the “fashion” for certain diets, forms of leisure, lifestyle appeared and disappeared (including tourism is often with a disdainful attitude of travelers to possible consequences for their own health)– and all this against a relatively prosperous epidemiological background in conditions of unsystematic consumption of information, the growing need to stimulate physical strength and psychological state with pharmacological drugs, non-alcoholic tonic drinks, new forms of tobacco smoking and other harmful methods. However, due to the global incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) The World Health Organization (WHO) and national States have reconfigured medical care systems to high-tech personalized medicine without taking into account epidemiological risks, with the exception of alertness about infections associated with the provision of medical care to patients. Predictors of a sudden exacerbation of the epidemiological situation in the national and global scientific and practical health agenda remained, as a rule, mainly in the discussion field of specialists in the field of infectious diseases — infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, bacteriologists, molecular biologists. The sudden and rapidly spreading coronavirus infection COVID-19 with a rapid transition to a pandemic forced us to reconsider priorities in the personal and public life of the inhabitants of the planet, in the organization of medical and sanitary services, in the relationship between man and the state, as well as radically modify and transform the market of health tourism. The formation of a forecast regarding the future contours, development trends and the content of health tourism is an urgent task in connection with the unprecedented pressure of the pandemic on public health, on the tourist market in general and on its individual types and directions associated with medicine, in particular.

Substantiation of the Сontemporary Сomplex Functional-Organizational Model of the Dermatovenerologic Service of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (32) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
V. Korolenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Organizational Model ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Professional Self

Introduction. The health of the population and everyone is one of the greatest values ​​of our state. The transformation of the domestic healthcare sector is a key area of ​​its socio-political and economic development. The problems of socially significant specialized medical services, one of which is the dermatovenereologic service play an important role. Priority areas for counteracting the spread of socially dangerous diseases of dermatovenereologic profile are defined by World Health Organization strategic documents, which reflect the full range of services for patients with sexually transmitted infections and public health, taking into account the principle of universal coverage of health services. Development of dermatovenereology service in Ukraine in accordance with the priorities of state policy, United Nations sustainable development goals for 2016–2030, European Union policy requires improvement of this service taking into account the existing challenges and threats, development and implementation of its effective science-based functional and organizational model. The aim of the study. Improvement of dermatovenereologic service by substantiation of modern complex functional-organizational model. Materials and methods. Methods of system and process approach, bibliosemantic, medical-statistical, structural-logical analysis, modeling of policies of introduction of changes in dermatovenereologic service are used. Results. The principles and measures of counteraction to socially significant and socially dangerous dermatovenereologic pathology are substantiated, which are determined on the basis of the results of analysis of its prevalence, real state of struggle against it and taking into account provisions of strategic documents of state and international levels. A functional and organizational model of the dermatovenereologic service has been developed, which provides for an interdisciplinary, intersectoral and interdisciplinary approach to the development of the dermatovenereologic service, involving existing, improved and completely new structural elements (sexually transmitted infections units in public health centers, remote health units in regional dermatovenereologic centers, a body of professional self-government) in order to rationally coordinate the various links in the provision of medical care to dermatovenereologic patients. These structural elements ensure the performance of basic functions: management, coordination, logistics, information and analytical, training and management of personnel, scientific support, medical care, professional self-government, communication. The model was developed based on the results of the analysis of opinion polls of dermatovenereologists, patients and healthcare managers. The implementation of the model will allow optimizing the use of resources of the service and the healthcare system in general; improve the quality, efficiency and availability of dermatovenereologic care. Expert evaluation of the proposed model showed its innovativeness and compliance with the principles of complexity and continuity in the provision of medical care. Conclusions. The proposed conceptual functional and organizational model of dermatovenereologic service has a preventive focus, based on the principles of complexity, intersectoral and multidisciplinary approaches, patient-centeredness, scientific, high-tech, which can provide quality, affordable and effective prevention, diagnostics and treatment.

scholarly journals Globalisation of Diseases: The Challenges of COVID-19 Pandemic and Public Health System in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Ayesoro Sunday Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenging Situation

Globalisation is a process that integrates the world socio-economic system through trade liberalization, the free movement of people, technologies and information. It has equally made the spread of infectious diseases much easier globally. In essence, infectious diseases such as COVID-19, are easily transmitted across the countries of the world through the network created by globalisation poses serious challenges to the world health system, particularly developing countries like Nigeria. Public health system in Nigeria is overwhelmed by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which further exposes the country to the adverse effects of globalisation such as dependence and unequal relationship between her and the developed countries. Although the challenging situation provides Nigeria an opportunity to overhaul her public health system, the current poor global economy has further worsened the problems. This paper analyses the situation, and recommends that Nigerian government should look inward to develop her Public health system in a more sustainable way, also, the economy should be repositioned to reduce the level of dependence, and resources should be redirected to adequately fund education and research to support the health sector. The analysis is based on the premises of dependency perspective

scholarly journals A STUDY ON EFFECTS OF MENTAL HEALTH ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER – AN ONLINE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan Yallappa Jotibannad ◽  
Kalagi Amit Kumar ◽  
Vijayaraj N
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Corona Virus

Background: A new corona virus was subsequently identified and was temporarily named the 2019 new corona virus. On 30th January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the emergence of a replacement corona virus (2019-nCoV) was a public health emergency of international concern. Infectious diseases became one among the main threats to global public health within the twenty first century; such diseases impact both physical health and psychological state. PTSD in youth is common and debilitating. In contrast to adult PTSD, relatively little is understood about the neurobiology of paediatric PTSD. This study is an effort to explore the Assessment of suspected covid 19 children for perceived levels of stress during covid 19 outbreaks. Methods: The information required for the study was obtained through online means. Consent was obtained orally over phone before proceeding with the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographics variables and the questionnaire was shared online via Whatsapp and/or other means. The questionnaire was given in English. The Children’s Impact of Event Scale (CRIES 13) was used and the questions were multiple choice question (MCQ) type with 1 best response. In case of the patient not having an appropriate phone they were interviewed over the phone and the collected data was statistically analysed to ascertain any significance and association between each variable. Results: Out of 54 children, two of them were found to have a score of 30 on CRIES ScaleConclusion: The findings of the study suggest that paediatric PTSD is almost identical to adult PTSD, which has significant p value. It is necessary to recognise the initial psychological impact of the pandemic on children and help them receive immediate attention. Keywords: Covid 19 pandemic, PTSD, CRIES, children’s, DSM -5

Mandatory vaccination against COVID-19 would be supported by less than fifty per cent: A Twitter poll analysis on public health opinion. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Ritschl ◽  
Fabian Eibensteiner ◽  
Erika Mosor ◽  
Maisa Omara ◽  
Lisa Sperl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccination Coverage Rate ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination

BACKGROUND On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) Emergency Committee declared the rapid worldwide spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global health emergency. By December 2020, the safety and efficacy of the first COVID-19 vaccines had been demonstrated. However, global vaccination coverage rates have remained below expectations. Mandatory vaccination is now being controversially discussed and has been enacted in some developed countries, while the vaccination rate is very low in many developing countries. We used the Twitter survey system as a viable method to quickly and comprehensively gather international public health insights on mandatory vaccination against COVID-19. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to understand better the public's perception of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination in real-time utilizing Twitter polls. METHODS Two Twitter polls were developed to seek the public's opinion on the possibility of mandatory vaccination. The polls were pinned to the Digital Health and Patient Safety Platform's Twitter timeline for one week in mid-November 2021, three days after the official public announcement of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination in Austria. Twitter users were asked to participate and retweet the polls to reach the largest possible audience. RESULTS Our Twitter polls revealed two extremes on the topic of mandatory vaccination against COVID-19. Almost half of the respondents (49% [1,246/2,545]) favour mandatory vaccination, at least in certain areas. This attitude is in contrast to the 45.7% (1,162/2,545) who categorically reject mandatory vaccination. 26.3% (621/2,365) of participating Twitter users said they would never get vaccinated, which is reflected by the current vaccination coverage rate. Concatenating interpretation of these two polls needs to be done cautiously as participating populations might greatly differ. CONCLUSIONS Mandatory vaccination against COVID-19 (in at least certain areas) is favoured by less than 50%, whereas it is vehemently opposed by almost half of the surveyed Twitter users. Since (social) media strongly influences public perceptions and views through and social media discussions and surveys specifically susceptible to the "echo chamber effect", the results can be seen as a momentary snapshot. Therefore, the results of this study need to be complemented by long-term surveys to maintain their validity.

OBESITY IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION: LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Donizete Tavares Da Silva ◽  
Priscila De Sousa Barros Lima ◽  
Renato Sampaio Mello Neto ◽  
Gustavo Magalhães Valente ◽  
Débora Dias Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (1) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic and a threat to global public health (2). The virus mainly affects the lungs and can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, coronavirus 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARSCOV2) also has devastating effects on other important organs, including the circulatory system, brain, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver

scholarly journals An Uncertain Risk: The World Health Organization's Account of H1N1

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeepa Abeysinghe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
World Health ◽  
Scientific Uncertainty ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
Health Organization

ArgumentScientific uncertainty is fundamental to the management of contemporary global risks. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the start of the H1N1 Influenza Pandemic. This declaration signified the risk posed by the spread of the H1N1 virus, and in turn precipitated a range of actions by global public health actors. This article analyzes the WHO's public representation of risk and examines the centrality of scientific uncertainty in the case of H1N1. It argues that the WHO's risk narrative reflected the context of scientific uncertainty in which it was working. The WHO argued that it was attempting to remain faithful to the scientific evidence, and the uncertain nature of the threat. However, as a result, the WHO's public risk narrative was neither consistent nor socially robust, leading to the eventual contestation of the WHO's position by other global public health actors, most notably the Council of Europe. This illustrates both the significance of scientific uncertainty in the investigation of risk, and the difficulty for risk managing institutions in effectively acting in the face of this uncertainty.

scholarly journals Four pandemics: lessons learned, lessons lost

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Health Organization

In the past 100 years, the world has faced four distinctly different pandemics: the Spanish flu of 1918-1919, the SARS pandemic of 2003, the H1N1 or “swine flu” pandemic of 2012, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Each public health crisis exposed specific systemic shortfalls and provided public health lessons for future events. The Spanish flu revealed a nursing shortage and led to a great appreciation of nursing as a profession. SARS showed the importance of having frontline clinicians be able to work with regulators and those producing guidelines. H1N1 raised questions about the nature of a global organization such as the World Health Organization in terms of the benefits and potential disadvantages of leading the fight against a long-term global public health threat. In the era of COVID-19, it seems apparent that we are learning about both the blessing and curse of social media.

scholarly journals Global Governance of Anti-microbial Resistance: A Legal and Regulatory Toolkit

2020 ◽  
pp. 401-420
Author(s):  
Calvin W. L. Ho ◽  
Tsung-Ling Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Recognizing that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to global public health, the World Health Organization (WHO) has adopted a Global Action Plan (GAP) at the May 2015 World Health Assembly. Underscoring that systematic misuse and overuse of drugs in human medicine and food production is a global public health concern, the GAP-AMR urges concerted efforts across governments and private sectors, including pharmaceutical industry, medical professionals, agricultural industry, among others. The GAP has a threefold aim: (1) to ensure a continuous use of effective and safe medicines for treatment and prevention of infectious diseases; (2) to encourage a responsible use of medicines; and (3) to engage countries to develop their national actions on AMR in keeping with the recommendations. While the GAP is a necessary step to enable multilateral actions, it must be supported by effective governance in order to realize the proposed aims. This chapter has a threefold purpose: (1) To identify regulatory principles embedded in key WHO documents relating to AMR and the GAP-AMR; (2) To consider the legal and regulatory actions or interventions that countries could use to strengthen their regulatory lever for AMR containment; and (3) To highlight the crucial role of the regulatory lever in enabling other levers under a whole-of-system approach. Effective AMR containment requires a clearer understanding of how the regulatory lever could be implemented or enabled within health systems, as well as how it underscores and interacts with other levers within a whole-of-system approach.

Influencing international policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 348-357
Author(s):  
Tim Lang ◽  
Martin Caraher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
International Policy ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

This chapter will help you understand: the relationships between international policy and policy action at multiple levels; why public health practitioners should build an international dimension into their work; how to influence and advance public health internationally, even through local action. The chapter uses examples from the world of food and health policy (on which the authors work) to illustrate the structures and processes of engagement you may encounter. In the policy worlds of both global public health and food, there is a mix of improvement and threats, inequalities alongside progress, fragmentation, and coherence. Similar trends in the global South and developed countries may have underlying drivers at work, resulting in the double burden of disease. It is preferable to ensure that international policies tackle rather than ignore those determinants.

COVID-19: Avoiding a second tragedy in a tuberculosis burdened country

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Raj Yadav ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Nitesh Gupta ◽  
Pranav Ish ◽  
Shibdas Chakrabarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Population ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World

To the EditorNovel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first notified in December 2019 from Wuhan, China. Now, it has spread rapidly and has been declared a pandemic affecting over 200 countries with widespread morbidity and mortality. It has been postulated that the most vulnerable population are the elderly, people living in crowded areas, children and immune-compromised individuals, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The correlation of tuberculosis (TB), HIV and malnutrition are well documented and hence, people with tuberculosis should be considered as special population in this pandemic. TB is an ancient disease among humans recorded as far back as seventy thousand years which was declared a global public health emergency in 1993 by the World Health Organisation (WHO). India has the highest TB burden in the world.

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