Some Aspects of Increasing the Efficiency of Automated Production Lines

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
F.G. Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Integrated Automation ◽  
Automated Line

The article examines the development of mathematical models of automated production lines to determine their efficiency, depending on the following parameters: the number of sections and the number of steams in each section, the number and type of storage buffers, and the number of adjusters. Some issues related to the theory of automated line performance at the design and operation stage are also considered. The existing methods for calculating the efficiency of automated production lines are considered as a stage-by-stage design process, and the necessary decision making rules are defined. It is noted that the technological process is specified in the form of technological transitions. A method for obtaining the lower and upper estimates of productivity and the availability factor are developed. The proposed method involves using computers and assumes, as initial data, the availability of analytical solutions for calculating the efficiency of elementary modules that the automated line is comprised of. Integrated automation leads to improved efficiency of the automated line, better quality of the finished product, and a reduced manufacturing cycle. ed for publication

scholarly journals Representation in Early Stage Design: An Analysis of the Influence of Sketching and Prototyping in Design Projects

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Elsen ◽  
Anders Häggman ◽  
Tomonori Honda ◽  
Maria C. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Design Projects ◽  
Early Stage Design ◽  
Team Design

Sketching and prototyping of design concepts have long been valued as tools to support productive early stage design. This study investigates previous findings about the interplay between the use and timing of use of such design tools. This study evaluates such tools in the context of team design projects. General trends and statistically significant results about “sketchstorming” and prototyping suggest that, in certain constrained contexts, the focus should be on the quality of information rather than on the quantity of information generated, and that prototyping should begin as soon as possible during the design process. Ramifications of these findings are discussed in the context of educating future designers on the efficient use of design tools.

scholarly journals Assessing the Quality of Knowledge for Adaptation–Experiences From Co-designing Climate Services in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin André ◽  
Linn Järnberg ◽  
Åsa Gerger Swartling ◽  
Peter Berg ◽  
David Segersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Services

Adaptation to climate change is becoming more urgent, but the wealth of knowledge that informs adaptation planning and decision-making is not used to its full potential. Top-down approaches to knowledge production are identified as one important reason for the gap between science and practice and are criticized for not meeting the needs of intended users. In response to this challenge, there is a growing interest in the creation of user-oriented and actionable climate services to support adaptation. At the same time, recent research suggests that greater efforts are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of knowledge co-production processes and the best criteria by which to gauge the quality of knowledge outcomes, while also considering different stakeholder perspectives. This paper explores these issues through a critical assessment of the quality of knowledge for adaptation generated from a climate services co-design process in two case studies in Sweden. The study draws on experiences from a 5-year research collaboration in which natural and social science researchers, together with local stakeholders, co-designed climate services to support climate adaptation planning and decision-making. The well-established knowledge quality criteria of credibility, legitimacy, saliency, usability, and usefulness remain relevant, but are not sufficient to capture factors relating to whether and how the knowledge actually is applied by climate change adaptation planners and decision-makers. We observe that case-specific circumstances beyond the scope of the co-design process, including the decision-making context as well as non-tangible outcomes, also play crucial roles that should be accounted for in the knowledge assessment processes.

scholarly journals Optimization of Aggregates Supply for Concrete Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Nicał
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Different Grain Size ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOver the recent years, there is a growing interest in concrete prefabrication. Many of the currently operating concrete plants have implemented systems that increase the quality of manufactured products, have expanded highly automated production lines and have clearly reduced wastes and energy consumption. However, one of the problems often encountered in the construction industry is the inefficient organization of logistics processes. Proper shipments planning of aggregates consisting of the selection of their appropriate quantity and the aggregate stock, corresponding to the needs of concrete plants should contribute to lowering costs. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the optimization, the aim of which is to minimize costs, as well as to maximize the fulfillment of the degree of expected needs of concrete plants. This paper presents a model that allows purchase strategy optimization of aggregates with different grain size fraction. For research purposes, three separate aggregate stocks and five different concrete plants are considered.

The Evaluation of Design Supervision Service Based on the Method of SERQUAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 2494-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Cheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Small Elements

More and more owners realized that design played an important role in project development. So design supervision staffs were employed by owners to achieve effective control of the design process in China. It was necessary for owners to get the objective evaluation of design supervision work in order to pay to supervision. Based on the service characteristic of design supervision, the service quality of design supervision was divided into four indicators as the quality of results, the quality of process, Software and hardware equipment and the supervision fee. These four indicators were divided into 20 small elements further. Then, SERQUAL method was introduced in order to get the results. The evaluation results could be used by owners and stakeholders involved in decision making.

Evaluation of the Academic Setting in Spain 1This study was financed by the University of Oviedo.

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fernández ◽  
Miguel A. Mateo ◽  
José Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Academic Setting ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Evaluation Questionnaire ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The University

The conditions are investigated in which Spanish university teachers carry out their teaching and research functions. 655 teachers from the University of Oviedo took part in this study by completing the Academic Setting Evaluation Questionnaire (ASEQ). Of the three dimensions assessed in the ASEQ, Satisfaction received the lowest ratings, Social Climate was rated higher, and Relations with students was rated the highest. These results are similar to those found in two studies carried out in the academic years 1986/87 and 1989/90. Their relevance for higher education is twofold because these data can be used as a complement of those obtained by means of students' opinions, and the crossing of both types of data can facilitate decision making in order to improve the quality of the work (teaching and research) of the university institutions.

ON THE EXPERT’S RIGHT TO BE PRESENT AT LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
M. G. Shcherbakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Data Acquiring ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses the reasonsfor an expert to participate in legal proceedings. The gnoseological reason for that consists of the bad quality of materials subject to examination that renders the examination either completely impossible or compromises objective, reasoned and reliable assessment of the findings. The procedural reason consists ofa proscription for an expert to collect evidence himself or herself. The author investigates into the ways of how an expert can participate in legal proceedings. If the defense invites an expert to participate in the proceedings, then it is recommended that his or her involvement should be in the presence of attesting witnesses and recorded in the protocol. In the course of the legal proceedings an expert has the following tasks: adding initial data, acquiring new initial data, understanding the situation of the incident, acquiring new objects to be studied, including samples for examination. An expert’s participation in legal proceedings differs from the participation of a specialist or an examination on the scene of the incident. The author describes the tasks that an expert solves in the course of legal proceedings, the peculiarities ofan investigation experiment practices, the selection of samples for an examination, inspection, interrogation.

Why Is Safe Science Good Science?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Kao ◽  
Che-I Kao ◽  
Russell Furr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Good Science ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Obvious Benefit ◽  
New Ideas

In science, safety can seem unfashionable. Satisfying safety requirements can slow the pace of research, make it cumbersome, or cost significant amounts of money. The logic of rules can seem unclear. Compliance can feel like a negative incentive. So besides the obvious benefit that safety keeps one safe, why do some scientists preach "safe science is good science"? Understanding the principles that underlie this maxim might help to create a strong positive incentive to incorporate safety into the pursuit of groundbreaking science.<div><br></div><div>This essay explains how safety can enhance the quality of an experiment and promote innovation in one's research. Being safe induces a researcher to have <b>greater control</b> over an experiment, which reduces the <b>uncertainty</b> that characterizes the experiment. Less uncertainty increases both <b>safety</b> and the <b>quality</b> of the experiment, the latter including <b>statistical quality</b> (reproducibility, sensitivity, etc.) and <b>countless other properties</b> (yield, purity, cost, etc.). Like prototyping in design thinking and working under the constraint of creative limitation in the arts, <b>considering safety issues</b> is a hands-on activity that involves <b>decision-making</b>. Making decisions leads to new ideas, which spawns <b>innovation</b>.</div>

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