The Histological and Hormonal Effect of Aqueous Extract of the Bark of Boswellia dalzielii on the Testis of Male Wistar Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Okike Ezugworie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Hormonal Effect

scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential of Murraya Koenigii (L.) and Ficus Carica L. Extracts Against Aldose Reductase (ALR), Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) Formation and Sorbitol Accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Asma Farooq ◽  
Randhir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Abstract Introduction: Murraya koenigii (L.) and Ficus carica L. are traditionally used plants with significant medicinal and nutritional values. Aim and Objective: The present study was focused on the evaluation of hydro-alcoholic and aqueous extracts of M. koenigii (L.) leaves [MKHA (M. koenigii (L.) hydro-alcoholic extract) and MKAQ (M.koenigii (L.) aqueous extract)] and dried fruits of F. carica L. [FCHA (F. carica L. hydro-alcoholic extract) and FCAQ (F. carica L. aqueous extract)] in the attenuation of markers of microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus which can be further used to investigate the pharmacological activity of these plants in treatment of diabetes and its complications. Material and Method: The attenuating effect of the extracts was evaluated by calculating the ALR1 enzyme inhibition in a kidney of Wistar rat, anti-glycation activity in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and erythrocyte sorbitol accumulation inhibition in heparinized human blood. Results: A significant inhibitory effect (IC50 6.47μg/ml,7.26μg/ml,8.93 μg/ml and 9.66μg/ml) was observed with different concentrations of extracts (MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ) respectively, against ALR enzyme. After the 4th week of incubation, the inhibition of AGEs formation by MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ (500μg/ml) was found to be 82.58%, 78.58%, 74.39% and 69.56% respectively. MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ were found to exhibit significant inhibition against the accumulation of sorbitol in RBCs with IC50 188.88 μg/ml, 247.74μg/ml, 291.94μg/ml and 345.34μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The administration of different concentrations of MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ significantly attenuated ALR, AGEs and sorbitol accumulation; hence, it can provide a basis for identification and development of new inhibitors of these biomarkers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antiulcerogenic activity of aqueous extract of Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) on Wistar rat gastric ulceration

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Amaro de Carvalho ◽  
Kenner Moraes Fernandes ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Pinto Matta ◽  
Marcelo Barreto da Silva ◽  
Leandro Licursi de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Antiulcerogenic Activity

CONTEXT: The cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata) is an herbaceous and leafy plant which belongs to the Brassicaceae family, native to coastal southern and Western Europe. Used in cooking for its nutritional value also has known anti-inflammatory activity. OBJECTIVE We studied the antiulcerogenic activity of aqueous extract of Brassica oleracea var. capitata (AEB) in order to validate ethnobotanical claims regarding the plant use in the gastric disorders. METHOD: Acute gastric ulcers were induced in rats by the oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid. The gastroprotective potential of the AEB (0.250, 0.500 and 1.000 mg.kg-1/body weight) was compared with omeprazole (20 mg.kg-1/body weight). RESULTS: The stomach analysis indicated that treatment with AEB inhibited the gastric damage. The gastroprotective activity as evidenced by its significant inhibition in the formation of ulcers induced by chemical agent with a maximum of 99.44% curation (250 mg.kg-1 body weight) in acetylsalicylic acid-induced ulcers. CONCLUSIONS: The AEB demonstrated good antiulcerogenic activities which justify the inclusion of this plant in the management of gastric disorders. Further experiments are underway to determine which antiulcer mechanisms involved in gastroprotection.

scholarly journals Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of an aqueous extract of Crotalaria retusa (Fabaceae) in Swiss mice and Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Lane Adrien GOH BI ◽  
Noel Kouame TOTO ◽  
Ouga Stanislas ZAHOUI ◽  
Yomalan KASSI ◽  
Semi Anthelme NENE Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Male And Female Rats

The present study is a contribution to the enhancement of Ivorian traditional medicine, by carrying out bio-tolerance tests of an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Crotalaria retusa (EACr) in mice and rats according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 and 407, respectively. The doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight (BW) of the extract were used for acute toxicity. For subacute toxicity which lasted 28 days, doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW have been used. The administration of the single doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW of EACr did not provoke death in female mice in the acute toxicity setting. For subacute toxicity in rats (male and female), the administration of repetitive doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW of EACr over a period of 28 days did not cause death in these animals. In females, these doses caused weight loss and a decrease in platelets. The extract reduced the activity of AST in both sexes of rats. The findings also showed that this extract would possess a nephroprotective property in male and female rats. Keywords: Crotalaria retusa, Acute and subacute toxicities, Wistar rat, Swiss mice

scholarly journals Uricosuric activity of Tinospora cordifolia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Palak A. Shah ◽  
Gaurang B. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Red Dye ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

<p class="Abstract">Uricosuric activity of different extracts of <em>Tinospora cordifolia</em> was studied in hyperuricemia induced in albino Wistar rat using potassium oxonate. The uric acid level in serum and urine were measured.  Uricosuric activity was also evaluated using phenol red dye excretion model.  Phenol red levels were measured in blood. In potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemia, probenecid, aqueous, hydro-alcoholic, dichloromethane extract and galo satwa (starch of <em>T. cordifolia</em>) significantly lowered the serum uric acid levels. All the extracts increased uric acid excretion and decreased the elevated serum uric acid levels induced due to potassium oxonate. Probenecid, aqueous extract and galo satwa significantly increased fractional excretion of uric acid and phenol red levels in blood indicating uricosuria. Polysaccharides in aqueous extract and galo satwa may be responsible for uricosuric action.</p><p class="Abstract"> </p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clips</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/t7ok0iHx8pM">Preparation of extracts</a>                             4 min 22 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/jUyQMEa8rBg">Prepared extracts</a>                                            26 sec      </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/cnxmo69V550">Potassium oxonate induced hyperurecimia</a>   1 min 46 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/A4s8bdqVrls">Injection of red phenol into tail vein</a>                    52 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/aZf3jyKDMUM">Collection of blood</a>                                           16 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/TVbBi-B7xPk">Estimation of uric acid</a>                             1 min 44 sec</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaves and Vitamin C on Lead Acetate-induced Changes in the Thymus of Adult Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
G. N. Okechukwu ◽  
E. Ezor ◽  
E. Finbarrs-Bello ◽  
L. N. Ebube ◽  
G. C. Uzomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Induced Changes

Lead is a heavy metal found in earth’s crust. It is a widespread and insidious environmental toxin known as a severe and aggressive contaminant to human and animal organisms’ health status. This work is aimed at evaluating the effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum (OG) on lead induced changes in the thymus of adult albino wistar rats. Thirty five male Wistar rats were used in the study and were randomly divided into seven groups with five rats in each group. The rats in Group one (G1) served as the Control and received distilled water. Group 2 received 120 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of lead acetate, G3 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG only. G4 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and OG extract at 375 mg/kg bwt., G5 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead and OG at 750 mg/kg bwt. G6 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG in two weeks followed by 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate for one week, while G7 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and Vitamin C at 11900 mg/kg. All the administrations were carried out orally for twenty one (21) days. At the end of the administration, the rats were fasted for 24 hours. They weighted and humanely sacrificed via cervical dislocation. The thymus were harvested in all the groups and prepared for histological studies using routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining techniques. The result of the present study shows that lead possessed a distortive effect in the histoarchitecture of thymus of the wistar rat in G2 when compared with G1. Treatment of these experimental animals with vitamin C prove to posses more ameliorative effect in restoring the histoarchitecture on lead toxicity in the thymus closed to normal than OG. Therefore, it is suggested that aqueous extract OG can act via the same pathway as vitamin C, in maintaining the normal histological structures of the thymus of adult albino wistar rat exposed to lead toxicity.

scholarly journals Neuro-endocrine effects of aqueous extract of Amaranthus viridis (Linn.) leaf in male Wistar rat model of cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladele Abiodun Ayoka ◽  
Opeyemi Esther Ojo ◽  
Eseigbe Christian Imafidon ◽  
Kehinde Aderonke Ademoye ◽  
Abraham Ayowole Oladele
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Endocrine Effects

scholarly journals Estrogenic and Antioxidant Activities of Pterocarpus soyauxii (Fabaceae) Heartwood Aqueous Extract in Bilateral Oophorectomized Wistar Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena ◽  
Pascal Emmanuel Owona ◽  
Michel Noubom ◽  
Michel Arnaud Mbock ◽  
Lohik MbolangNguegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postmenopausal Symptoms ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Phytoestrogens are used to ease postmenopausal symptoms, a property probably due to estrogenic and antioxidant effects. Pterocarpus soyauxii (P. soyauxii) is empirically used in Cameroon to treat among others primary and secondary amenorrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate estrogenic and antioxidant activities of P. soyauxii heartwood aqueous extract in bilateral oophorectomized Wistar rats. Firstly, a characterization of the extract was carried out. For that, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins levels in P. soyauxii extract were evaluated by colorimetric assays and UHPLC-MS analysis was realized. In vitro antioxidant analysis of P. soyauxii was conducted using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Secondly, 2 sets of pharmacologic tests were carried out. The results revealed that P. soyauxii aqueous extract contains, respectively, 229.42 ± 3.62 mg EAG/g, 63.42 ± 2.16 mg EQ/g, and 27.88 ± 0.23 mg ETA/g of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. UHPLC-MS enabled identifying seven components including mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, cembrene, 3′,5′-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays revealed that P. soyauxii extract possessed a high antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 730.20 µg/mL, 892.90 µg/mL, and 765.75 mEAG/g of extract, respectively. In the uterotrophic assay, P. soyauxii extract induced significant increase of fresh uterine weight, uterine and vaginal epithelial size, and mammary glands differentiation compared to Ovx control. In the postmenopausal model, compared to the sham control, vagina and uterine dystrophies were observed in Ovx rats treated with distilled water. P. soyauxii aqueous extract expressed estrogenic-like effects on vagina and did not affect uterine epithelial height compared with vehicle groups. On the back of these vaginotrophic effects, the extract displayed antiatherogenic properties by reducing ( p  < 0.001) AI and LDL cholesterol level as compared to Ovx control group. The extract at 200 mg/kg significantly prevented the increase of MDA ( p  < 0.01) level and decreased nitrites ( p  < 0.001) and GSH ( p  < 0.01) levels compared to Ovx rats. These beneficial effects are related at least in part to the presence of compound such as mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 3′,5′-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. Overall, P. soyauxii aqueous extract exhibits estrogenic and antioxidant effects which can inhibit postmenopausal symptoms by providing vaginal stratification, improving lipid profile and insulin sensitivity, and reducing oxidative stress without side effects on the endometrium and mammary gland in 84-day Ovx rats.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Aqueous Extract of Date Palm Fruits (phoenix dactylifera) on high fat diet- induced Liver Damage in Adult Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
P.O. Onyilo ◽  
S.O. Innih ◽  
G. Ihemeson ◽  
L.U. Ogereka ◽  
S.M. Nweke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Standard Drug

Elevated cholesterol level is a major cause of disease burden in developing Nations. This study seeks to evaluate the ameliorative and hepatoprotective potentials of aqueous extract of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on high fat diet-induced liver damage. Thirty (30) adult wistar rats weighing 110-180g were randomly divided into six group of five animals each, group A served as control while B was exposed to high fat diet only (using margarine brand); Groups C, D and E were given high fat diet with co-treated with the extract at low, medium and high doses respectively while group F was received the drug Atrovastin as a gold standard to enable comparative effects of date palm administration. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were anaesthetized using chloroform blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture to investigate the activities of liver enzymes, and liver tissue was harvested through a midline incision for histological analysis. There were evidence of vascular congestion and periportal infiltration in rats given margarineonly indicative of hepatocellular disruption. Animals that received moderate to high dose of the fruit extract show mild to total reversal of the damaged liver cells and activation of kupffer cells with concurrent changes in serum albumin level. Aqueous extract of phoenix dactylifera was seen to ameliorate the fat induced liver damage with notable changes in hepatocyte configuration as observed when treated with standard drug. Keywords: Phoenix dactylifera, Hyperlipedermia, Liver, Wistar rat

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