scholarly journals Estrogenic and Antioxidant Activities of Pterocarpus soyauxii (Fabaceae) Heartwood Aqueous Extract in Bilateral Oophorectomized Wistar Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena ◽  
Pascal Emmanuel Owona ◽  
Michel Noubom ◽  
Michel Arnaud Mbock ◽  
Lohik MbolangNguegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postmenopausal Symptoms ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Phytoestrogens are used to ease postmenopausal symptoms, a property probably due to estrogenic and antioxidant effects. Pterocarpus soyauxii (P. soyauxii) is empirically used in Cameroon to treat among others primary and secondary amenorrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate estrogenic and antioxidant activities of P. soyauxii heartwood aqueous extract in bilateral oophorectomized Wistar rats. Firstly, a characterization of the extract was carried out. For that, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins levels in P. soyauxii extract were evaluated by colorimetric assays and UHPLC-MS analysis was realized. In vitro antioxidant analysis of P. soyauxii was conducted using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Secondly, 2 sets of pharmacologic tests were carried out. The results revealed that P. soyauxii aqueous extract contains, respectively, 229.42 ± 3.62 mg EAG/g, 63.42 ± 2.16 mg EQ/g, and 27.88 ± 0.23 mg ETA/g of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. UHPLC-MS enabled identifying seven components including mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, cembrene, 3′,5′-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays revealed that P. soyauxii extract possessed a high antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 730.20 µg/mL, 892.90 µg/mL, and 765.75 mEAG/g of extract, respectively. In the uterotrophic assay, P. soyauxii extract induced significant increase of fresh uterine weight, uterine and vaginal epithelial size, and mammary glands differentiation compared to Ovx control. In the postmenopausal model, compared to the sham control, vagina and uterine dystrophies were observed in Ovx rats treated with distilled water. P. soyauxii aqueous extract expressed estrogenic-like effects on vagina and did not affect uterine epithelial height compared with vehicle groups. On the back of these vaginotrophic effects, the extract displayed antiatherogenic properties by reducing ( p  < 0.001) AI and LDL cholesterol level as compared to Ovx control group. The extract at 200 mg/kg significantly prevented the increase of MDA ( p  < 0.01) level and decreased nitrites ( p  < 0.001) and GSH ( p  < 0.01) levels compared to Ovx rats. These beneficial effects are related at least in part to the presence of compound such as mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 3′,5′-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol, and linoleic acid. Overall, P. soyauxii aqueous extract exhibits estrogenic and antioxidant effects which can inhibit postmenopausal symptoms by providing vaginal stratification, improving lipid profile and insulin sensitivity, and reducing oxidative stress without side effects on the endometrium and mammary gland in 84-day Ovx rats.

scholarly journals Factors Regulating Nitric Oxide Production in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Piper Sarmentosum Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zainudin M ◽  
Elshami TFT ◽  
Ismawi HR ◽  
Hashim Fauzy F ◽  
Abdul Razak T
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Freeze Dried

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Piper sarmentosum (PS) has been widely used in traditional medicine with proven antihypertensive and antioxidant effects. This study aims to evaluate the antihypertensive potential of PS aqueous extract (PSAE) and to investigate the factors modulating nitric oxide (NO) production through its anti-oxidant activities. Methods: PS leaves were extracted with distilled water, freeze-dried and examined to quantify their antioxidant activities through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing ability plasma test. The antihypertensive effect of PSAE in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) was evaluated using four different groups (n=6); C (negative control), K (PSAE 500mg/kg), P (3 mg/kg perindopril) and M (PSAE 500 mg/kg + 1.5 mg/kg perindopril). PSAE and other treatments were given via oral gavage for 28 days. The blood pressure (BP) was determined using the non-invasive BP monitoring tail cuff technique and recorded weekly. SHR’s blood was collected to determine the serum NO level using Griess assay. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and arginine levels were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The extract showed good in-vitro antioxidant activities and a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic BP compared to control group. They were also a decrease in plasma ADMA and an increase in serum NO level. Meanwhile, arginine level does not change significantly. Conclusion: High in-vitro antioxidant activities in PSAE enhances the clearance of ADMA that leads to an increase in serum NO production hence ameliorating the blood pressure of SHR.

scholarly journals Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Amina M. G. Zedan ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽  
Osama Al-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Vespa Orientalis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HINGULESWARA RASABASED HERBOMINERAL FORMULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chatterjee ◽  
Dileep Singh Baghel ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Narendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Made In ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The aims of the present investigation were to develop the herbal and/or herbomineral formulations of Hinguleswara rasa and to compare their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, in vitro, with that of standard drug samples.Methods: This study was an interventional investigation in three samples: In the first sample, Hinguleswara rasa (HR1) was prepared as per methodology described in Rasatarangini using Shuddha Hingula (10 g), Shuddha Vatsanabha (10 g), and Pippali (10 g). In the second and third sample, respectively, Hinguleswara rasa was prepared by replacing Shuddha Hingula with Kajjali where Kajjali made from Hingulotha parada and Sodhita parada constitutes two varieties of Hinguleswara rasa, i.e. HR2 and HR3. In vitro antioxidant activity was studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and the absorbance was recorded at 517 nm. For evaluating the in vitro anti-inflammatory studies, the inhibition of albumin denaturation technique was performed.Results: The results showed that the formulation of Hinguleswara rasa has shown dose-dependent activity which was observed in 100 μg concentration. HR1, HR2, and HR3 showed 36.11, 17.22, and 16.11% radical scavenging activity.Conclusion: It could be concluded that the changes made in the formulations did not affect the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the herbomineral formulations.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Metaplexis Japonica Makino Extract and Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 387-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Antioxidant activities of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts from Metaplexis japonica Makino, one of famous medicine plants in the eastnorth region of China, named luomo in Chinese, were examined by a DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay and a β-carotene-linoleic acid test. In DPPH, the antioxidant activity of the acetone extracts, ethyl acetate extracts and derivative were IC50 were 313.21, 266.92 and 118.78μg/mL, respectively. In the β-carotene-linoleic acid test, IC50 were 285.09, 351.57 and 123.89μg/mL. It was concluded that Metaplexis japonica Makino and its derivatives might be a potential natural source of antioxidants .

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of aqueous and n-hexane extracts of Cucurbita maxima seed in castor oil-induced diarrheal rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibu Tijjani ◽  
Adamu Matinja ◽  
Marwanatu Yahya ◽  
Emmanuel Aondofa ◽  
Akibu Sani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Seed Extracts

Diarrhea is a common health complaint occurring with mild, temporary conditions to a potentially life-threatening condition. <i>Cucurbita maxima</i> (Cucurbitaceae) seed is reportedly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrheal and thus this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidants, total tannins, phenolics contents, and antidiarrheal potentials of <i>n</i>-hexane and aqueous <i>C. maxima</i> seed extracts in castor oil induced diarrheal rats. The <i>n</i>-hexane extract mainly contains oils while the aqueous extract was thick, brown solid. The aqueous and <i>n</i>-hexane seed extract of <i>C. maxima</i> expressed significant 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrythdrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities at 6.25 – 1000 mg/mL with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 104.01 mg/mL, 29.27 mg/mL and 26.78 mg/mL for <i>n</i>-hexane, aqueous and vitamin C respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the <i>n</i>-hexane and aqueous seed extract of <i>C. maxima</i> were significantly lower at higher concentrations compared with that of vitamin C. Furthermore, the total antioxidant capacities of <i>n</i>-hexane (22.08mg/mL) and aqueous seed extract (11.03 mg/mL) of <i>C. maxima</i> were found to be higher than that of vitamin C (134.46 mg/mL). The aqueous extracts (658.33±380.08 mg QE/g) total tannins were not significantly different from the <i>n</i>-hexane extract (468.33±102.55 mg QE/g) while the <i>n</i>-hexane extract contains significantly higher total phenolics (2.93±1.25 mg GAE/g) compared with the aqueous extract (0.19±0.04 mg GAE/g). Percentage inhibition of stooling was found to be 57±22%, 41±16%, and 46±11% for loperamide, <i>n</i>-hexane, and aqueous respectively. The study concludes that aqueous and n-hexane seed extracts of <i>C. maxima</i> (pumpkin) possess in vitro antioxidant activities and antidiarrheal properties.

Phytochemical analysis and nephroprotective effect of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes on sodium dichromate-induced kidney injury in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Mbarka Hfaiedh ◽  
Dalel Brahmi ◽  
Mohamed Nizar Zourgui ◽  
Lazhar Zourgui
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Sodium Dichromate ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica

Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium compounds, especially hexavalent chromium, is widely recognized as potentially nephrotoxic in humans and animals. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) against sodium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. Cactus cladodes extract (CCE) was phytochemically studied and tested in vitro for its potential antioxidant activities. Additionally, the preventive effect of CCE against sodium dichromate-induced renal dysfunction in a Wistar rat model (24 rats) was evaluated. For this purpose, CCE at a dose of 100 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 10 mg/kg sodium dichromate (intraperitoneal injection). After 40 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and the kidneys were excised for histological, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme analyses. The phenol, flavonoid, tannin, ascorbic acid, and carotenoid contents of CCE were considered to be important. Our analyses showed that 1 mL of CCE was equivalent to 982.5 ± 1.79 μg of gallic acid, 294.37 ± 0.84 μg of rutin, 234.78 ± 0.24 μg of catechin, 204.34 ± 1.53 μg of ascorbic acid, and 3.14 ± 0.51 μg of β-carotene. In vivo, pretreatment with CCE was found to provide significant protection against sodium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, preserving normal antioxidant activities, and protecting renal tissues from lesions and DNA damage. The nephroprotective potential of CCE against sodium dichromate toxicity might be due to its antioxidant properties.

Investigation of the Anti-cataract and Antioxidant Activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract In vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Henry Bulama ◽  
Daniel Dahiru ◽  
Joshua Madu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cataract activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extract and fractions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Anti-cataract potential was evaluated in vitro using goat lenses divided into eight groups of different treatments and incubated in artificial aqueous humor at 37 °C for 72 hours. Glucose-induced opacity in the lenses was observed and biochemical indices quantified (catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein in the lens homogenate). Results: The crude extract and its fractions possess substantial antioxidant activities. The aqueous fraction exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 78.599 µg/ml); while the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 66.68 µg/ml. The anti-cataract evaluation of crude and fractions at 250 μg/ml showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the total protein and catalase activity compared to the cataract control group. The malonaldehyde level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the treated groups.

scholarly journals P11.39 Chloroquine as an anti-glioblastoma therapeutic: repurposing of an old drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii51-iii52
Author(s):  
L Roy ◽  
M Poirier ◽  
D Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Median Survival ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Brain Tumour

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumour in adults. These tumours depict anarchic proliferation and brain infiltration as well as radio- and chemoresistant profiles. The complete surgical resection is unachievable and responses to standard therapy are transitory. Recurrence is thus inevitable and patient prognosis is generally less than 15 months. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) holds a substantial role in supporting the GBM phenotype. We showed that TGF-β 1 expression levels correlate with overall and progression-free survival in newly diagnosed GBM patient. We also observed that chloroquine (CQ) can reduce the production of TGF-β together with proliferation, invasion, radioresistance and radio-induced invasion in vitro. Unfortunately, little is known regarding the ability of CQ to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, our objective is to determine whether intravenous (IV) or intra-arterial (IA) infusions of CQ and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a pharmacological analog of CQ, can yield therapeutic brain concentrations. MATERIAL AND METHODS To assess BBB penetration, the brain, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of CQ/HCQ were measured by LCMS/MS at different timepoints post-IV or post-IA infusions with 20 mg/kg of CQ/HCQ in tumour-free Wistar rat. For the survival studies, We implanted 10’000 F98 murin glioblastoma cells in the right putamen of Fischer rats. Ten days post-implantation, IA and IV infusion were accomplished through cannulations of the external right carotid and tail vein respectively. RESULTS With IV injections, CQ/HCQ brain concentrations 15 minutes post-injection reached 15.76 mg/g (0.18 µM) and 1.67 mg/g (0.078 µM) respectively. However, following IA infusions, we observed a 1.74 and 20.9 fold increase (20 mg/kg HCQ) as well as 7.1 and 84.7-fold-increase (20 mg/kg CQ) in contra- and ipsilateral brain concentrations respectively. Although brain concentrations gradually decreased over time post-IA infusions, the ipsilateral hemisphere CQ concentration was still 82.81 mg/g (34.52 µM) after 6 hours. Whereas plasma concentrations were very similar following IV and IA infusions, both molecules barely accumulated in the CSF and only when using IA infusions. The median survival of the control group (IA phosphate-buffered saline) and the group treated with 20 mg/kg CQ IV were 23.5 days and 24.5 days respectively. However, rats injected with 20 mg/kg CQ IA had a median survival of 28.5 days. CONCLUSION These results suggest that IA CQ could be used to abrogate the GBM phenotype. As TGF-β is associated with resistance to both radio- and chemotherapy, we plan to characterize the combination of IA infusions of CQ in combination with radiation or chemotherapy (carboplatin).

scholarly journals The Aqueous Extract from Ceratonia siliqua Leaves Protects against 6-Hydroxydopamine in Zebrafish: Understanding the Underlying Mechanism

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Abidar ◽  
Razvan Boiangiu ◽  
Gabriela Dumitru ◽  
Elena Todirascu-Ciornea ◽  
Amina Amakran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Ceratonia siliqua L. is a Mediterranean medicinal plant traditionally cultivated for its ethnopharmacological benefits, such as antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, enhance acetylcholine, antioxidant, antiatherosclerotic, and for its possible anti-neurodegenerative potential. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition, as well as the cognitive-enhancing, anxiolytic, and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract from C. siliqua (CsAE) leaves against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) zebrafish Parkinson’s disease (PD) model. CsAE (0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/L) was administered by immersion to zebrafish (Danio rerio) for eight consecutive days and one hour before each behavioral test of each day, while 6-OHDA (250 µM) treatment was supplied one day before the novel tank diving test (NTT). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis. The memory performance was evaluated through the NTT and Y-maze tests. Additionally, the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant status and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also assessed. Our finds demonstrated that CsAE presented positive antioxidant and anti-AChE activities, which contributed to the improvement of cognitive function in the 6-OHDA zebrafish PD model.

Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Extract from Cultivated Fruit-bodies of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link In Vitro

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1365-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhan ◽  
Cai-Hong Dong ◽  
Yi-Jian Yao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris
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