scholarly journals Factors associated to knowledge on nosocomial infection among the staff nurses in four hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
A. M. Khan ◽  
N. Nahar ◽  
M. F. Ahasan
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease: a system review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Hiromi Matsumoto ◽  
Nobuyuki Horita ◽  
Yu Hara ◽  
Nobuaki Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Risk factors associated with mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease remain unclear. The present work is a meta-analysis of studies that enrolled only patients with invasive pneumococcal disease and reported on mortality. Potentially eligible reports were identified from PubMed, CHAHL, and Web of Science, comprising 26 reports in total. Overall mortality for invasive pneumococcal disease was reported as 20.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17.5–24%). Factors associated with mortality were age (odds ratio (OR) 3.04, 95%CI 2.5–3.68), nursing home (OR 1.62, 95%CI 1.13–2.32), nosocomial infection (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.52–2.89), septic shock (OR 13.35, 95%CI 4.54–39.31), underlying chronic diseases (OR 2.34, 95%CI 1.78–3.09), solid organ tumor (OR 5.34, 95%CI 2.07–13.74), immunosuppressed status (OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.31–2.14), and alcohol abuse (OR 3.14, 95%CI 2.13–4.64). Mortality rates with invasive pneumococcal disease remained high, and these findings may help clinicians provide appropriate initial treatment for this disease.Key points: The overall mortality rate from IPD has remained high, at 20.8% and older age, septic shock, immunosuppressed status, underlying chronic diseases, solid organ tumor, alcohol abuse, nursing home, and nosocomial infection were prognostic factors for mortality from IPD.

scholarly journals Infrastructural and human-resource factors associated with return of infant HIV test results to caregivers: secondary analysis of a nationally representative situational assessment, South Africa, 2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobubelo Kwanele Ngandu ◽  
Vincent Maduna ◽  
Gayle Sherman ◽  
Nobuntu Noveve ◽  
Witness Chirinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Situational Assessment

Abstract Background In June 2015, South Africa introduced early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) at birth and ten weeks postpartum. Guidelines recommended return of birth results within a week and ten weeks postpartum results within four weeks. Task shifting was also suggested to increase service coverage. This study aimed to understand factors affecting return of EID results to caregivers. Methods Secondary analysis of data gathered from 571 public-sector primary health care facilities (PHCs) during a nationally representative situational assessment, was conducted. The assessment was performed one to three months prior to facility involvement in the 2010 evaluation of the South African programme to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission (SAPMTCTE). Self-reported infrastructural and human resource EID-related data were collected from managers and designated staff using a structured questionnaire. The main outcome variable was ‘EID turn-around-time (TAT) to caregiver’ (caregiver TAT), measured as reported number of weeks from infant blood draw to caregiver receipt of results. This was dichotomized as either short (≤3 weeks) or delayed (> 3 weeks) caregiver TAT. Logit-based risk difference analysis was used to assess factors associated with short caregiver TAT. Analysis included TAT to facility (facility TAT), defined as reported number of weeks from infant blood draw to facility receipt of results. Results Overall, 26.3% of the 571 PHCs reported short caregiver TAT. In adjusted analyses, short caregiver TAT was less achieved when facility TAT was > 7 days (versus ≤7 days) (adjusted risk difference (aRD): − 0.2 (95% confidence interval − 0.3-(− 0.1)), p = 0.006 for 8–14 days and − 0.3 (− 0.5-(− 0.1)), p = 0.006 for > 14 days), and in facilities with staff nurses (compared to those without) (aRD: − 9.4 (− 16.6-(− 2.2), p = 0.011). Conclusion Although short caregiver TAT for EID was only reported in approximately 26% of facilities, these facilities demonstrate that achieving EID TAT of ≤3 weeks is possible, making timely ART initiation within 3 weeks of diagnosis feasible within the public health sector. Our adjusted analyses underpin the need for quick return of results to facilities. They also raise questions around staff mentoring: we hypothesise that facilities with staff nurses were likely to have fewer professional nurses, and thus inadequate senior support.

scholarly journals Correction to: The factors associated with nosocomial infection in elderly hip fracture patients: gender, age, and comorbidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Deng ◽  
Zhong Zheng ◽  
Shi Cheng ◽  
Yuan Lin ◽  
Duanyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors associated with nosocomial infection in the elderly in the Intensive Care Unit

10.3823/2269 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa ◽  
Luana Kelle Batista Moura ◽  
Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa ◽  
Maria Eliete Batista Moura ◽  
Glícia Cardoso Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Blood stream infections in patients with Acute Cholangitis: A prospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Khan Md Nazmus Saqeb
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Acute Cholangitis ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Source Of Infection

Background: I analyzed the organisms isolated from the blood of patients with acute cholangitis and determined their antibiotic resistance characteristics. In addition, I evaluated risk factors associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their impact on clinical outcomes. Methods: 113 consecutive cases of acute cholangitis who met the diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Acute cholangitis was defined by TG18 criteria. Blood culture was obtained from every patient. The microbiological results of blood cultures & the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the organisms were analyzed by SPSSv22.0. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with antibiotic resistance & mortality. Result: Among 113 patients, 71(62.8%) were male & the median age was 51 years. Choledocholithiasis was the most common underlying biliary disease followed by malignant and benign strictures. Severe cholangitis occurred in 17(15%) cases. 32(28.3%) cases had nosocomial infection. Causative organisms were isolated from 55(48.7%) of 113 blood cultures. Escherichia coli was the most common bacterium isolated (36.36%) from blood, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.64%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.27%) & Enterococcus (7.27%). Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 5(9.09%) specimens. Multiple organisms were isolated in 6(10.91%) specimens. Most organisms were susceptible to meropenem (86.7%), imipenem (83.1%), colistin (89.1%), amikacin (76.1%), piperacillin-tazobactam (79.6%) & polymyxin-B (83.3%). Multidrug resistant bacteria comprised 30.91% of blood isolates. Risk factors associated with antibiotic resistance were presence of an indwelling biliary device (OR:7.7), prior biliary intervention (OR:6.167) and a nosocomial source of infection (OR:9.09). Thirteen (11.5%) patients died from acute cholangitis. Risk factors associated with mortality were severe cholangitis (OR:6.9), malignant biliary obstruction (OR:8.4), nosocomial infection (OR:7.5) and isolation of multidrug resistant organisms in blood (OR:6.9). Conclusion: E. coli was the most common organism isolated, followed by Klebsiella, Pseudomonas & Enterococcus. Colistin, meropenem, polymyxin-B, imipenem, amikacin & piperacillin-tazobactam were the most effective of all antibiotics. Risk factors associated with isolation of multidrug resistant bacteria from blood were presence of an indwelling biliary device, prior biliary intervention and a nosocomial source of infection. Risk factors associated with mortality were severe cholangitis, malignant biliary obstruction, nosocomial infection and isolation of multidrug resistant organisms in blood. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2020; 8(2): 68-75

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