Effect of Dietary Supplementation of a Phyto-supplement on Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

Background: The effect of a phyto-supplement (PS) composed of Aerva lanata, Piper betle, Cynodon dactylon and Piper nigrum on carcass characteristics was evaluated in commercial broiler chicken. Methods: A total of 192 day-old commercial broiler chicks were allocated to the four experimental groups and each group was separated into 6 replicates, with 8 birds per replicate. The dietary treatment groups were the positive control (basal diet + antibiotic, chlortetracycline @355g/ metric ton of feed), negative control (0% PS: basal diet only), 1% PS (basal diet +1% PS) and 2% PS (basal diet +2%PS). The trial lasted for 42 days (0 to 42 D of age). The carcass characteristics were recorded for two birds from each replicate at the end of the trial. Result: The broilers fed chlortetracycline and 1% PS recorded the highest (P=0.0205) and those fed only basal diet (negative control) recorded the lowest dressing percentage. Broilers fed diet supplemented with 1 and 2% PS exhibited higher (P less than 0.0001) weight and relative weight of lung than other treatments. Broilers fed diet supplemented with 1 and 2% PS exhibited lower weight (P=0.0032) and relative weight (P=0.0002) of liver when compared with the antibiotic treatment. Feeding 1% PS increased the relative weight of heart quadratically (P=0.044) while 2% PS reduced the weight of heart. Broilers on negative control diet recorded the highest weight (P=0.0002) and relative weight (P less than 0.0001) of kidney.

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The Effect of Replacing Dried Meal Worm with Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

10.21203/rs.3.rs-782326/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Navid Naderi Boroojerdi ◽

Mostafa Rajabzadeh

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract An experiment was conducted on 240 one-day old male (Ross308) chicken to the effect of substitution of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) with soybean meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics broiler chicks. Chicks fed in a completely randomized design with 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage). Five dietary treatments used: 1- Control treatment: Basal diet based on corn-soybean meal without adding dried mealworm, 2- Replacement of 5% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 3- Replacement of 10% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 4- Replacement of 15% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet and 5- Replacement of 20% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet. The results of the experiment showed that 3rd and 4th treatments with a substitution of 10 and 15 percent showed a higher mean weight gain and a daily gain, but their feed intake was lower comparing other treatments, and finally, the feed conversion ratio showed a significant decrease with respect to control treatment using these replacement levels. At 21 and 42 days of age, carcass yield and relative weight of the breasts showed significant increases in treatments 3 and 4, and other characteristics of chicken carcasses were not affected by the test treatments. The experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with 10% and 15% worm powder significantly improved the performance of broiler chickens, but no significant difference was found between the two levels.

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Effects of graded levels of microbial fermented or enzymatically treated dried brewer’s grains on growth, digestive and nutrient transporter genes expression and cost effectiveness in broiler chickens

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-020-02603-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hanan S. Al-Khalaifah ◽

Sara. E Shahin ◽

Anaam E. Omar ◽

Haiam A. Mohammed ◽

Hala. I Mahmoud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Cholesterol Content ◽

Negative Control ◽

Production Costs ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Gross Margin ◽

Soybean Diet

Abstract Background Poultry feed consists mainly of conventional grains and protein supplements, however, using treated unconventional agro-industrial by-products as replacements of corn soybean-based diet can minimize production costs and improve productivity. Therefore, in this study, the effects of fermented or enzymatically treated dried brewer grains (DBG) on growth, expression of digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters genes and the profitability of the rations were evaluated. A total of 1600 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly distributed in 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (eight treatments with ten replicates, 20 birds/replicate). Experimental diets included two controls; negative control (basal corn-soybean diet; NC) and positive control (basal corn-soybean diet with exogenous enzymes; PC), and six diets in which basal diet was replaced by three levels of fermented DBG (FDBG; 5, 10 or 15%), or enzyme-treated DBG (DBG 5, 10 or 15%+Enz), for 38 days. Results The results described that feeding FDBG (three levels) or DBG5%+Enz improved (P < 0.05) BW gain and feed efficiency of broilers. Also, feeding FDBG10% yielded the best improvement in weight gain (10%), compared to NC group. Increasing the inclusion levels of DBG either fermented or enzymatically treated up-regulated (p < 0.01) expression of digestive-genes in proventriculus (PGC and PGA5, range 1.4–1.8 fold), pancreas (AMY2A, PNLIP, CELA1, and CCK; range 1.2–2.3 fold) and duodenum (CAT1, CAT2, GLUT1, GLUT2, LAT1, Pep1; range 1.3-3 fold) when compared to NC group. Feeding treated DBG significantly increased (p < 0.05, range 4.5–13.6%) gizzard relative weight compared to NC and PC groups. An additional benefit was lower (p < 0.01) cholesterol content from 66.9 mg/100 mg (NC) to 62.8 mg/100 mg (FDBG5 or 10%) in thigh meat. Furthermore, the least cost feed/kg body gain was achieved in FDBG10% and DBG5%+Enz groups, with approx. 16% reduction compared to NC cost, leading to increasing the income gross margin by 47% and 40% in FDBG10% and DBG5%+Enz groups, respectively. Conclusions Substitution of corn-soybean based diet with 10% FDBG or 5% DBG+Enz resulted in better growth and higher economic efficiency of broilers chickens.

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Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Duodenal Histomorphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Supplemented with Cinnamon Bark Powder at Prestarter and Starter Phases

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

Mohammed M. Qaid ◽

Saud I. Al-Mufarrej ◽

Mahmoud M. Azzam ◽

Maged A. Al-Garadi ◽

Hani H. Albaadani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Serum Globulin ◽

Maximum Improvement

Ross 308 broiler chicks (n = 240) aged 1 day were assigned to five groups for eight replicates (six chicks for each) (3♂ and 3♀). Basal dietary groups were supplemented by 2000, 4000, and 6000 mg/kg cinnamon (CN) for 21 days. Basal diet alone was used as a negative control, and basal antibiotic diet (Colimox) was used as a positive control. At 10, 14, and 21 days of age, chicks that received 2000 mg CN and Colimox had a higher body weight, resulting in an increase in body weight gain. CN also resulted in the maximum improvement in the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency over 1–21 days at the level of 2000 mg/kg. At days 10, the maximum relative breast weight was 2000 mg/kg of CN. Mean serum albumin concentrations, duodenal villus height, and goblet cell density increased (p < 0.05) by 2000 mg/kg of CN, and mean serum globulin and total protein concentrations and crypt depth increased (p < 0.05) by 6000 mg/kg of CN compared with control. Increased cecal Escherichia coli number was CN dose-dependent. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 2000 mg/kg CN can be applied as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for broiler starter diet.

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Influence of salbutamol administered as the single active enantiomer (R-salbutamol) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800053807 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. P. Fawcett ◽

V. Ravindran ◽

P. C. H. Morel ◽

M. Zhang ◽

V. B. Ciofalo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Tissue Concentrations ◽

Carcass Parameters ◽

Leg Muscle ◽

Dose Response Effect ◽

Pharmacologically Active

AbstractSalbutamol (albuterol) is a β-adrenergic agonist marketed as a racemic (50: 50) mixture of R- and S-enantiomers (rac-salbutamol). Since only R-salbutamol is pharmacologically active and S-salbutamol has a longer half-life in humans, we examined R-salbutamol as a performance enhancer and repartitioning agent in domestic chickens. The effects of feeding diets containing R-salbutamol (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg diet) and rac-salbutamol (10 mg/kg diet) from day 21 to 42 post hatching on growth performance, carcass characteristics and tissue concentrations of R- and S-salbutamol in male and female broilers were compared with a control diet. R-salbutamol in the diet lowered the weight gains in both sexes, but the magnitude of reduction was greater in males as indicated by a significant R-salbutamol ✕ gender interaction. R-salbutamol also lowered food intake and improved food conversion ratios in both sexes. The relative weights of breast muscle and leg muscle were significantly increased and the relative weight of the fat pad was significantly decreased in birds of both sexes given diets containing R-salbutamol. Carcass protein content increased and carcass fat content decreased but the differences were not statistically significant. A significant dose-response effect was observed for tissue concentrations of R-salbutamol in all tissues, except the fat. Performance and carcass parameters in chickens given the 5 mg/kg R-salbutamol diet were similar to those given the 10 mg/kg rac-salbutamol diet, but tissue concentrations of R-salbutamol were lower. Chickens given the 10 mg/ kg rac-salbutamol diet had higher tissue concentrations of salbutamol than chickens given the 10 mg/kg R-salbutamol diet and higher concentrations of S-salbutamol than R-salbutamol in liver and leg muscle. Overall, these results demonstrate that R-salbutamol is an effective repartitioning agent in broiler chickens.

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Effect Of Processing Methods Of Bambara Groundnut Offal Diets On Haematology And Carcass Characteristics Of Broiler Finisher Chickens

European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejfood.2020.2.4.66 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

L. N. Torhemen ◽

B. M. Agabi ◽

D. S. Adi ◽

M. Torhemen

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chicken ◽

Control Diet ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Live Weight ◽

Bambara Groundnut ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

Higher Weights ◽

Breast Weight

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of two methods of processing Bambara Groundnut Offal (BGO), toasted and enzyme supplemented in broiler chicken diets on haematology and carcass characteristics of broiler finisher chicken. One hundred and eight (108) four- weeks- old unsexed commercial broiler chicks were divided into three groups (T10% T220% T320%) of 36 birds, each replicated three times with 12 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design and fed for 28 days. Haematological parameters were not significantly (p>0.05) affected. Result of carcass characteristics showed that live weight, eviscerated weight, dressed weight, back weight, drumstick weight, breast weight, thigh weight and caecum weight were significantly (p<0.05) affected. Birds fed enzyme supplemented BGO diets recorded higher weights compared with birds fed toasted BGO and the control diets. Other carcass characteristics such as wing weight, neck weight, head weight, shank weight and other internal organ characteristics were not significantly (p>0.05) affected. From the result, significant parameters have shown that birds fed bioenzyme supplemented BGO diets were superior to birds fed toasted BGO and the control diet. It is therefore recommended that 2g/kg bioenzyme supplemented BGO diet should be used at 20% BGO inclusion rate for finishing broiler chicken without adverse effect on the haematology and for increased carcass weight.

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Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on performance of broiler chickens

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72717 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 457-466

Author(s):

Tuomo Koskinen ◽

Jari Piironen ◽

Tiina Hakonen

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Phytase Activity ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Microbial Phytase ◽

Soya Bean Meal

Three trials were conducted on a total of 5100 broiler chicks (0-5.5 weeks) to study the effects of different microbial phytase (Aspergillus niger) supplementations (250-1000 phytase units = PU/g) on the performance and bone mineralization of birds and on the utilization of phosphorus compared with the effects of mineral P additions as dicalcium phosphate. The basal diets (negative controls) were principally composed of soya bean meal (SBM) and grain (wheat, barley, oats) supplemented with up to 0.10% mineral P; the positive control diets were supplemented with 0.24-0.30% mineral P. Compared with the negative control groups, which were fed diets with 0.05% mineral P either during the whole rearing period or during the starting period only, phytase addition increased live weight by 4-7% and feed intake by 3-9% (Trials 1 and 2). Tibia values indicated that with low mineral P supplementations (0.05 and 0.10%), phytase additions have a non-significant effect on bone mineralization. If mineral P is not added, the tibia values show a marked response to phytase (Trial 3). Utilization of P increased from 50.9% to 60.0% when phytase (1000 PU/g) was added to the diets without mineral P supplementation (Trial 3). Utilization of P was only 34.5% in the positive control diet (0.3% mineral P). The results were obviously affected by the intrinsic phytase activity in grain and the dietary calcium level, and suggest that, in SBM-grain-based diets with very low (0.05%) or no mineral P supplementation, weight gain can be increased by adding phytase up to 1000 PU/g. This supplemented phytase activity is apparently sufficient for adequate bone mineralization.

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EFEKTIVITAS BETAIN PADA PAKAN AYAM BROILER RENDAH METIONIN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER BERAT BADAN DAN KARKAS

Caraka Tani Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.20961/carakatani.v27i1.14342 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Adi Ratriyanto ◽

Rysca Indreswari ◽

Sudiyono Sudiyono

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Methyl Groups ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Daily Gain

<p>This experiment was conducted to investigate the efficacy of methyl groups donor of betaine to spare methionine based on performance and carcass in broiler chickens. In total, 100 day old broiler chickenss were used in this experiment. They were allocated to 4 dieaty treatmants in 5 replicates with 5 broilers each. The basal diet was deficient in methionine. The control diet was obtained from basal diet supplemented with methionine to meet the requirements 5 g/kg diet for starter period and 3.8 g/kg diet for finisher period. The rest 3 treatments were basal diet deficient in methionine supplemented with 1, 2 and 3 g betaine per kg diet. The variables that were observed included average daily gain and carcass characteristics. The data were than analyzed by analysis of variance of Completely Randomized Design and continued with Dunnet test. The result indicated that supplementation of 1 and 2 g betaine per kg diet deficient in methionine resulted the broiler performance which was not different with supplementation of methionine. Accordingly, carcass characteristics for broilers fed diet supplemented with methionine were not different with that supplemented with betaine, which indicated that betaine may reduce the methionine level in the broiler diet. It can be concluded that betaine spares metionine in broiler diets.</p>

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Nutritional value of dietary raw bambara nut offal fortified with enzyme (Natuzyme ®) on the performance of broiler chickens

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v47i1.233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 221-233

Author(s):

C. D. Tuleun ◽

E. A. Okereke ◽

T. A. Sunmola

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Control Diet ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

Four Levels ◽

Dietary Treatments

Nutritional value of dietary raw bambara nut offal fortified with enzyme (Natuzyme ) on the performance of broiler chickens were investigated. Two hundred and fourty (240), unsexed one day-old commercial broiler chicks (Marshal Strain) were randomly divided into eight groups of 30 birds each. The groups were randomly assigned to eight iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement involving four levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 %) of raw bambara nut offal and 2 enzyme levels (0 and 0.025 %). Each treatment was replicated three times with ten birds per replicate. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments in AFW, ADWG, ADFI, FCR and PER. Chickens fed 10 % BGO without ® Natuzyme had higher (P < 0.05) FBW, ADWG and ADFI than chickens fed 0, 20 and 30% BGO diets. Least (P<0.05) ADFI and better FCR was recorded on broiler chickens fed control diet and 20 % BGO with enzyme. respectively. Addition of enzyme improved (P < 0.05) AFW and ADWG at 20 and 30 % BGO level. Significantly (P<0.05) higher AFW, ADWG and ADFI revealed that inclusion level of BGO at 10 % did not pose any deleterious effects on the birds. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences among treatments in the digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein, crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE). There was no interaction (P>0.05) between enzyme and BGO across the dietary treatments. Significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in all the blood profile parameters observed across the dietary treatments except eiosinophil concentration. It was concluded that up to 30 % BGO can be included in enzyme supplemented broiler finisher diet without adverse effects on the performance, nutrients digestibility and blood profile of broiler finisher chickens

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Effect of Dietary Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Multi-Strain Probiotic on Growth and Carcass Traits, Blood Biochemistry, Immune Responses and Intestinal Microflora in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani8070117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 117 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mehdi Qorbanpour ◽

Taha Fahim ◽

Faramin Javandel ◽

Mehran Nosrati ◽

Erwin Paz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Control Diet ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Blood Biochemistry ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Dietary Treatments

A total of 225 day-old male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups, with three replicates in a completely randomized design for 42 days. Birds were fed a basal-diet supplemented with: no additive (control-diet), multi-strain probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium and Bifidobacterium thermophilum), or 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25% ginger (Z. officinale) powder, respectively. The results show no significant differences among treatments for growth traits and carcass characteristics, whereas using probiotics and ginger at all levels resulted in a significant decrease of gizzard weight and abdominal fat compared to the control group. Dietary treatments did not affect blood biochemistry and antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), IgG and IgM; however, antibody titre was higher in birds fed 0.25% ginger than other diets after 7 days post injection. The Lactobacillus counts in ileal content of birds fed 0.20 and 0.25% ginger were higher compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with either ginger or probiotics showed a significant influence on birds’ immune response, probably because ginger had strong antioxidant activity and the probiotics stimulated the production of natural antibodies.

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Concurrent supplementation of arginine and antioxidant vitamins E and C reduces oxidative stress in broiler chickens after a challenge withEimeriaspp.

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas-2014-083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 143-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. A. Dominguez ◽

A. Pro-Martinez ◽

C. Narciso-Gaytán ◽

A. Hernández-Cázares ◽

E. Sosa-Montes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Antioxidant Vitamins ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Intestinal Lesion ◽

Vitamins E And C ◽

Eimeria Spp ◽

Gpx Activity

Dominguez P.A., Pro-Martinez, A., Narciso-Gaytán, C., Hernández-Cázares, A., Sosa-Montes, E., Perez-Hernandez, P., Caldwell, D. and Ruiz-Feria, C. A. 2015. Concurrent supplementation of arginine and antioxidant vitamins E and C reduces oxidative stress in broiler chickens after a challenge with Eimeria spp. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 143–153. Oxidation is a major problem associated with pathogen damage in animals. One-day-old mixed-sex broiler chicks (Cobb 500; n=624) were randomly assigned to one of six treatments: a basal diet [CTL; 40 mg of vitamin E (VE) kg−1of feed and 1.5% Arginine (Arg)] or the basal diet plus Arg (ARG; 0.3%), Arg+VE (AVE; 0.3% and 40 mg kg−1respectively), Arg+vitamin C (VC) (AVC; 0.3% and 1 g kg−1respectively), VE+VC (VEC; 40 mg+1 g kg−1respectively), or Arg+VE+VC (AVEC; 0.3%+40 mg+1 g kg−1respectively). At day 14, all birds were orally challenged with 100× the normal dose of Advent®coccidiosis vaccine (450 000 oocysts). Intestinal lesion scores (LS) in duodenum, jejunum and ceca were recorded, along with relative immune system organ weights at day 23. Plasma samples were taken before (2 h) and after challenge (12, 24 and 48 h) to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx). Birds fed the VEC diet were heavier at 7 d (P<0.05) than birds fed the AVE diet. CTL birds had heavier (P<0.05) bursas than AVC birds; no differences among treatments for spleen and thymus were found. The jejunum LS was lower in the AVC and VEC birds than in CTL birds, whereas ceca LS was highest in AVE birds, and the duodenum LS was not affected by treatment. Birds fed the AVEC diet had the lowest MDA levels before challenge, but higher levels of MDA than birds fed the CTL, ARG or AVE 12 h after challenge. Before challenge ARG birds had higher (P<0.05) NO levels than AVEC-fed birds, but 12 h after challenge birds fed the CTL, ARG or AVE diet had lower NO levels than birds fed the AVC, VEC or AVEC diet. Before challenge AVEC-fed birds had higher (P<0.001) GPx activity than CTL, ARG and AVE birds, but after 12, 24 and 48 h VEC birds showed higher GPx activity than CTL, ARG- and AVE-fed birds. Although Arg, VE and VC, modulated oxidative stress during coccidiosis challenge, the effects were not sufficient to affect performance relative to the control diet.

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