scholarly journals Study on weed flora in Major Kharif crops of ashoknagar district

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Gupta ◽  
Sudeep Singh Tomar ◽  
V. K. Jain ◽  
H. K. Trivedi ◽  
Ajay Panika
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Commelina Communis ◽  
Weed Flora

A servey of weed flora studies in kharif season was conducted during year of 2017 major kharif crops were soybean blackgram, maize and rice crops of Ashok Nagar district. On the basis of result it was found that the Commelina bengalensis, Celosia argentia, Digra arvensis, Uphorbia jeniculata and Pathenium hysterophorus were the major weeds of soybean crops. Digra arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Commelina bengalensis, Celosia argentia and Pathenium hysterophorus were the major weed of blackgram crops. Eichnoacloa crusgulli, Commelina communis, Cyprus Rotundus, Eichnoacloa, Colonum, and Eshemum, Rugosum were the major weeds of rice crop. Dactylectimium egyptium, Cynodon dectylon, Cyprus rotundus, Eclipta alba and Uhorbia hirta were the major weeds of maize crop in Ashoknagar district.

scholarly journals Field study on weeds incidence in rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.).

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
MT Akhter ◽  
PB Kundu ◽  
NK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Infestation

A survey was conducted to highlight the weed flora infesting rapeseed in the experimental field of Rajshahi University. Frequency (F), density (D), abundance (A), relative frequency (RF), relative density (RD), relative abundance (RA) and importance value index (IVI %) of weeds were calculated in rapeseed field. The objective of the study was to study the weeds and their quantitative characters. Weed infestation was studied in three rapeseed varieties (BARI Sharisha 14, BINA Sharisha 5 and 6). The weed population was studied using quadrat. The species which had 100% frequency values were Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Ammania baccifera, Echinochloa crusgalli and Leucas lavendulifolia. Other species had 50% or less than 50% frequency values. The highest frequency, density, abundance and importance value index were exhibited by Cyperus rotundus. J. bio-sci. 26: 01-06, 2018

ECO-FLORISTIC STUDY OF WEED FLORA OF MAIZE CROP IN DISTRICT SWABI,KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
Maqsood Anwar ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Shah Khalid ◽  
Hassan Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Floristic Study ◽  
Weed Flora

The present study explains floristic composition and ecological attributes characteristics of weeds of maize crop in district Swabi during September-October, 2018. A total of 28 weeds species distributed in 27 genera and 15 families were reported from the selected maize fields of the study area. Out of 15 families, 12 were dicots having (17 genera and 18 species) and 3 were monocots having (10 genera and 10 species). Poaceae was dominant family contributed 8 species. Amaranthaceae (5 spp.) followed by Aizoaceae and Convolvulaceae (2 spp.) each. The rest of 11 families were represented by single species each. Annuals contributed 19 (67.8%) species while perennials shared 9 (32.2%) species. Life-form spectra indicated that therophytes were dominant and abundant life form with 17 (60.7%) species. Leaf size spectra revealed that microphylls were major leaf size class with 12 (42.8 %) species. There were 25 (89.3%) species with simple leaves, 2 (7.1 %) species with compound leaves while 1 (3.6 %) species was represented by dissected leaves.

scholarly journals Total Factor Productivity and Environmental Efficiency of the Most Important Cereals Crops in Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. El-Rasoul ◽  
Alaa M. Ramadan ◽  
E. El-Seify ◽  
Sameh M. Shehab
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Average Change ◽  
Total Productivity

Purpose of the Study: Egyptian agriculture suffers from many problems related to the use of available economic resources, the most important of which is lack of optimal utilization of resources, wasteful use of agricultural production inputs, reduced efficiency of irrigation water use, and the fertility of agricultural lands are deteriorating, in addition to increasing rates of encroachments on agricultural lands and shifting it from agricultural use to other non-agricultural uses, which limits the agricultural sector ability to achieve high growth rates, especially with the increasing global production of biofuels from crops that individuals consume as food, including wheat and corn, which constitutes an explicit threat to Egyptian food and national security. Objectives: The research aimed to: Estimate the changes in the sources and components of the total productivity of the factors for the main cereal crops in Egypt in the presence and absence of carbon dioxide emissions, Environmental impact assessment of changes in the productivity of these crops. Methods: The study applied analytical approaches to measure changes in productivity, as parameter analysis methods are used as methods of the aggregate production function, and non-parameterized methods of estimation, in addition to (Malmquist, 1953) which is one of the most important indicators of measurement changes in productivity and relies on a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure efficiency and changes in TFP productivity and identify the sources of changes in productivity through changes in technical competence and technological change, as the two most important components of the change in total productivity. Results: Wheat Crop: Wheat crop by estimating the change in the different efficiencies of the wheat crop with co2 emissions, it was clear that a decrease in technological change (TC) during the study period, and thus a decrease in the average change in the total factor productivity (TFP), while without co2 emissions effect, the average change in the total factor productivity of (TFPc) indicates an increase in the actual wheat efficiency which is low due to the environmental impact of the emissions. Rice Crop: Rice crop by estimating the change in the different efficiencies of the rice crop with co2 emissions, it became clear that a decrease in the average technological change (TC), thus increasing the average change in the total factor productivity of the (TFP), whereas, without co2 emissions, it was found that the average change in the total factor productivity of the (TFPc) for the study areas was higher. Summer Maize Crop: It was clear that the average technological change (TC) for the summer maize crop with co2 emissions, decreased during the study period, and therefore a decrease in the average change in the total factor productivity of the (TFP), but without co2, an increase in the annual average of the change in technical efficiency (TEC), and a decrease in the average technological change (TC), i.e. in the use of technology, and an increase in the average change in the total factor productivity (TFPc).

scholarly journals Grain yield of aerobic rice as influenced by seed rate and row spacing in aerobic situation under changed climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2164-2169
Author(s):  
K. Jana ◽  
S. K. Das ◽  
G. Moinuddin ◽  
G. K. Mallick ◽  
B. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Aerobic Rice System

Aerobic rice system is the method of cultivation, where the rice crop is established by direct seeding in un-puddle field. The grain yield of aerobic rice in aerobic situation realized by the farmers is still lower. Among many factors, seed rate and row spacing influence the grain yield of aerobic rice crop. The present investigation was carriedout to study the influence of seed rates and row spacing on grain yield of aerobic rice in aerobic situation, and field experiment was conducted at Rice Research Station, Bankura, West Bengal, India during kharif season of 2011 and 2012. The experimental results exhibited that the highest grain yield (3.40, 3.49 and 3.42 t ha-1 during kharif 2011, kharif 2012 and in pooled value, respectively) was recorded from treatment S2, where seed rate was 30 kg ha-1. Among the different row spacing, the maximum grain yield of 3.47, 3.45 and 3.46 t ha-1 during kharif season of 2011 and 2012 and on pooled basis was obtained with the treatment R1 i.e. 20 cm row spacing. The treatment combination of S2 (seed rate @ 30 kg ha-1) and R1 (20 cm row spacing) recorded the highest grain yield (4.01 t ha-1) of aerobic rice. It was established that the seed rate @ 30 kg ha-1 and 20 cm row spacing was promising for realizing best grain yield of aerobic rice in aerobic condition. It is an important eco-safety tool for tackling the climate change scenario.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE WEED FLORA OF AGASTYAMUNI BLOCK, RUDRAPRAYAG DISTRICT, UTTARAKHAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlapati Chamoli
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Siegesbeckia Orientalis ◽  
Survey Results

Weed commonly called ‘khar- kabad’ in Uttarakhand or ‘kharpatvar’ in India, and is one of the major biological constraints that limits crop productivity. The present communication pertains to survey and inventory of weed flora in Agastyamuni block of district Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand. The study was based on extensive and intensive field survey made during July 2018 to October 2019. During the study period the authors have reported a total 312 species belonging to 188 genera and 54 families from dicots, monocots and pteridophyta. Asteraceae was found to be the most dominant family followed by Poaceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae respectively. Survey results also revealed that most of the recorded species were annuals followed by perennials and biennials. Most abundant species were Bidense pilosa, Chenopodium album, Erigeron canadensis, Cynodon dactylon, Gallinsogo parviflora, Eupatorium adenophorum, Oxalis conrniculata, Parthenium hysterophorus, Lantana camara, Soncchus arvensis, Ageratum conozoides, Plantago major, Ganaphallium lutealbum, Siegesbeckia orientalis, Youngia japonica, Amaranthus virids, Stellaria media and Phalaris minor. Many weeds are ethnobotanically important and utilized by the local community.

scholarly journals Weed Flora of Vineyards in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cumali Özaslan ◽  
Esmanur Pekcan Kaçar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Alopecurus Myosuroides ◽  
Weed Flora

Background: Viticulture occupies an important place in agricultural production of Diyarbakır province, Turkey. However, weeds significantly impair the productivity of vineyards in the province. The knowledge of weed flora of a particular region is crucial to develop region-specific weed management strategies. Methods: This study was carried out to determine the weed species, their densities and frequency of occurrence in 78 vineyards of 13 districts in Diyarbakır province. Exploratory surveys were conducted to record the occurrence, density and coverage area of weed species. A 1×1 m quadrate was used, which was randomly placed in vineyards and weed species falling within the quadrate were noted. Result: A total 165 weed species and 128 taxa belonging to 35 botanical families (1 parasitic, 16 monocotyledons and 18 dicotyledons) were identified from the surveyed area. The weed species’ density over the whole province was 91 weeds m-2. Avena sterilis L. was the most widespread weed with the highest density (9.93 plants m-2) in the surveyed area followed by Fumaria asepale Boiss. (7.18), Galium tricornutum (4.85), Ranunculus arvensis (3.82), Silene aegyptiaca (3.70), Bromus sterilis (3.64) Lamium purpureum (3.58), Hordeum spontaneum (3.35), Anthemis sp. (3.07), Crepis alpina (2.94), Thlaspi perfoliatum (2.91), Alopecurus myosuroides (2.81), Bongardia chrysogonum (2.80), Scandix pecten-veneris (2.24), Cynodon dactylon (1.71), Hypecoum procumbens (1.69), Lolium perenne (1.41), Sorghum halepense (1.33), Sinapis arvensis (1.24), Buglossoides arvense (1.22), Daucus carota (1.21), Trifolium nigrescens (1.21), Vicia hybrida (1.05), Senecio vernalis (1.04) and Ornithogalum narbonense (1.02). The most prevalent weed were L. purpureum (66.68%), Papaver sp. (66.49%), S. vernalis (65.82%), Anthemis sp. (65.10%), A. sterilis (63.07%), R. arvensis (60.44%), Convolvulus arvensis (56.76%), Carduus pycnocephalus (55.79%), G. tricornutum (55.43%), Fumaria asepale (55.05%), Crepis alpina (54.08%), Thlaspi perfoliatum (51.95%) and S. arvensis (51.04%).

scholarly journals Weed Flora of Fayoum (Egypt), One of the Oldest Agricultural Regions in the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. AL-SHERIF ◽  
M.A. ISMAEL ◽  
M.A. KARAM ◽  
H.H. ELFAYOUMI
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Species Number ◽  
The World ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
Alhagi Graecorum

ABSTRACT: Fayoum region is the most fertile agricultural land in Egypt and one of the oldest agricultural city in the world. The present study aimed to determine its weed flora composition and its distribution through different habitats. Results recorded 175 species of vascular plants belonging to 124 genera and 35 families distributed in eight habitats. The richest families were Poaceae, Asteraceae (Compositae) and Fabaceae (Leguminoseae), while genera with the highest number of species were Euphorbia, Amaranthus and Cyperus. Cynodon dactylon and Alhagi graecorum were the present species, recorded at all habitats. Old cultivated lands recorded the highest species number followed by orchard habitats, on the contrast road side and wasteland habitats recorded the lowest species numbers. Therophytes were the dominant life form, while Phanerophytes were the smallest group in this study, 5%. The highest Jaccard similarity index was recorded between healthy land and orchard habitats, which supported also by ward classification.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of rainfall variability and rainfed rice crop using GIS Technique in West Bengal (India)

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-298
Author(s):  
P. K. SINGH ◽  
L. S. RATHORE ◽  
D. V. BHASKAR RAO ◽  
K. K. SINGH ◽  
A. K. Baxla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Dry Spells ◽  
The Mean

The rainfed areas receive mean annual precipitation in range of 500-1500 mm with high degree of variability and are beset with problems of mid-season drought and associated impacts on the crop productivity. In this paper, analysis of weekly, monthly, annual rainfall and weekly rainfall probabilities in relation to crop productivity has been carried out for all the stations of the study area in West Bengal where rain-fed agriculture is predominant.  However, duration of dry spells and its probabilities, climatic derivatives like commencement and cessation of rainy season, length of growing period (LGP) and estimates of water balance parameters have been carried out, in respect of all blocks in the identified three districts in West Bengal. The mean productivity during kharif season indicated that, highest productivity values of 3 to 3.5 t/ha are noticed in the block of central districts of Burdwan, Bankura, Birbhum, Hoogly districts.  Perhaps, irrigation facilities in these districts might have helped in arriving at such high productivity rates.  Low productivity of 1 to 1.5 t/ha have been noticed in two to three blocks of South 24-Paraganas and in Jalpaiguri districts. The productivity levels of northern districts, viz., Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, West Dinajpur, South 24-Paranagas vary from 1.5 to 2.0 t/ha. The lowest productivity of 11.28 q /ha in Jaldha and 14.89 q /ha in Manbazar in 1996 can be due to heavy rainfall conditions in June and again in August. The mean productivity pattern of rice crop during kharif season in identified districts was analyzed with respect to occurrence of number of dry spells at different growth stages and average MAI values. The productivity was also related to monthly rainfall (July) and correlations have been mentioned for Jaldha block (0.22) and Manbazar block (0.64). The highest productivity of 2-3 t/ha are recorded in hot sub-humid to humid regions of West Bengal where LGP vary from 150 to 200 days. From the study of the probability of dry and wet spells and MAI during different crop phenophases, the most vulnerable phases can be identified in each region.  

Problems Associated with Phalaris minor and Other Grass Weeds in India and Pakistan

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid A. Shad ◽  
Sadar Uddin Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Echinochloa Crusgalli ◽  
Phalaris Minor ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
And Control ◽  
Grass Weed

SUMMARYThe composition and control of the grass weed flora of India and Pakistan are discussed, and the losses caused by the weeds are reviewed. The most important perennial weeds are Cynodon dactylon and Sorghum halepense and the most important annual weeds Echinochloa crusgalli and E. colona in the summer (kharif) crops and wild oats (Avena spp.) and Phalaris minor in the winter (rabi) crops. Losses caused by these weeds can be considerably reduced by the use of selective herbicides but these may be too expensive for many farmers. The problems and control of Phalaris minor are considered in detail.

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