Productivity and Profitability of Fodder Cowpea Cultivars under Various Zinc Management Practices in IGP of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha . ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Hardev Ram ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available N ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield

Background: Soils of North-Western Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) are deficient in zinc content which may lead to lower forage yield of cowpea. Henceforth, the adequate supply of zinc either through soil or foliar spray and selection of suitable cultivar of cowpea could enhance the fodder productivity.Methods: A field experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design during Kharif season, 2019 to assess the effect of different zinc management practices (control; 10 kg ZnSO4; 20 kg ZnSO4; 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at 20 DAS; 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at 20 and 40 DAS) on productivity and profitability of cowpea cultivars (C-152; MFC-08-14; MFC-09-1) and post-harvest fertility status of soil.Result: Cowpea cv. C-152 showed the highest growth attributes, green fodder yield, nutrient content as well as uptake and net returns. Among different zinc management practices, the application of 20 kg ZnSO4 as basal application or 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at 20 and 40 DAS recorded significantly highest growth, green fodder yield, nutrient content as well as uptake and net returns. Significantly highest soil OC, available N, K and Zn were also noted under these treatments. It is inferred that cowpea cv. C-152 and application of either 20 kg ZnSO4 as basal or 0.5% ZnSO4 as foliar spray at 20 and 40 DAS were found the most productive and profitable approach and sustained the soil fertility status.

​​Effect of Zinc Fertilization on Nutritional Quality of Cowpea Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha . ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Hardev Ram ◽  
Nitin Tyagi ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Background: The improvement in livestock productivity may be possible by availing better quality fodder in adequate quantity to the dairy farmers. Zinc deficiency might be a major factor for lower quality fodder of cowpea. Methods: The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design; comprised of three cowpea cultivars viz., C-152, MFC-08-14 and MFC-09-1 and five zinc management practices viz., control; 10 kg ZnSO4 as basal; 20 kg ZnSO4 as basal; 0.5% ZnSO4 as foliar spray at 20 DAS; 0.5% ZnSO4 as foliar spray at 20 and 40 DAS. Result: Results revealed that C-152 showed significantly better quality in terms of higher dry matter, crude protein and total ash; and lower acid insoluble ash, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin amongst all the three varieties. Though, remarkably higher ether extract was obtained with MFC-08-14. Among the zinc management practices, 20 kg ZnSO4 as basal (Zn3) and foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at 20 and 40 DAS (Zn5) recorded significant improvement in fodder yield and quality traits of cowpea.

Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and Tillage Practices on Fodder Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallikarjun . ◽  
Hardev Ram ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Magan Singh ◽  
R. K. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Available N ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
N Management ◽  
Plot Design

Background: Agriculture and its allied sectors is an important sector in employment, income and food security. The increasing demands for food grains and cash crops, the area under fodder crops has been static since last 3-4 decades (8.4 mha) resulted into a net deficit in dry and green fodder is around 10 and 35%, respectively making livestock rearing more challenging. Conventional agriculture has largelybeen characterized by conventional tillage which caused soil degradation and negative impacts on soil physical and biological activity. To mitigate these negative effects, resource conservation technologies (RCTs) was tested and adopted to save substantial quantity of irrigation water, reducing the cost of cultivation, timely sowing, improve input use efficiency and left indirect effect on mitigating the adverse effect of climate changes. Biological N2 fixation (BNF) can make plants self-sustaining for N nutrition and avoiding the need for mineral N fertilization. The current study aimed enhancing fodder production by adoption of modern tillage practices and efficient N management. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 2017-18, experiment was laid out in the split plot design consisting of three tillage practices zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and raised bed (RB) and six N management viz., N0, N75, N75+Rhizo, N100, N100+Rhizo and N125%. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam in texture having pH 7.30, EC; 0.35 dS/m, medium in organic carbon (0.63%), low in nitrogen (188.48 kg/ha), medium in phosphorus (23.56 kg/ha) and potassium (271.12 kg/ha). The recommended dose of fertilizer and other cultural practices was applied as per treatments with standard process. The crop was harvested at 60 days after sowing and weighed for green fodder yield. The observations growth, yields and quality parameters was recorded as per the standard method. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance in split plot design. Result: ZT practices significantly improved growth attributes, fodder yield and available nitrogen. Higher fodder yield of cowpea was recorded with ZT as compared to CT and it was statistically similar in RB. The nitrogen management practices had significant effect on root length and root nodules, plant growth attributes, fodder yield and available N, P and K. The significant fodder yield was increase with successive increase of N application up to 75% N + rhizobium, over 0 and 75% N alone. The present work shows that adoption of ZT and inoculation of rhizobia had significantly improved soil health and stabilized fodder yield of cowpea besides decrease fertilizer nitrogen requirement in the irrigated agro-ecosystem of T-IGP.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc Fortification on Quality, Yield and Economics of Sweetcorn

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Monika Peddapuli ◽  
B. Venkateswarlu ◽  
V. Sai Surya Gowthami
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Nano Zinc

A field experiment was performed at Agricultural College, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Guntur during kharif season of 2020 to evaluate the efficacy of zinc nutrition on quality, yield and economics of sweetcorn. Experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design and comprising of nine treatments with three replications. The results disclosed that application of recommended dose of fertilizers along with soil application of 10 kg ha-1 Zn EDTA + two foliar sprays of nano zinc @ 250 ppm at 20 & 40 DAS registered remarkably higher protein content (12.98%) and zinc content (34.59 ppm) in kernel which was considered to be superior over the remaining zinc management practices tried. Also, highest green cob (12,638 kg ha-1), green fodder (19,674 kg ha-1), stover yield (7,590 kg ha-1) and gross returns (₹ 1,93,360 ha-1) was recorded from the treatment with soil application of Zn EDTA @ 10 kg ha-1 + two foliar sprays of nano zinc @ 250 ppm at 20 & 40 DAS along with RDF over control. However, highest net returns (₹ 1,38,664 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.74) was recorded with RDF + ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 (Soil) + Nano ZnO @ 250 ppm at 20 and 40 DAS (Foliar spray). The effectiveness of Zn EDTA compared to ZnSO4 is responsible for the higher quality parameters and yield of sweetcorn but due to its higher cost, Net returns and B;C ratio are maximum for the plots treated with ZnSO4 making it more economically viable.

scholarly journals Effect of nano nitrogen on yield attributes of sweet corn (Zea mays Saccharata) and economics

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
I. Sarwar ◽  
V.B. Gedam ◽  
R.H. Shinde ◽  
A.S. Bade
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Q Protein ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Monetary Return

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur (M.S.), India during Kharif, 2020 in black Vertisol soil using split plot design with four replications. The main plot factors consist of time of application viz., T1: 15 days after sowing (DAS), T2: 30 DAS and T3: 45 DAS and sub plot factors consist of doses of nano nitrogen (N) fertilizers viz., N1: 1.00 litre per ha, N2: 1.25 litre per ha and N3: 1.50 litre per ha making total nine treatment combinations. The results of main plot showed that length of cob (20.56 cm), diameter of cob (19.71 cm), weight of cob per plant (222.29 g), number of grains per cob (402.07), green cob yield per ha (138.32 q), green fodder yield per ha (359.75 q), protein content in grain (9.74%) and crude protein in stover (5.18%) were significantly maximum when foliar spray was done at 15 days after sowing (DAS). The gross monetary return (Rs. 5,93,172.04 ha-1) and net monetary return (Rs. 3,78,016.10 ha-1) were significantly maximum with foliar spray at 15 DAS (T1) over later spraying at 30 DAS (T2) and 45 DAS (T3). While, in sub-plot length of cob (18.55 cm), diameter of cob (16.83 cm), weight of cob per plant (208.65 g), number of grains per cob (371.25), green cob yield per ha (125.96 q), green fodder yield per ha (344.39 q), protein content in grain (9.29%) and crude protein in stover (5.10%) were obtained from treatment N3 (1.5 litre ha-1) which was on par with treatment N2 (1.25 litre ha-1) and significantly superior over N1 (1 litre ha-1). The highest value of the gross monetary return (Rs. 5,80,827.23 ha-1) and net monetary return (Rs. 3,59,534.55 ha-1) were obtained from treatment N3 (1.5 litre ha-1) which was at par with treatment N2 (1.25 litre ha-1) and significantly superior over treatment N1 (1.00 litre ha-1).

Effect of nutrient management on productivity and economics of soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Y. A. Bhosale ◽  
D. P. Pacharne
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Economic Indices

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2015 on silty clay loam soil at MPKV, Rahuri (MS), to study the varying nutrient management levels on productivity and economics of different soybean varieties. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 15 combinations of three varieties (KDS-344, JS-9305 and KS-103) and five nutrient management levels ( GRDF, 75% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS, 100% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS, N4: 125% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS and 50:75:30 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1 + 5 tons FYM ha-1. The variety KDS-344 and application of nutrient management dose 125% GRDF + 0.5 Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS recorded significantly the highest growth and yield attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of branches, number root of nodules, number of pod plant-1 and weight of seeds plant-1 (g). The variety KDS-344 recorded highest grain and stover (3.66 and 4.64 t /ha) yield and highest economic indices like cost of cultivation (40,623), net monetary returns (87355) and net returns per rupee invested (3.17). The grain yield (4.34 t/ha) and stover yield (4.53 t/ha) of soybean was significantly higher by application of fertilizer dose of 125% GRDF + 0.5% Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS than rest of treatments, but it was also at par with 75% GRDF + 0.5 Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS and 100% GRDF + 0.5% Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS. Similarly, variety KDS-344 and application of nutrient levels of 75 % GRDF + 0.5 % Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS recorded the highest net returns (82756) and net returns per rupee invested (3.24) in soybean due to reduce in cost of cultivation (36931) and nutrient losses.

Effect of phosphorus and zinc nutrition on growth and yield of fodder cowpea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Deepak Kumar Rathore ◽  
Magan Singh ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Anil Khippal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Application

An experiment consisting of four phosphorus levels (0, 40, 60 and 80 kg/ha P2O5) and five zinc levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha ZnSO4) was laid out in randomized block design in factorial mode to find out the effect on yield and quality of fodder cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata (L.)Walp.]. Growth parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf length, leaf width and leaf stem ratio were improved with the application of 60 kg/ha P2O5 and 20 kg/ha ZnSO4. Application of 60 kg/ha phosphorus recorded 27.64 t/ha yield, which was 7.50 and 55.6 % higher than 40 kg/ha and no phosphorus application, respectively. Application of zinc in the form of ZnSO4 @ 20 kg/ha increased significantly the green fodder yield (25.89 t/ha). Interaction effect of phosphorus and zinc application was found significant with respect to green fodder, dry matter yield and nutrient uptake. Yield, phosphorus and zinc uptake in cowpea fodder were showing declining trend at combination of application rate more than 60 kg/ha P2O5 and 20 kg/ha ZnSO4.

scholarly journals Soil nutrient content in relation to women's agricultural knowledge in the urban gardens of Kisumu, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette Tamara R. J. M. Jonkman ◽  
Esmee D. Kooijman ◽  
Boris Jansen ◽  
Nicky R. M. Pouw ◽  
Karsten Kalbitz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Urban Gardens ◽  
Available N ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Soil Nutrient Content

Abstract. Agricultural production in Kenya has been declining since the 1980s, either because soils are mismanaged or because they lack nutrients. In Kisumu, just under 50 % of the workers in the urban gardens are female. On average, women spend more hours a day in the gardens than men. To increase yields, women’s knowledge has to be considered in agricultural management. However, women face greater obstacles in land ownership, investment, and farm inputs due to social and cultural constraints as consequence of their gender. This case study aimed to determine the nutrient content in soils of the urban gardens of Kisumu, the agricultural knowledge of the women farmers and how their knowledge influences soil nutrient content through their management. Soils were sampled in Nyalenda, one of Kisumu's informal settlements where urban gardening is practised, to determine soil nutrient content. To determine how agricultural management practices influences total C and N, available N and P, and exchangeable K, Mg and Ca in the soil, two prevailing practices were compared: (1) applying manure only, and: (2) applying manure while intercropping with cowpeas. Interviews and focus group discussions were organised to determine what knowledge the female vegetable farmers possess, and where they acquired their knowledge. Soil analysis showed that agricultural management had significant effects on nutrient presence and availability. Intercropping led to significantly lower total soil nutrient contents than when only manure was applied. However, due to socio-economic factors, such as poverty, intercropping was applied in a way that did not increase soil nutrients but diversified revenue. The knowledge of the female vegetable growers was found to be limited to practical and sensory knowledge. This shows that in addition to socio-economic and cultural context, gendered knowledge differentiation has to be acknowledged and used in agricultural training when aiming to improve soil nutrient status and agricultural yields.

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Micronutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sorghum under Temperate Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Zahida Rashid ◽  
Tanveer Ahmad Ahngar ◽  
B. Sabiya ◽  
N. Sabina ◽  
N. S. Khuroo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield

A field experiment was conducted at Dry land Agricultural Research Station, Rangreth, Srinagar, SKUAST-K in Kharif 2020 to study the effect of Plant Growth Regulators and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of sorghum. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of Plant Growth Regulators and micronutrients on herbage yield and quality. The treatments included; T1: Tricontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T2: Salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T3: 5 kg Zn/ha soil application, T4: 2 kg B/ha soil application, T5: 5 kg Zn + 2 kg B/ha soil application, T6: 5 kg Zn/ha (soil application ) + Triacontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T7: 5 kg Zn/ha (soil application) + salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T8: 2 kg B/ha (soil application) + Triacontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T9: 2 kg B/ha (soil application )+ salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T10: 5 kg Zn + 2 kg B/ha (soil application) + Triacontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray), T11: 5 kg Zn + 2 kg B/ha (soil application) + salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray) and T12: Water spray at the time of PGR application. Zn and B were applied at the time of sowing in the soil. The crop was raised with recommended package of practices. In treatments, where zinc was not a treatment, an amount of sulphur through gypsum equivalent to sulphate supplied with 5 kg ZnSO4 was applied to compensate. The crop was sown in 30.0 cm apart lines. The trial was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results indicated that all the treatments improved the green fodder yield over control. Among different treatments, T10: 5 kg Zn + 2 kg B/ha soil application + Triacontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS foliar spray and T11: 5 kg Zn + 2 kg B/ha soil application + salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS foliar spray produced maximum GFY (493.6 and 490.5q/ha) on locational mean basis. It was significantly superior to other treatments. These treatments improved the green fodder yields by 35.0 % and 34.2 %, respectively, over control (spray of water). In terms of dry matter, similar trend was noted and the improvement with T10 and T11 was to the tune of 36.8 % and 41.0 % over control. Tricontanol 10 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray) (T1) improved the green fodder yield and dry fodder yield by 13.6% and 14.3 % respectively over T12Water spray at the time of Plant Growth Regulator application. Similarly spray of T2: Salicylic acid 100 ppm at 30 DAS (foliar spray) improved the green fodder yield and dry fodder yield by 14.4% and 15.4% respectively over T12Water spray at the time of Plant Growth Regulator application. Similar trend was observed with respect to quality parameters (crude protein content and crude protein yield) of sorghum.

scholarly journals A Study on Influence of Different Weed Management Practices on Yield and Economics of Rabi Groundnut in Telangana State

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
N. Charitha ◽  
M. Madhavi ◽  
G. Pratibha ◽  
T. Ramprakash
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Clodinafop Propargyl

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different high efficiency herbicides as pre and post-emergence application on the economics of groundnut at College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, during rabi 2020-21. The experiment consisted of ten treatments laid out in randomised block design (RBD) replicated thrice. Treatments are diclosulam 84% WDG 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, imazethapyr 2% EC + pendimethalin 30% EC 960 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, pyroxasulfone 85 % WDG 127.5 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS, propaquizafop 2.5% + imazethapyr 3.75% w/w ME 125 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, imazethapyr 35% +  imazamox 35% WG 70 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, sodium acifluorfen 16.5%  EC + clodinafop propargyl 8%  EC 250 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, imazethapyr 10% SL 100 g ha-1 PoE fb intercultivation at 40 DAS, intercultivation (20 and 40 DAS), intercultivation fb hand weeding (20 and 40 DAS) (Weed-free) and Unweeded control. The findings also conveys that, among all the weed management practices, higher gross returns were realized with intercultivation fb hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and among the herbicides, diclosulam 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS and imazethapyr + pendimethalin 960 g ha-1 PE of fb intercultivation at 20 DAS recorded higher returns. However the net returns and B: C ratio was significantly highest with diclosulam 26 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS and imazethapyr + pendimethalin at 960 g ha-1 PE fb intercultivation at 20 DAS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different weed management practices in dry direct seeded spring rice at Baniyani, Jhapa, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
Rakshya Poudel ◽  
Santosh Marahatta ◽  
Santosh Kandel ◽  
Purnima Puri
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Agriculture Modernization

A field experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2020 to evaluate the different weed management practices in dry directed seeded spring rice under Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project (PMAMP) super zone at Baniyani, Jhapa. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven weed management related treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of pre-emergence application of Pretilachlor, pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin, pre-emergence application of Pretilachlor fb post-emergence butachlor pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin fb post-emergence Bispyribac Na, Sesbania co-culture along with pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin along with two control treatments (weedy free and weedy check). The rice variety Hardinath-1 was used in the experiment. Data regarding the weed flora, weed density, weed dry weight, growth, yield attributes and yield were recorded and analyzed. The highest number of effective tillers per m2 (371.51) and number of grains per panicle (145.43) were obtained in Pendimethalin treated plot and were statistically as par with Sesbania co-culture + Pendimethalin (363.44 m-2 and 140.54 respectively). Higher and statistically similar grain yield was observed in Sesbania co- culture + Pendimethalin (4870kg ha-1) and Pendimethalin treated plots (4780 kg ha-1). The experiment concluded that there was reduction in yield by 66.78 percent due to presence of weed as compared to weed free. Pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin was most beneficial in terms of gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio compared to other weed management practices and hence was most economical.

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